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Long Connection

44 articles · Page 1 of 1
Xiaolin Talks Programming
Xiaolin Talks Programming
Aug 31, 2026 · Backend Development

Building a High-Performance TCP Long-Connection Gateway with Spring Boot and Netty: Protocol, Heartbeat & Cluster Broadcast

This article details integrating Netty with Spring Boot to build a scalable TCP long-connection gateway, covering binary protocol design with length-field framing, heartbeat detection using IdleStateHandler, session management with Redis and local maps, single-node and Redis Pub/Sub cluster push mechanisms, and performance tuning tips including Epoll transport and thread pool isolation.

EpollIoTLong Connection
0 likes · 25 min read
Building a High-Performance TCP Long-Connection Gateway with Spring Boot and Netty: Protocol, Heartbeat & Cluster Broadcast
Open Source Tech Hub
Open Source Tech Hub
May 18, 2025 · Backend Development

Build Real-Time TCP and WebSocket Services with GatewayWorker on Windows

This guide introduces GatewayWorker, a PHP‑based distributed TCP long-connection framework, explains its Gateway-Worker process model, and provides step-by-step Windows demo instructions for both TCP and WebSocket protocols, highlighting deployment, code changes, testing procedures, and suitable real-time communication scenarios.

BackendGatewayWorkerLong Connection
0 likes · 6 min read
Build Real-Time TCP and WebSocket Services with GatewayWorker on Windows
Bilibili Tech
Bilibili Tech
Apr 12, 2024 · Backend Development

Design and Optimization of a High‑Throughput Long‑Connection Service for Live Streaming

The article details a Golang‑based high‑throughput long‑connection service for live‑streaming, describing its five‑layer architecture, multi‑protocol support, load‑balancing, message‑queue decoupling, aggregation with brotli compression, multi‑region deployment, priority channels, and future enhancements for observability and intelligent endpoint selection.

Long ConnectionStreamingbackend architecture
0 likes · 16 min read
Design and Optimization of a High‑Throughput Long‑Connection Service for Live Streaming
Architecture & Thinking
Architecture & Thinking
Jan 28, 2024 · Backend Development

How Baidu’s Unified Long‑Connection Service Scales Millions of Real‑Time Connections

This article details Baidu’s internally built unified long‑connection service in Go, covering its motivation, architecture, functional implementation, performance optimizations, multi‑business support, deployment strategy, and lessons learned for delivering secure, high‑concurrency, low‑latency real‑time connectivity across mobile applications.

High ConcurrencyLong ConnectionReal-time messaging
0 likes · 21 min read
How Baidu’s Unified Long‑Connection Service Scales Millions of Real‑Time Connections
Baidu Geek Talk
Baidu Geek Talk
Jan 22, 2024 · Backend Development

Design and Implementation of Baidu's Unified Long‑Connection Service

Baidu’s Go‑based unified long‑connection service delivers secure, high‑concurrency, low‑latency connections for multiple Baidu apps through a four‑layer architecture (SDK, control, access, routing), employing goroutine pooling, two‑layer connection models and binary routing to support tens of millions of concurrent users and million‑level QPS, while simplifying integration and reducing maintenance costs.

High ConcurrencyLong Connectionbackend architecture
0 likes · 21 min read
Design and Implementation of Baidu's Unified Long‑Connection Service
Open Source Linux
Open Source Linux
Aug 14, 2023 · Fundamentals

Why Choose TCP Long Connections Over Short Ones? A Deep Dive

This article explains TCP connection basics, the three‑way handshake and four‑way termination, compares short and long connections, discusses keep‑alive mechanisms, and outlines when to use each approach in network and HTTP communication.

HTTPKeep-AliveLong Connection
0 likes · 12 min read
Why Choose TCP Long Connections Over Short Ones? A Deep Dive
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Aug 7, 2023 · Fundamentals

Short vs Long TCP Connections: When to Use Each and How to Keep Them Alive

TCP connections can be either short-lived, closing after a single request‑response cycle, or long-lived, staying open for multiple exchanges; this article explains their handshake processes, advantages, drawbacks, typical use cases, reasons long connections drop, and practical strategies such as keepalive and reconnection to maintain reliability.

Long ConnectionTCPhandshake
0 likes · 10 min read
Short vs Long TCP Connections: When to Use Each and How to Keep Them Alive
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Jul 18, 2023 · Fundamentals

Short vs Long TCP Connections: When and Why to Use Each

This article explains the fundamentals of TCP connections, detailing the three‑way handshake, four‑step termination, the differences between short‑lived and persistent (long) connections, their advantages, keep‑alive mechanisms, and practical guidelines for choosing the appropriate connection type in various network scenarios.

