Dedicated to sharing programmer-architect skills—Java backend, system, microservice, and distributed architectures—to help you become a senior architect.
This article explains Java's built‑in Service Provider Interface (SPI) mechanism, demonstrates how to create and load SPI implementations with ServiceLoader, and then shows how Spring extends SPI using spring.factories with detailed code examples and source‑code analysis.
This article explains the concepts, purposes, and mechanisms of TCP keepalive and HTTP keepalive, detailing kernel parameters, timing intervals, and how they prevent half‑open connections, along with practical commands, configuration tips for servers like Nginx and Gunicorn, and the interaction between the two layers.
This article outlines key API security mechanisms—including encryption, signing, timestamp validation, AppId authentication, rate limiting, blacklist control, and data validation—and provides practical Java code examples and implementation guidelines for each technique.
This guide presents 22 practical best‑practice rules for designing consistent, resource‑oriented RESTful APIs, covering naming conventions, URL structure, parameter casing, versioning, monitoring endpoints, security measures, pagination, field selection, CORS, error handling, and more, with concrete code examples.
This article explains why rate limiting is essential for both physical venues and online services, outlines common throttling strategies such as circuit breaking, service degradation, delay processing, and privilege handling, compares caching, degradation, and limiting, and details popular algorithms and concrete code examples for implementing rate limiting in Java and Nginx/Lua environments.
This article explains eight common software architecture patterns—from single‑database apps to microservices, caching, sharding, elastic scaling and multi‑datacenter deployment—detailing their designs, typical use cases, advantages, drawbacks, and practical implementation steps.
Learn how to seamlessly convert uploaded .docx files to PDF in a Spring Boot application using the pure‑Java docx4j library, covering solution comparison, Maven dependencies, a utility class, controller implementation, and Windows/Linux font‑encoding fixes for reliable, high‑fidelity document rendering.
This article surveys common microservice design patterns—including decomposition, integration, event‑driven, cross‑cutting concerns, and observability—explaining their goals, trade‑offs, and practical implementation steps to help architects build scalable, resilient backend systems.
This comprehensive guide demystifies Git by explaining its distributed architecture, file states, commit nodes, HEAD, remote repositories, and essential commands for adding, committing, branching, merging, rebasing, cherry-picking, and reverting, empowering developers to confidently manage code history and collaborate effectively.
The article examines design patterns as a mid‑level code standard, explores why they often feel out of place in everyday business development, analyzes performance, class‑explosion, team skill, project environment, agile timing, and turnover issues, and offers concrete steps to maintain sustainable code quality.
