This guide outlines the essential skills—from HTML/CSS and JavaScript to backend languages, databases, HTTP/REST, architecture, Git, and core algorithms—needed to become a full‑stack web developer in 2017 and land your first job.
This guide explains how to obtain an element's CSS background‑color value using Nightwatch's getCssProperty method, wrap it in a custom command, and compare the retrieved RGBA color with the expected RGB value in automated UI tests.
This article explains how to apply common design patterns such as Singleton and Observer in front‑end JavaScript, demonstrating practical extensions using Function.prototype, discussing the Open‑Closed Principle, and providing code examples for flexible, maintainable code without invasive modifications.
This article explains why rules like eqeqeq, no‑bitwise, and no‑implicit‑coercion should be avoided, shows concrete examples of problematic code, and provides clear manual fixes to improve JavaScript quality with ESLint.
This article explains how to create a JavaScript function that sends a POST request to a license‑generation API, retrieve the license data, and use it in subsequent automated test cases, including handling asynchronous callbacks and example usage.
This tutorial walks through using Three.js to create basic 3D scenes in HTML, covering library inclusion, renderer, scene, camera, object creation, camera positioning and angle adjustments, as well as adding rotation effects and rendering textured objects, with visual demos and code snippets.
This article walks front‑end developers through the author's deductive model of React, covering transformation, abstraction, composition, state handling, memoization, list management, continuations, state maps, and algebraic effects with clear code examples.
This article explains how to retrieve a license count using Nightwatch.js, manage JavaScript's asynchronous callbacks, compare two retrieved values, and assert the expected increment, providing complete code examples and practical tips for reliable UI automation testing.
This article explains how to perform simple and combined keyboard actions such as Enter and Ctrl+A in Nightwatch.js automated tests, provides code examples for Google (or Baidu) searches, and lists all available key constants for reference.
This article shows how to create a global timer object that tracks setTimeout and setInterval IDs, provides batch clearing, adds pause and resume capabilities, and demonstrates framework‑agnostic implementations inspired by CreateJS and PIXI, with full code examples and GitHub references.
This article explains how to implement the classic Snake game using the MVC pattern, detailing the model's grid representation, chain‑list versus array for the snake body, random food placement algorithms, view rendering optimizations with PIXI, and control APIs for game interaction.
This article introduces the Chinese translation of "Functional Light JavaScript," explaining the book’s focus on lightweight functional programming concepts in JavaScript, the author’s journey, the core philosophy, a detailed table of contents, and where to find the open‑source translation.
This article curates the 18 most popular Chinese front‑end open‑source projects—covering UI frameworks, chart libraries, responsive grids, animation tools and more—detailing their ratings, star counts, licenses, primary languages, platforms and key features to help developers choose effective learning resources.
Learn how to efficiently locate and fix JavaScript bugs by reproducing errors, setting breakpoints, stepping through code, inspecting variables with Watch expressions, and editing code directly in Chrome DevTools, all demonstrated through a concrete addition calculator example.
According to the October 2017 TIOBE Index, Java, C, and C++ remain the top three languages, while C# and Python hold fourth and fifth places; Swift has slipped to 16th, and the rise of hybrid mobile frameworks is boosting C# and JavaScript at the expense of Java and Swift.
This article explains the fundamentals of unit testing, including its importance, various test types, tool categories, implementation principles, hooks, best‑practice guidelines, and introduces the Jest JavaScript testing framework with installation steps, features, and example test scripts for both synchronous and asynchronous code.
This guide walks you through analyzing the Meituan Waimai app's comment section, uncovering the AJAX requests that load data, constructing the proper URL pattern, looping through pages to fetch JSON, and storing the results in files or a database for further analysis.
This guide introduces Bootstrap Table, a jQuery‑based plugin for enhancing HTML tables, covering basic initialization with local data, server‑side loading via AJAX, detailed parameter explanations, common events, and frequently used methods, providing code examples for each scenario.
This article introduces Electron and the Nightmare framework, explains how to install and use Nightmare for web automation and crawling, and provides a complete example of scraping Zhihu topic data with JavaScript, Node.js, and Cheerio, including code snippets and JSON output.
This article walks through using NetEase's NEJ framework to decompose a complex single‑page web application into hierarchical modules, create and format dependency trees, register external and layout modules, define module directories, implement module logic and messaging, and finally integrate and package the system for scalable deployment.
This article shares a developer's transition from Android to front‑end, outlines browser engine fundamentals, essential web technologies, a simple code example, recommended tools, engineering workflow, and future learning paths to help beginners build a solid front‑end foundation.