Keep-AliveLong ConnectionTCP
0 likes · 12 min read
Short vs Long TCP Connections: When and Why to Use Each
Baidu Geek Talk
Baidu Geek Talk
Jul 12, 2023 · Mobile Development

How Baidu’s iOS Long‑Connection SDK Powers Real‑Time Mobile Apps

This article examines the evolution of long‑connection technology for mobile apps, outlines Baidu’s unified long‑connection service architecture, details the iOS SDK’s design choices—including protocol selection, DNS optimization, token handling, heartbeat and reconnection mechanisms—and demonstrates its real‑time messaging use cases within the Baidu App.

Long ConnectionMobile NetworkingSDK
0 likes · 20 min read
How Baidu’s iOS Long‑Connection SDK Powers Real‑Time Mobile Apps
Xiao Lou's Tech Notes
Xiao Lou's Tech Notes
Oct 24, 2022 · Backend Development

Mastering Long-Connection Load Balancing: Strategies and Pitfalls

This article explains the differences between short and long connections, why long‑connection services need load balancing, and presents practical strategies for connection‑level balancing, handling server restarts, heterogeneous hardware, and scaling challenges.

BackendLong ConnectionServer Architecture
0 likes · 8 min read
Mastering Long-Connection Load Balancing: Strategies and Pitfalls
Wukong Talks Architecture
Wukong Talks Architecture
Aug 3, 2022 · Backend Development

How to Assemble a Service Registry: Requirements, Interfaces, and Technical Choices

This article explains how to assemble a production‑grade service registry by analyzing requirements, defining registration/discovery interfaces, comparing push and health‑check mechanisms, selecting long‑connection technologies, and choosing data‑storage and high‑availability strategies, all illustrated with JSON examples and design guidelines.

Long Connectionbackend architecturehealth-check
0 likes · 14 min read
How to Assemble a Service Registry: Requirements, Interfaces, and Technical Choices
Selected Java Interview Questions
Selected Java Interview Questions
May 24, 2022 · Backend Development

Implementing a Netty Cluster Long‑Connection Service with Redis Pub/Sub for Message Forwarding

This article explains how to build a high‑concurrency Netty long‑connection server cluster using Redis publish/subscribe to forward messages across nodes, detailing the background, technology choices, architecture, and implementation steps for a microservice‑based backend system.

Long ConnectionMessage ForwardingNetty
0 likes · 5 min read
Implementing a Netty Cluster Long‑Connection Service with Redis Pub/Sub for Message Forwarding
IT Architects Alliance
IT Architects Alliance
May 5, 2022 · Backend Development

How to Build a Million‑Connection Netty Server: Tips, Code, and Tuning

This article walks through the challenges and solutions for building a high‑performance long‑connection service with Netty, covering Netty basics, non‑blocking I/O, sample Java NIO and Netty code, Linux kernel tuning, QPS optimization, data‑structure tweaks, GC adjustments, and the final performance results.

GC TuningJava NIOLinux Tuning
0 likes · 14 min read
How to Build a Million‑Connection Netty Server: Tips, Code, and Tuning
BaiPing Technology
BaiPing Technology
Feb 14, 2022 · Mobile Development

How to Make Long‑TCP Connections as Simple as Short Requests on iOS

This article explains a technique for writing long‑TCP connection business code on mobile devices that is as efficient and concise as short‑link code, using request_id mapping, protobuf messages, and a lightweight SendCore layer with timeout handling.

Long ConnectionMobile NetworkingObjective-C++
0 likes · 10 min read
How to Make Long‑TCP Connections as Simple as Short Requests on iOS
vivo Internet Technology
vivo Internet Technology
Jan 12, 2022 · Backend Development

Vivo Push Notification Platform: Architecture Evolution and Engineering Practices

The article details Vivo’s push notification platform, describing its evolution from cloud‑based beginnings to a self‑built, three‑region architecture that supports over 1 million concurrent connections, billions of daily messages, and incorporates optimizations such as adaptive heartbeats, advanced load‑balancing, distributed caching, multi‑layer rate limiting, circuit‑breaker mechanisms, and comprehensive content security.

