How a Harmless Query Can Hijack LLM Agents: The First Semantic Cache Key Collision Attack
A new study presented at ICML 2026 reveals that the fuzzy matching used in LLM semantic caching creates an integrity vulnerability, allowing attackers to craft adversarial suffixes that cause cache‑key collisions and achieve up to 86 % response‑hijacking success on major cloud services such as AWS and Azure.