This article examines why JavaScript developers experience fatigue, explains that software exists to reduce costs and increase revenue, and offers practical strategies—such as mastering fundamentals, selective tool use, and test‑driven development—to help engineers stay productive and focused on solving real business problems.
This article introduces Nightwatch.js, a Node.js‑based end‑to‑end testing framework for web and app testing, explains why the author switched from Java‑Selenium‑TestNG to Nightwatch.js, and outlines its key features such as simple syntax, built‑in runner, Selenium integration, cloud support, CI reporting, and extensibility.
Learn how Nuxt.js extends Vue.js to provide seamless server‑side rendering, from installation and project scaffolding to directory structure, rendering flow, middleware, asyncData handling, routing conventions, and configuration tips, enabling SEO‑friendly, high‑performance web applications.
This article presents a detailed roadmap for aspiring front‑end engineers, covering essential fundamentals, design principles, development techniques, networking basics, server‑side knowledge, database skills, and soft‑skill practices, while providing practical code examples and resource recommendations.
This article presents a comprehensive Mini Program tutorial covering the full course syllabus—from introductory setup and appID registration to intermediate project structure, utility extraction, network handling, list and detail page implementation—along with a detailed step‑by‑step guide for obtaining and configuring an appID.
This week’s frontend roundup covers Tencent’s soaring profits, Andrew Ng’s $150 million AI fund, Google’s DeepLearn.js library, Next.js 3.0, Node 8.3, Angular 5 PWA features, .NET Standard 2.0, AWS joining CNCF, Huawei’s drone‑based emergency network, and Firefox 55’s WebVR support.
This article explains why switching iframe pages to HTTPS broke automatic resizing due to cross-origin restrictions, introduces the easyXDM library as a comprehensive solution, and provides step‑by‑step code examples for parent‑child communication, protocol selection, multi‑iframe handling, and debugging techniques.
This article reviews the compatibility of various Node.js versions with ES6 features, explains key ES6 constructs such as let, const, template literals, default parameters, destructuring, and classes, and presents performance benchmarks comparing these features to their ES5 equivalents, concluding with practical recommendations for developers.
This article, adapted from a university‑level front‑end lecture, explains what front‑end development is, how browsers render pages, the layered architecture of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, and the modern tools and practices that turn static markup into interactive web applications.
This tutorial shows how to build a cross‑platform WebVR voxel‑building demo, similar to Minecraft, using A‑Frame and just a handful of HTML elements, covering scene setup, assets preloading, entity‑component patterns, custom components, mixins, hand controllers, teleportation, and device‑agnostic interaction.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of the front‑end development workflow, explaining core concepts like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and detailing essential tools such as npm, Babel, Gulp, Webpack, and popular frameworks like React and Vue, while addressing their roles and interactions.
This week’s front‑end roundup covers Storybook 3.2’s Vue support, Webpack’s first‑class WebAssembly push, WebKit’s PWA plans, a browser‑based neural‑network framework, Coinbase’s $100 M raise, TensorFlow 1.3 updates, Netflix’s Vectorflow, Visual Studio 2017 preview, and Angular AOT memory limits.
This article examines Chrome extension manifest structures, recent security‑related changes, and presents methods—including script onload/onerror probing and a web‑store spider—to detect and enumerate extensions, supplemented by sample code and data from large‑scale analysis.
This article examines a production incident caused by using the ES5 for...in loop to iterate over arrays, explains its pitfalls such as prototype pollution and string indexes, and demonstrates why switching to the ES6 for...of construct provides safer, more predictable array traversal.
This article walks through the reverse‑engineering of a compact JavaScript one‑liner that draws a patterned image, refactors it into readable modules, explains each transformation—including variable renaming, loop conversion, ternary expansion, bitwise operations, and switch‑case replacement—while illustrating the underlying math with graphs and code snippets.
This article explains the concept of higher‑order components (HOCs) in React, demonstrates basic and advanced implementations—including parameterized HOCs, display‑name handling, composition with compose, and practical examples such as loading and copy utilities—while comparing HOCs with parent components and recommending open‑source libraries.
This guide explains what Gitalk is, outlines its key features, shows how to install it via CDN or npm, details required GitHub application settings, provides configuration options with code examples, and describes usage, rendering, contribution steps, and related projects.
This article explains how to construct regular expressions that balance matching expected strings, avoiding false matches, maintaining readability, and achieving performance, while covering when to use regex, practical JavaScript examples, accuracy techniques for phone numbers and floats, and key optimization strategies.
This guide explores JavaScript's console object, detailing its logging methods, formatting placeholders, table displays, grouping, timing, and additional utilities, while providing code snippets and visual examples to help developers debug and present information effectively in browsers.
