Dedicated to sharing programmer-architect skills—Java backend, system, microservice, and distributed architectures—to help you become a senior architect.
This article explores eight ways to implement asynchronous programming in Java, including Thread, Future, CompletableFuture, Spring @Async, ApplicationEvent, message queues, Hutool ThreadUtil, and Guava ListenableFuture, with code examples and trade-offs for each approach.
This article explains why silent token refresh is needed to prevent sudden logouts, demonstrates backend automatic token renewal using Java JWT (jjwt 0.9.1) with Maven dependencies, details the dual-token (AT/RT) frontend pattern for security and convenience, and discusses handling edge cases like long-idle form submissions that cause 401 errors.
This article explains software scaffolding as a meta-programming approach that generates boilerplate code, details why principles like reuse, DRY, and open-closed make scaffolding essential, and compares tools like Vue CLI, Maven, Netty, and Spring Boot with a real-world case study of replacing a custom persistence layer with Spring Data.
This article explains why database indexes accelerate queries by detailing disk storage mechanics, demonstrating binary search on 100,000 records reducing block scans from 20,000 to 14, covering clustered vs non-clustered indexes, index trade-offs, common failure cases like OR conditions, and practical SQL optimization techniques.
This article compares four Java local caching solutions — ConcurrentHashMap, Guava Cache, Caffeine, and Ehcache — detailing their features, performance characteristics, and code examples, while addressing cache consistency challenges in two-level cache architectures using MQ or Canal for synchronization.
This article explains how to implement pagination using Redis Sorted Sets (ZSet) and multi-condition fuzzy queries using Hash with HSCAN, then combines both by caching filtered results in pattern-keyed ZSets for efficient paginated retrieval, including TTL-based expiration and data freshness strategies.
This guide walks through setting up Spring Boot Admin for monitoring Spring Boot applications, covering server and client configuration, security setup, custom alerting, and microservices integration with Nacos service discovery.
This article explains distributed tracing concepts, the OpenTracing standard, and how SkyWalking implements automatic span collection, context propagation, unique trace IDs via Snowflake, and adaptive sampling to minimize performance overhead.
The article benchmarks multiple approaches for inserting 300,000 records into MySQL, showing that naive single inserts take over 4 hours, while optimized batched inserts using MyBatis or JDBC with proper batch sizes (1000–5000) and transaction management achieve 13–24 seconds, and summarizes key optimization strategies.
This article explains five Java thread communication methods—volatile flag, Object wait/notify, CountDownLatch, ReentrantLock with Condition, and LockSupport—with runnable code examples showing how each coordinates a producer thread adding items and a consumer thread triggered at the fifth addition.
