Designing High‑Performance Networks for Large‑Scale AI Model Training
This article examines the challenges of building scalable, low‑latency, and cost‑effective network architectures—such as Clos/Fat‑Tree, Spine‑Leaf, Dragonfly, and Torus—for massive GPU clusters used in training trillion‑parameter AI models, comparing multi‑rail and single‑rail designs and highlighting real‑world implementations from Tencent and Alibaba.
