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Goodme Frontend Team
Goodme Frontend Team
Jun 3, 2025 · Fundamentals

What Is HLS? A Deep Dive into HTTP Live Streaming and Its Comparison with DASH

HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) is Apple’s HTTP‑based media protocol that segments video into .ts files indexed by .m3u8 playlists, supporting adaptive bitrate, encryption, and CDN acceleration, and the article compares its features, workflow, VOD vs live modes, and how to generate segments with ffmpeg.

HTTP Live StreamingStreaming Protocoladaptive bitrate
0 likes · 7 min read
What Is HLS? A Deep Dive into HTTP Live Streaming and Its Comparison with DASH
OPPO Kernel Craftsman
OPPO Kernel Craftsman
Apr 18, 2025 · Backend Development

Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) Streaming: Concepts, Protocols, Challenges, and Algorithms

Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) streaming dynamically selects among multiple video representations using protocols like HLS, DASH, and CMAF, leveraging bandwidth predictions and buffer metrics to balance quality and re‑buffering, while evolving through hybrid, buffer‑based, rate‑based, and machine‑learning algorithms for optimal user experience.

ABRMPEG-DASHQoE
0 likes · 12 min read
Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) Streaming: Concepts, Protocols, Challenges, and Algorithms
BirdNest Tech Talk
BirdNest Tech Talk
Nov 17, 2024 · Cloud Computing

How to Host 4K Video on Cloudflare R2 for Under $2 a Month

This article walks through the full process of delivering high‑quality 4K video at minimal cost by comparing storage providers, choosing Cloudflare R2 for its free outbound bandwidth, encoding with FFmpeg, packaging with HLS, uploading via rclone, and playing back with HLS.js or a custom web component.

Cost OptimizationVideo Streamingadaptive bitrate
0 likes · 18 min read
How to Host 4K Video on Cloudflare R2 for Under $2 a Month
Bilibili Tech
Bilibili Tech
Jul 26, 2024 · Backend Development

Design and Architecture of a Self‑Developed Video Transcoding Core

The team built a custom video‑transcoding core atop FFmpeg libraries, replacing the command‑line tool with modular controllers, pipelines, and parallel tasks that dynamically adapt resolution, frame‑rate, and SEI handling for both low‑latency live streams and high‑throughput VOD, improving scalability and maintainability.

Video Transcodingadaptive bitratebackend-development
0 likes · 11 min read
Design and Architecture of a Self‑Developed Video Transcoding Core
Bilibili Tech
Bilibili Tech
Jan 13, 2023 · Cloud Computing

Design and Implementation of Bilibili's Low‑Latency Cloud Gaming Platform Using WebRTC

Bilibili built a cross‑platform cloud‑gaming service that leverages WebRTC with tuned jitter buffers, unordered data channels, adaptive input‑report rates, and a custom kernel driver to deliver sub‑100 ms latency, dynamic bitrate control, and haptic feedback, overcoming typical latency, stutter, and flexibility limitations of existing solutions.

Low latencyWebRTCadaptive bitrate
0 likes · 14 min read
Design and Implementation of Bilibili's Low‑Latency Cloud Gaming Platform Using WebRTC
ITPUB
ITPUB
Aug 21, 2022 · Backend Development

How Bilibili Turned Academic ABR Research into a Mobile Playback Boost

This article examines Bilibili's end‑to‑end journey of adopting, evaluating, and extending academic adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithms—such as THROUGHPUT, MPC, BOLA, and Pensieve—to improve mobile video QoE, detailing the shortcomings of traditional methods, the design of a real‑time QoE model, network preprocessing, intelligent resolution framework, model deployment, and user‑preference adaptations.

ABRBilibiliQoE
0 likes · 15 min read
How Bilibili Turned Academic ABR Research into a Mobile Playback Boost
Bilibili Tech
Bilibili Tech
Aug 16, 2022 · Artificial Intelligence

Bilibili's Intelligent Adaptive Bitrate Algorithm: From Theory to Practice

Bilibili enhanced mobile video streaming by replacing standard ABR methods with an intelligent adaptive bitrate system that uses a real‑time QoE model, refined network‑speed preprocessing, long‑term feature analysis, decision‑tree‑based neural models, and personalized user modes to balance resolution, buffering, and data usage.

BilibiliPensieve algorithmQoE optimization
0 likes · 12 min read
Bilibili's Intelligent Adaptive Bitrate Algorithm: From Theory to Practice
DaTaobao Tech
DaTaobao Tech
Apr 13, 2022 · Artificial Intelligence

Machine‑Learning Based Bandwidth Prediction and Adaptive Streaming for Taobao Live: Concerto, OnRL, and Loki

Alibaba’s Taobao Live team replaced rule‑based bandwidth estimators with three machine‑learning solutions—Concerto, OnRL, and Loki—trained on over a million hours of global live‑stream data, achieving up to 13% throughput gain, threefold stall reduction, and up to 44% lower 95th‑percentile stalls, now deployed commercially.