This article explains the fundamentals of functional programming, its contrast with imperative coding, the role of pure functions and monads, and why its declarative and asynchronous features are increasingly essential for modern front‑end frameworks and reactive UI development.
This article explores practical lossy and lossless compression techniques for web front‑end assets, covering image compression via Canvas, data compression using LZ‑based algorithms, recommended JavaScript libraries, and a novel PNG‑based approach to shrink resources without sacrificing functionality.
A roundup of this week's front‑end highlights includes NetEase's new "Dream Werewolf" game, Apple's iPod discontinuation, Facebook Messenger 2.1 with embedded NLP, React's licensing controversy, npm 5.3.0 updates, Expo SDK v19.0.0, Angular releases, Google IPv6 stats, the Facets visualization tool, and Adobe's Flash sunset.
This article reviews twelve free, open‑source coding‑game platforms—such as CodeCombat, Screeps, CheckiO, VIM Adventures, Cyber‑Dojo, CodeMonkey, the Elevator Programming Game, Codewars, Ruby Quiz, Git‑Game and hacker.org—covering languages from JavaScript to Python and suitable for beginners to advanced programmers.
This article provides a detailed walkthrough of building controlled form components in React.js, covering text, number, checkbox, radio, textarea, and select inputs, along with state management, form submission, clearing, validation, and full source code examples.
This article explains how Node.js achieves its single‑threaded, non‑blocking behavior through callbacks, an event‑driven model, and an event‑loop that leverages libuv’s thread pool, and it illustrates these concepts with detailed code examples and diagrams.
This tutorial introduces CreateJS’s four modules, demonstrates asset preloading, drawing workflows, tick handling, touch support, object layering, image manipulation, and provides a complete seamless‑scrolling background demo with full code examples.
This article introduces WKWebView, compares it with the legacy UIWebView in terms of performance and memory usage, explains usage patterns, delegate protocols, JavaScript‑Native interaction, common pitfalls such as cookie handling, process crashes, caching, and offers practical solutions and best‑practice recommendations for iOS developers.
This article introduces the Chrome DevTools Protocol API, provides practical coding tips for using the chrome-remote-interface library, and demonstrates complete Node.js examples for gathering performance metrics, automating Baidu searches, and extracting first‑page results with headless Chrome.
This article explains the fundamentals of memory management, illustrating why ArrayBuffer and SharedArrayBuffer were added to JavaScript, how automatic garbage collection works, and what manual memory handling with functions like malloc and free entails, especially when using WebAssembly and C.
This article walks through classic Node.js callback examples, demonstrates how event emitters can replace tangled callback nesting, and then shows how promises and async/await provide cleaner, more maintainable asynchronous code, encouraging developers to upgrade their Node version.
Redux is a JavaScript state container that enforces a single‑store, unidirectional data flow using actions, reducers and middleware, drawing on Flux, CQRS and event sourcing, and the article examines its core source files while offering best‑practice guidelines such as immutability, pure reducers, smart‑dumb component separation, and careful middleware use.
This article explores a variety of front‑end anti‑crawling techniques—from font‑face obfuscation and background‑image sprites to pseudo‑elements and iframe loading—illustrating how developers can make data extraction harder for bots while acknowledging that no method is foolproof.
Over the past two weeks I built a small backend management system using React, React‑Router, MobX, Webpack, Axios, ECharts and Ant Design, and share practical insights on component loading, routing upgrades, state management choices, bundling pitfalls, and UI library usage.
This guide explains how to create a lightweight motion‑detection effect in a web page using WebRTC to capture video, Canvas for pixel processing, and JavaScript algorithms that compare consecutive frames, apply brightness thresholds, and optionally track moving objects with bounding boxes.
LsLoader is a middleware that caches individual JavaScript modules in browser localStorage and combines updates via an online combo service, enabling build‑tool‑agnostic, fine‑grained loading that cuts page load times by up to 30 % and saves hundreds of gigabytes of bandwidth in production.
This cheat sheet compiles twenty practical regular‑expression patterns—including date, password, email, ID, IP, URL, and HTML validation examples—along with JavaScript snippets, giving developers a quick reference to boost input‑checking efficiency across front‑end and back‑end projects.
This tutorial walks you through the entire process of creating a basic commercial website front‑end—from gathering requirements and designing interactions to setting up a Vue‑webpack project, installing iView components, and launching the site—in roughly one hour of work.
