Key Findings from the 2023 Stack Overflow Developer Survey

Stack Overflow released its 2023 Developer Survey, with over 90,000 respondents, covering developer demographics, technology usage, AI adoption, and career insights.

Most popular programming language: JavaScript held the top spot for the 11th consecutive year, while Python moved up to the third position, surpassing SQL. Go and Rust also saw increased usage.

Highest‑earning language: Zig topped the salary chart with a median annual income of $103,611, while Clojure fell to fifth place.

Most popular database: PostgreSQL overtook MySQL to become the leading database, used by 49.09% of professional developers; MySQL remains second, followed by SQLite and DynamoDB.

Top web frameworks and technologies: Node.js and React.js are the most widely used web technologies, with comparable adoption among professionals; other popular choices include jQuery, Express, Angular, Next.js, and Vue.js.

Preferred IDE: Visual Studio Code continued to dominate, increasing its usage rate from 75% to 81% among respondents.

Most popular AI search tool: ChatGPT was used by 83% of developers, followed by Bing AI, WolframAlpha, and Google Bard.

Most popular AI development tool: GitHub Copilot led with 55% adoption, with Tabnine and AWS CodeWhisperer trailing.

Trust in AI tools: Only about 3% of users highly trust AI accuracy, while roughly 6% have very low trust; 39% express moderate trust.

AI usage scenarios: The majority use AI to assist code writing, with other uses including debugging, documentation, learning codebases, and testing.

Future expectations: Both professional developers and learners anticipate that AI tools will noticeably change development workflows within a year.

For the full report, visit https://survey.stackoverflow.co/2023/ .