How TDMQ Pulsar Scales Million-Message Delayed Queues with Multi-Level Time Wheels
The article analyzes why large‑scale delayed messaging is needed, identifies the bottlenecks of the Apache Pulsar community solution, and explains TDMQ Pulsar's three‑step redesign—hierarchical time wheels, expiration re‑push, and immutable message IDs—that together enable stable million‑message delayed queues with controlled memory and minute‑level hole impact.