This article explains the differences between JavaScript’s escape, encodeURI, and encodeURIComponent functions, detailing their encoding rules, percent‑encoding standards, reserved and unreserved characters, and how Unicode characters are transformed into UTF‑8 byte sequences, while also covering ASCII, Unicode, and UTF‑8 fundamentals.
This tutorial explains how to rotate, flip, and mirror images on an HTML5 canvas using coordinate system transforms, matrix operations, and pixel‑level manipulation, providing step‑by‑step code examples and visual diagrams for each technique.
This article explains the differences between libraries and frameworks, outlines common front‑end solution categories such as DOM manipulation, communication, utilities, templating, components, routing and architecture, and provides practical recommendations of popular JavaScript tools for each area.
This article translates Loren Stewart’s guide on using React refs for form handling, explaining both controlled components and ref‑based approaches, and provides detailed code examples for text, number, select, radio, and checkbox inputs, including techniques for parent‑child communication and value extraction.
This article compiles a wide range of interview questions and answers covering MySQL escaping, JavaScript memory leaks, PHP garbage collection, concurrency control, networking fundamentals, and system design, aiming to warn developers about knowledge gaps and encourage deeper technical learning.
This guide explains how ES6 Set creates collections of unique values, covering basic methods, handling of arrays, objects, and strings, iteration techniques like for…of, and the interchangeable keys and values methods with practical code examples.
This guide explains why front‑end error collection is essential, outlines effective methods such as using window.addEventListener('error', true), details the types of exceptions to monitor—including script errors, resource load failures, HTML hijacking, and CSS issues—and provides practical code snippets for reporting and handling them.
This article explores the often hidden and contentious world of web crawling and anti‑crawling, detailing industry motivations, the massive proportion of bot traffic, the technical arms race between scrapers and defenders, and the broader impact on developers, companies, and security practices.
This article compiles ten common front‑end questions from Zhihu, offering practical advice on market demand, learning strategies, solidifying fundamentals, choosing between design and development, interview tactics, and the future outlook of web development, all backed by real‑world analogies and examples.
This article explains what favicons are, how to embed them using HTML link tags, compares common formats like .ico, .png, .svg and .gif, describes browser loading order, and shows how to create dynamic favicons with JavaScript libraries such as favico.js, Tinycon, and piecon.
From Apple’s secret team turning iPhones into medical records to Safari 11’s new WebRTC and WebAssembly support, V8 6.0’s SharedArrayBuffer, Puppet Labs’ DevOps survey, WeChat’s open‑source WCDB, Tencent’s mobile analytics, StackOverflow’s HTTPS migration, and a new front‑end lifecycle model, this roundup covers the top front‑end developments of the week.
This article compiles ten common algorithmic challenges frequently asked in front‑end interviews, explains why mastering data structures matters for developers, and provides concise solutions and key insights for each problem, from palindrome checks to binary search tree implementation in JavaScript.
This article explores comprehensive Node.js error handling techniques, covering how to expose errors, differentiate operational and coding errors, choose between throw, callbacks, and EventEmitters, and implement robust error propagation and documentation for resilient backend applications.
Explore advanced JavaScript regular expression techniques—including lazy quantifiers, non‑capturing groups, backreferences, lookaround assertions, and subtle meta‑character rules—to write more efficient and readable patterns, illustrated with practical examples such as inserting commas into large numbers.
This concise guide introduces seven frequently used ES6 features—including let, const, arrow functions, default parameters, destructuring, object shorthand, and template literals—explaining each concept so you can grasp them in roughly half an hour.
This article introduces the fundamentals of Shadow DOM, explains its core concepts, usage patterns, key features, and API, compares it with Virtual DOM, demonstrates practical code examples for creating and styling shadow roots, handling slots and events, and discusses browser support and related tooling.
This article reviews the evolution of frontend moduleization over the past decade, discusses the problems of early script inclusion, presents various solutions such as namespaces, closures, CommonJS, ES6 modules, and modern build tools, and illustrates each approach with concrete JavaScript code examples.
This article examines React's Virtual DOM by dissecting the React source code, explaining the structure of the React object, ReactElement factory, the createElement implementation, and how these pieces combine to build a virtual DOM tree for rendering components.
The article explains why adding 0.1 and 0.2 in JavaScript, Python or C produces 0.30000000000000004 instead of 0.3, by detailing binary floating‑point representation, IEEE‑754 encoding, exponent alignment, rounding rules, and shows C code that reveals the exact stored bits.
This article walks through the concept, setup, core modules, and various asynchronous techniques—callbacks, promises, generators, and async/await—used to create a live, animated resume that updates text and styles in real time on a web page.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of 56 data visualization tools ranging from simple spreadsheet options to advanced JavaScript libraries, mapping frameworks, and statistical packages, helping developers choose the right solution for creating interactive and insightful visual representations of their data.