High ConcurrencyLong ConnectionPush Notification
0 likes · 16 min read
Vivo Push Notification Platform: Architecture Evolution and Engineering Practices
Top Architect
Top Architect
Jun 21, 2021 · Backend Development

Implementing High‑Performance Long‑Connection Services with Netty: Challenges and Optimizations

This article explains how to build a scalable long‑connection service using Netty, covering the underlying concepts, Linux kernel tuning, code examples for Java NIO and Netty, performance bottlenecks such as QPS, data‑structure and GC issues, and practical optimization techniques to achieve hundreds of thousands of concurrent connections.

High ConcurrencyJava NIOLinux Tuning
0 likes · 13 min read
Implementing High‑Performance Long‑Connection Services with Netty: Challenges and Optimizations
High Availability Architecture
High Availability Architecture
Mar 29, 2021 · Backend Development

Design and Implementation of a WebSocket Long‑Connection Gateway for Real‑Time Push

This article presents the design, implementation, and performance evaluation of a Netty‑based WebSocket long‑connection gateway that centralizes session management, decouples business logic, supports horizontal scaling, and provides monitoring and alerting for high‑throughput real‑time data push in iQIYI’s platform.

Distributed ArchitectureLong ConnectionNetty
0 likes · 12 min read
Design and Implementation of a WebSocket Long‑Connection Gateway for Real‑Time Push
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 1, 2021 · Backend Development

How to Build a Scalable WebSocket Long‑Connection Gateway with Netty

This article explains the challenges of server‑push in HTTP, reviews WebSocket as the mainstream solution, and details the design, implementation, session management, monitoring, and performance testing of a Netty‑based distributed WebSocket long‑connection gateway used at iQIYI.

Distributed ArchitectureLong ConnectionNetty
0 likes · 12 min read
How to Build a Scalable WebSocket Long‑Connection Gateway with Netty
iQIYI Technical Product Team
iQIYI Technical Product Team
Feb 26, 2021 · Backend Development

Design and Implementation of a WebSocket Long‑Connection Gateway for iQIYI Services

iQIYI built a Netty‑based WebSocket long‑connection gateway that centralizes session management, uses RocketMQ for cluster‑wide broadcast, provides a simple HTTP push API, scales horizontally to millions of connections, integrates Prometheus/Grafana monitoring, and dramatically cuts development effort for real‑time features such as comments and authentication.

Long ConnectionNettyRocketMQ
0 likes · 15 min read
Design and Implementation of a WebSocket Long‑Connection Gateway for iQIYI Services
Xianyu Technology
Xianyu Technology
Jan 21, 2021 · Backend Development

Optimizing Online IM Channel Stability in Xianyu

Xianyu improved its online IM channel stability by adding heartbeat‑based connection monitoring, rapid reconnection, ACK‑driven retry queues stored in Alibaba Cloud Table Store, and adaptive delay strategies, which together cut ACC compensation arrival time by 75% (from 60 to 15 minutes) and dramatically reduced user complaints.

IMLong ConnectionMessage Retransmission
0 likes · 14 min read
Optimizing Online IM Channel Stability in Xianyu
Top Architect
Top Architect
Jan 5, 2021 · Fundamentals

Understanding HTTP: Characteristics, Connection Management, and Performance Optimizations

This article explains the core characteristics of the HTTP protocol—including its flexibility, reliability, application‑layer nature, request‑response model, and statelessness—and then details short and long connection management, related header fields, head‑of‑line blocking, and practical performance‑enhancing techniques such as concurrent connections and domain sharding.

HTTPLong Connectionconnection management
0 likes · 17 min read
Understanding HTTP: Characteristics, Connection Management, and Performance Optimizations
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Jan 3, 2021 · Fundamentals

Why HTTP Still Rules: Key Features, Connection Types, and Performance Tips

This article explains HTTP's core characteristics—flexibility, reliability, application‑layer nature, request‑response model, and statelessness—then dives into short‑ and long‑connection management, head‑of‑line blocking, and practical optimization techniques such as concurrent connections and domain sharding.

HTTPLong Connectionconnection management
0 likes · 17 min read
Why HTTP Still Rules: Key Features, Connection Types, and Performance Tips
Java Architect Essentials
Java Architect Essentials
Sep 21, 2020 · Backend Development

Design and Implementation of a Scalable Long‑Connection Gateway

This article details the architecture, protocol design, permission control, reliability mechanisms, and scaling strategies of a long‑connection gateway built with OpenResty, Kafka, and Redis, illustrating how to share persistent connections across multiple business services while ensuring high performance and fault tolerance.

