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17-year internet software developer specializing in AI applications, networking, architecture, and open source. Led the delivery of network services handling hundreds of millions of concurrent devices and tens of millions of QPS, and has three years of experience designing and building an agent platform. Follow to stay updated.

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Latest from Random Bulletin

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Random Bulletin

Jul 9, 2026 · Backend Development

From HTTP to Private RPC: Why Million‑QPS Systems Need Protocol‑Level Optimization

A large‑scale load test revealed that 70% of latency was spent packing and unpacking HTTP messages, prompting an analysis of why early‑stage HTTP is convenient, how text‑based formats and connection handling become costly at high frequencies, and why binary serialization, private protocols, and connection reuse are essential for reaching ten‑million QPS.

HTTPRPCbinary-serialization

0 likes · 13 min read

From HTTP to Private RPC: Why Million‑QPS Systems Need Protocol‑Level Optimization

Random Bulletin

Jul 9, 2026 · Backend Development

API Design for Ten‑Million QPS: From Generic to Specialized, BFF vs GraphQL

When a single generic endpoint that returns over thirty fields is stressed at ten‑million queries per second, it becomes the weakest link, exposing costs of over‑fetching, downstream amplification, cache inefficiency and coupling; the article dissects these issues and shows how specialized APIs, BFF layers, and GraphQL can address them, while weighing their trade‑offs.

API designBFFGraphQL

0 likes · 18 min read

API Design for Ten‑Million QPS: From Generic to Specialized, BFF vs GraphQL

Random Bulletin

Jul 7, 2026 · Backend Development

Managing API Versions at Ten‑Million QPS: From Single Version to Coexisting Multi‑Versions

A tiny field‑addition and rename in an order service caused a cascade failure in a three‑year‑old reconciliation job, illustrating how any incompatible change in a system handling tens of millions of QPS can trigger an avalanche, and the article explains why version management, compatible design, multi‑version coexistence, and disciplined governance are essential to keep such large‑scale services reliable.

API versioningService Governancecompatible design

0 likes · 18 min read

Managing API Versions at Ten‑Million QPS: From Single Version to Coexisting Multi‑Versions

Random Bulletin

Jul 5, 2026 · Backend Development

From Ad‑hoc to Strict Layering: Managing Service Dependencies at Ten‑Million QPS

An unexpected restart of an edge user‑tag service caused a core transaction chain to fail, exposing how reverse and circular dependencies can turn a clean layered architecture into a tangled web; the article explains the hidden costs of such chaos and outlines two hard rules and a step‑by‑step path to enforce strict, acyclic layering for systems handling tens of millions of QPS.

Layered Architecturecircular dependencydependency-governance

0 likes · 15 min read

From Ad‑hoc to Strict Layering: Managing Service Dependencies at Ten‑Million QPS

Random Bulletin

Jul 3, 2026 · Operations

From Coarse to Fine-Grained: Traffic Shaping Strategies for Million‑QPS Queues

A bulk coupon‑sending job overwhelmed a million‑QPS system, revealing that message queues only buffer but do not shape traffic; the article dissects three failure points, compares leaky‑bucket and token‑bucket rate limiters, evaluates placement on producer, broker or consumer, and progresses from static limits to adaptive shaping with handling of throttled messages.

Message Queueadaptive throttlingleaky-bucket

0 likes · 18 min read

From Coarse to Fine-Grained: Traffic Shaping Strategies for Million‑QPS Queues

Random Bulletin

Jul 2, 2026 · Operations

From Zero to Control: Implementing Traffic Shaping for 10 Million QPS Systems

A bulk coupon‑sending job overwhelmed a 10 M‑QPS system, revealing that message queues only buffer traffic; the article walks through why rate‑limiting (leaky vs token bucket) must be added at the producer, broker, or consumer, evolves from static thresholds to adaptive shaping, and discusses how to handle throttled messages.

Message Queueadaptive throttlingleaky-bucket

0 likes · 18 min read

From Zero to Control: Implementing Traffic Shaping for 10 Million QPS Systems

Random Bulletin

Jul 1, 2026 · Operations

Evolving Message Expiration for 10 Million QPS: From No TTL to Smart Policies

When a high‑traffic system processes billions of messages per day, stale “zombie” messages can corrupt business state; this article walks through the evolution from never‑expiring queues to uniform TTL, then per‑topic and per‑message TTL, and finally to smart, context‑aware expiration, detailing the engineering trade‑offs, implementation patterns, and operational checklist needed for reliable 10 M‑QPS message pipelines.

KafkaMessage QueueRocketMQ

0 likes · 19 min read

Evolving Message Expiration for 10 Million QPS: From No TTL to Smart Policies

Random Bulletin

Jun 30, 2026 · Operations

Preventing Message Queue Backlog at Ten‑Million QPS: From Reactive to Proactive

The article explains how a ten‑million‑QPS messaging system can shift from reactive fire‑fighting to proactive backlog prevention by using long‑, mid‑, and short‑term defense layers, capacity planning, predictive scaling, backpressure, and regular chaos engineering to eliminate user‑visible latency.

Message Queuebacklog preventionbackpressure

0 likes · 19 min read

Preventing Message Queue Backlog at Ten‑Million QPS: From Reactive to Proactive

Random Bulletin

Jun 29, 2026 · Operations

Backlog Digestion at Ten‑Million QPS: From Adding Machines to Intelligent Scheduling

The article dissects how to handle massive message backlog in ten‑million‑QPS systems, explaining why simply adding consumer machines fails, and walks through six evolutionary stages—from manual scaling and auto‑scaling to traffic tiering, consumer‑side optimizations, dynamic strategies, and AI‑driven intelligent scheduling—while highlighting design trade‑offs, pitfalls, and practical tooling.

Auto-scalingMessage Queuebacklog digestion

0 likes · 22 min read

Backlog Digestion at Ten‑Million QPS: From Adding Machines to Intelligent Scheduling

Random Bulletin

Jun 28, 2026 · Operations

Backlog Monitoring at 10 Million QPS: From Manual Checks to SLO‑Driven Automation

At 10 million QPS, message backlog can silently grow for hours, turning minutes of lag into hundreds of millions of undelivered messages; this article walks through a six‑stage evolution—from manual command‑line checks to SLO‑driven predictive monitoring—detailing metrics, pitfalls, and tool choices for a robust, multi‑dimensional alert system.

KafkaSLOalerting

0 likes · 21 min read

Backlog Monitoring at 10 Million QPS: From Manual Checks to SLO‑Driven Automation