This article provides a comprehensive guide to JavaScript's console API, covering basic logging methods, object inspection, grouping, clearing, performance timing, profiling, tracing, assertions, and counting, with practical code examples and tips for effective debugging in development environments.
This article shares a practical self‑study roadmap for front‑end development, outlining four progressive steps with recommended books, timelines, key concepts, and useful online resources to help beginners become competent front‑end engineers.
This guide explains how to display a mobile web game exclusively in landscape orientation by rotating a container div with CSS transforms and JavaScript, avoiding intrusive prompts and handling devices with auto‑rotate enabled.
This article explains why a seemingly nonsensical JavaScript expression evaluates to the two characters “sb” by dissecting its operator precedence, breaking it into sub‑expressions, and applying JavaScript’s type‑conversion rules step by step.
James M. Snell explains the fundamental differences between CommonJS and ES6 modules in Node.js, why loading and execution timing matter, the challenges of supporting both systems, and the roadmap for native ES6 module support.
This article explains what a physics engine is, compares real‑time and high‑precision engines, shows how games like CS:GO use them, and provides a thorough tutorial on installing, configuring, and programming the JavaScript 2D physics library Matter.js with code examples and debugging tools.
This article explains how the new ES decorator syntax enables reusable, non‑intrusive enhancements such as logging, timing, deprecation warnings, and API consistency across large JavaScript codebases, while improving readability and supporting static analysis.
This tutorial walks through creating a Chrome extension that automates page clicks to repeatedly refresh and purchase a Huawei Honor V9, covering element inspection, simulated clicks with timers, JavaScript fundamentals, packaging the extension, and additional handy scripts.
Through a detailed source‑code walkthrough, the article explains how Vuex injects the store via a global mixin, builds a hierarchical module tree, binds and implements dispatch and commit methods, enforces strict‑mode mutation checks with a hidden Vue instance, and enables time‑travel debugging by recording mutations and replacing state.
This article explains the fundamentals of WebAR, introduces WebRTC and its APIs, discusses browser compatibility, and provides step‑by‑step instructions for creating a basic WebAR prototype that captures camera video and overlays interactive content using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
The article reviews how JavaScript has expanded from the browser into server‑side, mobile, and desktop ecosystems in 2017, highlighting Node.js growth, the shift from Cordova to PWAs and native frameworks, and emerging uses in VR, chatbots, and IoT.
This tutorial walks you through analyzing the page structure, designing start, game, and end screens, and implementing the bird, obstacles, scoring, and game‑over logic using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, complete with code snippets and visual illustrations.
This article explains how to use native JavaScript, including getComputedStyle and custom utility functions, to accurately obtain the computed background-color of any DOM element while handling special cases such as display, opacity, and visibility without relying on libraries.
This article dissects the inner workings of jQuery’s Sizzle selector engine, explaining its tokenization, compilation, matcher generation, and performance optimizations, while offering practical tips for writing faster CSS selectors in modern web development.
This article walks through the core functionalities of the QQ Music mini‑program—including station launch, friend cards, guided login, playback controls, lyric scrolling, dynamic background colors, and error handling—while sharing implementation details, common bugs on Android and iOS, and practical fixes for developers building audio features in WeChat mini‑apps.
This article explains how Web Workers can off‑load heavy data processing in WebGL‑based map engines, covering worker creation, data serialization, transferable objects, optimal worker count, and real‑world performance gains, all illustrated with code snippets and diagrams.
This article explains how to recreate the native QQ image preview experience in H5 by leveraging AlloyFinger for gesture handling, transform.js for CSS3 transformations, and to.js for animation, covering page flipping, scaling, boundary detection, inertia, and bounce‑back techniques.
This article dissects the Sizzle.js source code, explaining its high performance, design choices such as native API usage, right‑to‑left parsing, tokenization, and modular analysis, while showing how studying its architecture can inform modern frontend framework development.
This tutorial walks beginners through creating a basic JavaScript calculator with addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, clear (AC), and delete (DEL) functions, explaining the HTML structure, CSS styling, and step‑by‑step JavaScript logic to implement the three core parts of the app.
This article demystifies JavaScript memory by explaining stack and heap concepts, variable objects, primitive and reference types, and the mark‑and‑sweep garbage‑collection algorithm, helping front‑end developers write more efficient code.
This guide explains how to create a basic augmented reality effect in a web page by capturing video with getUserMedia, detecting markers with jsaruco, and overlaying 2D or 3D objects using Canvas, Three.js or A‑Frame.
