This comprehensive guide explains Docker's six network modes, their technical characteristics, suitable use‑cases, step‑by‑step configuration commands, performance considerations, security hardening, troubleshooting techniques, and monitoring practices for production‑grade container networking.
This guide walks through installing Docker on Debian hosts, creating a Docker Swarm manager and worker nodes, configuring overlay and bridge networks, deploying Portainer for visual management in both single‑node and swarm modes, launching container services, scaling them, and implementing load‑balanced Nginx services.
This article explains the fundamentals of physical networking layers, introduces cloud networking concepts such as VPC, overlay and underlay, and discusses how high‑performance technologies like RDMA and ACCL are evolving to support AI large‑model training in modern cloud environments.
This guide explains Docker networking fundamentals, compares bridge, host, none, and overlay networks, shows how to create and manage custom networks, connect containers, expose services, and troubleshoot common issues, providing practical commands and optimization tips for reliable container communication.
This article explains the network interruption issues of VM live migration in 360's VPC overlay (V1), analyzes the root causes, and presents a V2 redesign that eliminates downtime through pre‑loaded forwarding policies, traffic redirection, and streamlined component collaboration.
This article reviews a technical sharing session that explains the characteristics, advantages and drawbacks of Overlay and Underlay networking, discusses hybrid network challenges and Multus modes, and presents Kube‑OVN’s solution for seamless integration of both network types in Kubernetes environments.
This guide walks through installing Docker on Debian hosts, creating a Swarm cluster, exposing required ports, visualizing the cluster with Portainer, deploying sample services, scaling them, and implementing load balancing with Nginx, all illustrated with command snippets and screenshots.
This article explains the VXLAN protocol, its advantages over VLAN, the underlying encapsulation process, essential configuration commands, and hands‑on demos using Linux network namespaces, multicast groups, and bridge networking to build scalable overlay networks for cloud environments.
This article explains the design and implementation of Alibaba's Hybridnet CNI plugin, covering its background, goals, CRD model, overlay‑underlay coexistence, policy‑routing data plane, VXLAN, VLAN and BGP modes, and how CNStack leverages it for universal cloud‑native deployments.
This article compares VLAN and VXLAN, explaining their architectures, benefits, limitations, and suitable scenarios, and helps readers decide which technology best fits their data‑center networking needs.
This guide walks through Docker's container networking options, explaining container mode sharing, building and testing overlay networks with Consul, and configuring Macvlan networks for cross‑host communication, complete with step‑by‑step commands and visual diagrams.
The article compares VXLAN and MPLS, explaining their underlying virtualization concepts, cost and operational differences, and demonstrates why VXLAN is increasingly favored over MPLS for metro‑area and wide‑area network deployments due to lower hardware costs, simpler engineering, and flexible overlay capabilities.
This article outlines a dual‑stack overlay/underlay cloud‑native network design using Kube‑OVN, addressing banks' high‑availability, security, and performance challenges while providing a practical migration path from traditional IaaS to container‑based infrastructure.
The article explains how Kube‑OVN can create a flexible, efficient, and secure cross‑Kubernetes‑cluster network plane to meet user demands such as high availability, multi‑cloud separation, disaster‑recovery, and hybrid‑cloud compliance, and demonstrates its use with TiDB, MySQL, and WordPress workloads.
This article explains the fundamentals of Linux routing, why routing is required for containers and overlay networks, how the kernel selects routes when sending and receiving packets, and provides practical commands and code examples for configuring and testing routing tables in cloud‑native environments.
The article provides a comprehensive overview of Kube-OVN, a powerful Kubernetes CNI plugin that leverages OVS to deliver enterprise‑grade overlay and underlay networking, multi‑NIC management, security policies, performance tuning, and monitoring, while also outlining its architecture, usage steps, and community resources.
This article explains the concepts, mechanisms, and trade‑offs of Overlay and Underlay network models for container networking in Kubernetes, covering VXLAN, MAC VLAN, IP VLAN, and direct‑routing approaches with practical examples and configuration details.
This article explains the concepts and differences between Overlay and Underlay network models for container environments, covering VXLAN tunneling, VTEP devices, MAC VLAN and IP VLAN modes, and direct routing approaches, while highlighting their advantages, limitations, and practical implementations in Kubernetes.
This article explains the fundamentals of Kubernetes container networking, covering the network stack, bridge, veth pairs, host networking, ARP resolution, and then dives into cross‑host communication methods, comparing Overlay solutions such as Flannel and Calico with Underlay approaches like BGP, illustrated with concrete commands and diagrams.
This article explains the fundamentals of VXLAN, why it is preferred over VLAN, and provides a step‑by‑step guide on configuring Flannel in VXLAN mode within a Kubernetes cluster to achieve cross‑node pod communication.
Flannel, a Kubernetes CNI plugin, creates a host overlay network using VXLAN to assign unique virtual IPs to pods, encapsulate traffic, and coordinate routing via etcd, with detailed explanations of its components, packet flow, and underlying Linux networking mechanisms.
This guide explains how Flannel works as a Kubernetes CNI overlay network, detailing its VXLAN mode, the roles of cni0, flannel.1 and flanneld, routing and FDB handling, and provides command‑line examples to trace pod‑to‑pod traffic across nodes.
This article explains why Kubernetes requires an overlay network, describes Docker’s virtual bridge limitations, introduces Flannel’s architecture and its three data‑forwarding modes—UDP, VXLAN, and host‑gw—detailing their mechanisms, performance trade‑offs, and how the StarRing TCOS platform leverages these modes for different cluster sizes and network topologies.
This article explains how Docker implements container networking using Linux network namespaces, Veth pair devices, bridge interfaces, routing tables, and ARP, demonstrating container-to-container communication on a single host and discussing the limitations of bridge mode for multi‑host scenarios.
This article explains the concept of overlay networks, their implementation with VxLAN, how they enable virtual machine migration, reduce MAC address pressure, and provide large‑scale network isolation in cloud environments, while detailing packet processing steps and design trade‑offs.
This article explains Cisco's VXLAN flood‑and‑learn spine‑and‑leaf architecture, covering its standards compliance, encapsulation format, underlay and overlay network design, multicast and ingress replication, host discovery, routing, and multi‑tenant support for both Layer 2 and Layer 3 environments.
This article explains how UCloud’s internal VIP solution provides second‑level failover for high‑availability services in cloud overlay networks, detailing traditional approaches, the evolution of broadcast mechanisms, and real‑world use cases such as e‑commerce payment systems and database services.
iQIYI’s SD‑WAN‑based Network Acceleration Platform builds an overlay over the existing underlay, separating business control, routing, and data‑forwarding layers to provide automated, policy‑driven acceleration for physical hosts, virtual machines and other services, while offering flexible inter‑node routing, unified management, and fault‑tolerant, QoS‑aware path selection.
This article explains Rancher's use of the CNI specification to build IPsec and VXLAN overlay networks, details the evolution of container networking models, and describes how to configure a flat network using custom bridges and ebtables rules for seamless container communication.
The presentation reviews Alibaba's ongoing transition to a large‑scale, SDN‑driven data‑center network using OpenFlow hybrid switches, VXLAN overlay, automated deployment, and discusses the challenges, solutions, and future directions for network elasticity, hybrid cloud integration, and standardization.