BackendKafkaLong Connection
0 likes · 13 min read
Design and Implementation of a Scalable Long‑Connection Gateway
Laravel Tech Community
Laravel Tech Community
Jul 13, 2020 · Backend Development

Implementing Real‑Time Communication with Workerman and GatewayWorker Using WebSocket in PHP

This tutorial explains how to use the Workerman PHP socket framework and GatewayWorker to replace HTTP long‑polling with WebSocket‑based real‑time communication, covering protocol basics, short vs. long connections, integration with MVC frameworks, and complete client‑ and server‑side code examples.

Long ConnectionPHPWebSocket
0 likes · 8 min read
Implementing Real‑Time Communication with Workerman and GatewayWorker Using WebSocket in PHP
58 Tech
58 Tech
Jun 17, 2020 · Backend Development

Hermes: A Lightweight, High‑Reliability Mobile Message Push System Based on MQTT and Protocol Buffers

The article presents Hermes, a lightweight and highly reliable mobile push system built with MQTT and Protocol Buffers, detailing its background, technology selection, architecture, heartbeat and reconnection strategies, future optimizations, and practical results that achieve over 99% message delivery rate.

Long ConnectionMQTTProtocol Buffers
0 likes · 16 min read
Hermes: A Lightweight, High‑Reliability Mobile Message Push System Based on MQTT and Protocol Buffers
Programmer DD
Programmer DD
Mar 26, 2020 · Backend Development

How Zhihu Built a Scalable Long‑Connection Gateway for Real‑Time Messaging

Zhihu’s infrastructure team designed a high‑performance, scalable long‑connection gateway that decouples business logic via publish‑subscribe, leverages OpenResty, Kafka, and Redis, implements fine‑grained ACL, sliding‑window flow control, and ensures message reliability and horizontal scalability for millions of concurrent devices.

KafkaLong ConnectionMessage reliability
0 likes · 15 min read
How Zhihu Built a Scalable Long‑Connection Gateway for Real‑Time Messaging
58 Tech
58 Tech
Dec 4, 2019 · Backend Development

Design and Practice of Billion‑User IM Long‑Connection Service at 58.com

The article summarizes the second 58.com instant‑messaging technology salon, detailing the architecture, high‑performance long‑connection design, multi‑thread socket models, read‑write diffusion storage strategies for single‑ and group‑chat, message synchronization mechanisms, and the IM SDK framework for audio‑video communication.

IMLong ConnectionMessage Storage
0 likes · 20 min read
Design and Practice of Billion‑User IM Long‑Connection Service at 58.com
Meitu Technology
Meitu Technology
Aug 29, 2019 · Backend Development

Memory Optimization in Long Connection Services: A Three-Year Journey

Over three years, Meitu’s long‑connection service “bifrost,” built in Go with MQTT, cut memory use from 22.3 GB to 5.1 GB for 210 k connections—and about 10 GB for a million—by tuning buffers, reducing allocations, employing memory pools, and replacing a goroutine‑per‑connection model with an epoll‑driven event architecture.

Garbage CollectionGoLong Connection
0 likes · 13 min read
Memory Optimization in Long Connection Services: A Three-Year Journey
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Jun 10, 2019 · Backend Development

Design and Implementation of Zhihu's Long Connection Gateway

This article explains how Zhihu designed a scalable long‑connection gateway that decouples business logic via a publish‑subscribe model, implements ACL‑based authorization, ensures message reliability with acknowledgments and sliding windows, and leverages OpenResty, Redis, and Kafka for load‑balanced, fault‑tolerant backend services.

KafkaLong Connectiongateway
0 likes · 13 min read
Design and Implementation of Zhihu's Long Connection Gateway
Mafengwo Technology
Mafengwo Technology
Feb 21, 2019 · Backend Development

How MaFengWo Scaled Its Custom Travel Platform with Multi‑Order Grabbing and Real‑Time Matching

The article explains how MaFengWo built a custom travel transaction system that uses multi‑order distribution, a grab‑pool message queue, concurrency‑controlled locking, and long‑connection notifications to efficiently match personalized travel requests with multiple suppliers, boosting conversion rates and platform performance.

Long Connectionconcurrency controlcustom travel
0 likes · 9 min read
How MaFengWo Scaled Its Custom Travel Platform with Multi‑Order Grabbing and Real‑Time Matching
Meitu Technology
Meitu Technology
Apr 23, 2018 · Backend Development

Design and Evolution of Live Streaming Bullet Comment System: From HTTP Polling to Long Connection

Meipai’s live‑stream bullet‑comment platform progressed from an initial HTTP‑polling design supporting one million users, through a high‑availability dual‑room architecture, to a scalable long‑connection system with gRPC routing, dynamic degradation, and caching, solving message ordering, Redis bottlenecks, and ensuring seamless user experience.