Real-time VideoReinforcement Learningadaptive bitrate
0 likes · 14 min read
Machine‑Learning Based Bandwidth Prediction and Adaptive Streaming for Taobao Live: Concerto, OnRL, and Loki
Douyu Streaming
Douyu Streaming
Oct 16, 2021 · Fundamentals

Why DASH Is Poised to Become the Next Standard for Video Streaming

This article explains the fundamentals of MPEG‑DASH, covering its standard definition, MPD structure, segment formats, example XML, playback capabilities, live streaming support, and the advantages and drawbacks that make DASH a leading candidate for future video streaming solutions.

DASHMPDMPEG-DASH
0 likes · 12 min read
Why DASH Is Poised to Become the Next Standard for Video Streaming
Youku Technology
Youku Technology
Jun 29, 2020 · Backend Development

Youku Intelligent Bitrate (Smart Profile): Design, Implementation, and Optimization

Youku’s Intelligent Profile introduces a smart‑bitrate system that dynamically selects the optimal video quality using speed‑based, buffer‑based, hybrid and reinforcement‑learning strategies, replaces traditional ABR’s limited predictions, gathers client metrics for continuous offline analysis, and has already raised high‑definition playback above 90% while halving stall rates across mobile OTT and live streaming.

QoEadaptive bitratemachine learning
0 likes · 22 min read
Youku Intelligent Bitrate (Smart Profile): Design, Implementation, and Optimization
iQIYI Technical Product Team
iQIYI Technical Product Team
Jul 12, 2019 · Artificial Intelligence

Real-Time Evaluation System for Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) Algorithms and Controlled Bitrate Distribution

RESA is a real‑time evaluation platform that continuously tests multiple Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) algorithms on live user traffic, introduces a multi‑user QoE metric derived from viewing behavior, reveals trade‑offs between clarity and bandwidth, and proposes the RL‑based ABSbc algorithm to steer bitrate distribution and balance user experience with network cost.

ABRBandwidth ControlQoE
0 likes · 23 min read
Real-Time Evaluation System for Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) Algorithms and Controlled Bitrate Distribution
iQIYI Technical Product Team
iQIYI Technical Product Team
Nov 16, 2018 · Artificial Intelligence

How Reinforcement Learning Transforms Adaptive Bitrate Streaming

This article explains the principles of adaptive bitrate streaming, compares traditional ABR algorithms with a reinforcement‑learning‑based approach, describes its system architecture and training process, and presents QoS evaluation results that show RL‑driven streaming can improve video quality and smoothness.

ABR algorithmsQoS evaluationReinforcement Learning
0 likes · 8 min read
How Reinforcement Learning Transforms Adaptive Bitrate Streaming
iQIYI Technical Product Team
iQIYI Technical Product Team
Jun 29, 2018 · Cloud Computing

Optimizing Video Playback Experience: Adaptive Bitrate, AI‑Driven ABS, and CDN Strategies from iQIYI

At the China Video Consumption User Experience Summit, iQIYI detailed how its AI‑driven adaptive bitrate streaming, proprietary HCDN architecture, hotspot prediction and AI‑upscaling technologies collectively reduce stalling, shift traffic away from peak periods, and deliver higher‑quality, cost‑effective playback across devices, from standard video to 8K VR.

AI OptimizationCDNVideo Streaming
0 likes · 10 min read
Optimizing Video Playback Experience: Adaptive Bitrate, AI‑Driven ABS, and CDN Strategies from iQIYI
Hulu Beijing
Hulu Beijing
Jun 26, 2018 · Operations

How Hulu Optimizes Video QoS: Adaptive Bitrate Strategies and Real‑World Insights

This article explains Hulu's comprehensive approach to streaming quality optimization, covering the video system architecture, business model, the distinction between QoS and QoE, key performance metrics, adaptive bitrate algorithms, data‑driven workflows, offline validation, online A/B testing, and the measurable improvements achieved across multiple platforms.

AB testingData-drivenQoS
0 likes · 25 min read
How Hulu Optimizes Video QoS: Adaptive Bitrate Strategies and Real‑World Insights
Hulu Beijing
Hulu Beijing
Aug 7, 2017 · Cloud Computing

What Drives Success in the Second Wave of Video Live Streaming? Expert Insights

The article reviews the evolution of the video livestream industry, summarizing a July 29 51CTO‑hosted technical salon where experts from Momo Live, Hulu, Kingsoft Cloud, and GSX shared practical strategies on CDN probing, H.265 adoption, adaptive bitrate algorithms, and education‑focused streaming architecture to reduce costs and improve user experience.

CDNH.265adaptive bitrate
0 likes · 7 min read
What Drives Success in the Second Wave of Video Live Streaming? Expert Insights
21CTO
21CTO
Apr 9, 2017 · Backend Development

How HTTP Streaming Evolved: From Simple Downloads to Adaptive Bitrate

This article traces the evolution of HTTP-based video streaming—from early full‑file downloads through progressive download, pseudo‑streaming, and finally adaptive bitrate technologies like HLS and MPEG‑DASH—explaining key concepts, server implementations, and optimization techniques.

HTTP streamingMedia ServerNginx
0 likes · 7 min read
How HTTP Streaming Evolved: From Simple Downloads to Adaptive Bitrate