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Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Jan 1, 2024 · Fundamentals

Understanding SSD Architecture: Blocks, Pages, Wear Leveling, and Data Protection

This article explains the core components and operation of SSDs—including controllers, NAND flash, block and page structures, program/erase cycles, garbage collection, wear‑leveling strategies, bad‑block handling, data‑redundancy mechanisms, namespace concepts, over‑provisioning, and key reliability metrics—providing a comprehensive technical overview for storage engineers.

Data ProtectionGarbage CollectionNAND Flash
0 likes · 12 min read
Understanding SSD Architecture: Blocks, Pages, Wear Leveling, and Data Protection
Liangxu Linux
Liangxu Linux
Oct 2, 2023 · Fundamentals

Understanding Linux Ext Filesystem, RAID Types, and LVM Basics

This article explains the structure of Linux Ext2/3/4 filesystems, the role of superblocks and block groups, compares hardware and software RAID implementations with mdadm, and introduces LVM for flexible storage management, highlighting their benefits and limitations.

Ext filesystemLVMRAID
0 likes · 4 min read
Understanding Linux Ext Filesystem, RAID Types, and LVM Basics
Architects Research Society
Architects Research Society
Dec 5, 2022 · Fundamentals

Differences Between File, Block, and Object Storage and Why Object Storage Suits the Data Explosion

As global data volumes surge toward 163 zettabytes by 2025, traditional file and block storage struggle to scale, making object storage—offering unique IDs, metadata binding, and effortless scalability—the preferred solution for handling massive, mostly unstructured data in modern cloud environments.

Data GrowthStorage Fundamentalsblock storage
0 likes · 9 min read
Differences Between File, Block, and Object Storage and Why Object Storage Suits the Data Explosion
Java High-Performance Architecture
Java High-Performance Architecture
Oct 25, 2021 · Fundamentals

Why cp Copies a 100GB File Instantly: Sparse Files & Inode Indexing Explained

A colleague was amazed when the cp command copied a 100 GB file in less than a second, prompting an investigation that reveals the difference between logical file size and physical block usage, the role of inodes, direct and indirect block indexing, and how sparse files make such copies appear instantaneous.

Storage Fundamentalsblock indexingcp command
0 likes · 12 min read
Why cp Copies a 100GB File Instantly: Sparse Files & Inode Indexing Explained
Programmer DD
Programmer DD
Oct 10, 2021 · Fundamentals

Why Does cp Copy a 100 GB Sparse File in Under a Second?

This article explains why copying a seemingly 100 GB file with the cp command finishes almost instantly by exploring sparse files, the difference between file size and physical block usage, inode structures, multi‑level block indexing, and how modern file systems efficiently manage storage.

Storage Fundamentalscp commandfile system
0 likes · 12 min read
Why Does cp Copy a 100 GB Sparse File in Under a Second?
Efficient Ops
Efficient Ops
Aug 2, 2020 · Fundamentals

Understanding Modern Data Storage: From Hard Disks to NAS and SAN

This article explains the fundamentals of data storage, covering hard‑disk hardware, internal structures, logical volumes, file systems, and the differences between direct‑attached, network‑attached, and storage‑area network solutions.

Logical VolumeNASSAN
0 likes · 10 min read
Understanding Modern Data Storage: From Hard Disks to NAS and SAN
360 Zhihui Cloud Developer
360 Zhihui Cloud Developer
Dec 22, 2016 · Fundamentals

Uncovering Disk History: From IBM 334 to Modern 4K Alignment

An in‑depth look at the evolution of hard‑disk technology—from IBM’s 1973 Winchester drive to modern 4 KB sector formats—covering disk structure, CHS geometry, fdisk analysis, and the importance of 4K alignment for performance and compatibility.

4K alignmentAdvanced FormatCHS geometry
0 likes · 10 min read
Uncovering Disk History: From IBM 334 to Modern 4K Alignment