Long ConnectionReal-time messagingRedis
0 likes · 11 min read
Design and Evolution of Live Streaming Bullet Comment System: From HTTP Polling to Long Connection
JD Retail Technology
JD Retail Technology
Apr 18, 2018 · Information Security

Secure One‑Time Token Design for Long‑Connection Services

The article explains the challenges of protecting long‑connection services from abuse and presents a one‑time secure token architecture—including gateway SDK, token generation, Redis caching, and verification modules—to ensure authentication, prevent replay attacks, and improve service robustness.

AuthenticationBackendLong Connection
0 likes · 10 min read
Secure One‑Time Token Design for Long‑Connection Services
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Dec 1, 2017 · Mobile Development

Long Connection Architecture and Implementation in Android Clients

This article explains the principles of TCP long connections, compares NIO and BIO models, and describes how Android applications can implement and share persistent connections using AIDL, process sharing, and a dedicated SDK to support push, IM, and other real‑time services.

AndroidLong ConnectionMobile Development
0 likes · 8 min read
Long Connection Architecture and Implementation in Android Clients
Meituan Technology Team
Meituan Technology Team
Mar 17, 2017 · Mobile Development

High-Availability Mobile Network Optimization: Short and Long Connection Strategies

Meituan‑Dianping’s high‑availability mobile network optimization combines short‑connection tactics—domain merging and IP‑direct selection—to cut DNS lookups, with a proxy‑long‑link architecture (CIP and Tencent WNS) that provides DNS‑independent, multiplexed TCP links, improving latency, success rates, and offering fallback mechanisms for robust app performance.

HTTP/2Long ConnectionMobile Networking
0 likes · 17 min read
High-Availability Mobile Network Optimization: Short and Long Connection Strategies
21CTO
21CTO
Jan 6, 2016 · Fundamentals

Understanding HTTP and TCP/IP: Long vs Short Connections Explained

This article explains how HTTP relies on TCP/IP, clarifies the stateless nature of HTTP, and compares long and short connections—including their TCP handshakes, keep‑alive mechanisms, advantages, disadvantages, and appropriate usage scenarios for web and database communications.

HTTPLong ConnectionTCP/IP
0 likes · 9 min read
Understanding HTTP and TCP/IP: Long vs Short Connections Explained
21CTO
21CTO
Nov 16, 2015 · Fundamentals

Understanding HTTP vs TCP: Long vs Short Connections Explained

This article explains how HTTP relies on TCP/IP, clarifies the stateless nature of HTTP, and compares long‑lasting persistent connections with short‑lived ones, covering their handshakes, advantages, disadvantages, and appropriate usage scenarios.

HTTPLong ConnectionTCP
0 likes · 9 min read
Understanding HTTP vs TCP: Long vs Short Connections Explained
ITPUB
ITPUB
Nov 9, 2015 · Fundamentals

Why HTTP Uses Long vs Short Connections: Statelessness & TCP/IP Basics

This article explains how HTTP relies on TCP/IP, clarifies the stateless nature of HTTP, compares short and long connections in HTTP/1.0 and HTTP/1.1, and discusses the advantages, disadvantages, and appropriate use cases for each connection type.

HTTPLong ConnectionTCP
0 likes · 9 min read
Why HTTP Uses Long vs Short Connections: Statelessness & TCP/IP Basics
High Availability Architecture
High Availability Architecture
Aug 24, 2015 · Backend Development

Design and Performance Considerations of 360's Long‑Connection Push System Using Go

This article details the architecture, key performance metrics, and optimization strategies of 360’s high‑availability long‑connection push system built with Go, covering connection capacity, memory usage, throughput, deployment components, client SDK considerations, and operational challenges such as GC pauses and load balancing.

GoLong ConnectionPush System
0 likes · 24 min read
Design and Performance Considerations of 360's Long‑Connection Push System Using Go
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Aug 4, 2015 · Fundamentals

Long vs Short Connections: When to Use Each in TCP/IP Programming

This article explains the differences between long and short TCP/IP connections, outlines three major communication models (server/client, connection type, and send/receive mode), describes synchronous and asynchronous transmission, and reviews various message formats and read/write strategies to help developers design robust network programs.

Long ConnectionSynchronousTCP/IP
0 likes · 6 min read
Long vs Short Connections: When to Use Each in TCP/IP Programming