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Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Mar 13, 2017 · Databases

Evolution of an LNMP Architecture: From a Single Server to a Scalable Multi‑Node Deployment

This article chronicles the step‑by‑step evolution of a LNMP‑based website, detailing how increasing traffic drove architectural changes such as separating web and database servers, adding memcached, implementing MySQL master‑slave replication, load balancing, NFS sharing, and finally integrating NoSQL caching to handle millions of daily visits.

LNMPNoSQLarchitecture
0 likes · 10 min read
Evolution of an LNMP Architecture: From a Single Server to a Scalable Multi‑Node Deployment
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Mar 3, 2017 · Product Management

Why Product Operations and Marketing Are Essential Skills for Architects

This article explains why product operation and marketing are essential skills for architects, describing how the rise of mobile internet, big data, and cloud computing creates new platforms for product lifecycle management, and urging engineers to integrate market analysis into design and planning.

Digital TransformationMarketingarchitecture
0 likes · 4 min read
Why Product Operations and Marketing Are Essential Skills for Architects
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Feb 27, 2017 · Fundamentals

25 Essential Principles to Master Software Model Design

The article outlines twenty‑five practical principles for becoming an excellent software model designer, emphasizing the importance of people over technology, thorough requirement analysis, humility, low coupling, high cohesion, portability, scalability, performance, proper documentation, and continuous learning to build robust, maintainable systems.

Modelingarchitecturesoftware design
0 likes · 14 min read
25 Essential Principles to Master Software Model Design
Meituan Technology Team
Meituan Technology Team
Feb 24, 2017 · Operations

Improvements and Architecture of Mt-Falcon Monitoring System

Mt‑Falcon, Meituan’s re‑engineered successor to Zabbix, introduces a modular architecture—Agent, Transfer, HBS, Judge, Graph, Alarm, Portal—and extensive refactorings that boost memory efficiency, asynchronous data handling, multi‑condition alerts, and API exposure, enabling over one million QPS, 200 million metrics, and robust, scalable monitoring across the company.

Alertingarchitecturemonitoring
0 likes · 24 min read
Improvements and Architecture of Mt-Falcon Monitoring System
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Feb 19, 2017 · Fundamentals

Why Software Architectures Decay Over Time and How to Mitigate It

This article examines why long‑running software projects experience architectural decay, the limitations of new frameworks, and presents practical solutions such as environment upgrades, phased and distributed builds, refactoring into isolated components, and adopting modular, loosely‑coupled platform‑plus‑application designs to sustain development productivity.

Build Optimizationarchitecturecontinuous integration
0 likes · 22 min read
Why Software Architectures Decay Over Time and How to Mitigate It
21CTO
21CTO
Feb 18, 2017 · Frontend Development

Why Front‑End/Back‑End Separation Fails and How to Do It Right

This article examines common misconceptions and pitfalls of front‑end/back‑end separation, explains why proper preparation and clear API design are essential, and outlines practical steps—from project planning to testing and deployment—to implement a successful separation strategy in modern web development.

APIBackendWeb Development
0 likes · 6 min read
Why Front‑End/Back‑End Separation Fails and How to Do It Right
Qudian (formerly Qufenqi) Technology Team
Qudian (formerly Qufenqi) Technology Team
Jan 18, 2017 · Operations

Building a Scalable Business Monitoring System: Architecture, Modules & Lessons

This article presents a comprehensive case study of a business monitoring system, covering its background, architectural analysis, module design, time‑series database selection, visualization with Grafana, alerting strategies, decision‑making logic, and intelligent monitoring experiments, followed by key takeaways and lessons learned.

GrafanaInfluxDBOperations
0 likes · 12 min read
Building a Scalable Business Monitoring System: Architecture, Modules & Lessons
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Jan 16, 2017 · Backend Development

Scaling a FinTech Platform to $100B Transactions with Four Overhauls

Over three years, a small fintech company transformed its platform from a single‑server PHP/Java stack to a micro‑service‑based Spring Cloud architecture, undergoing four major upgrades that introduced distributed systems, SOA governance, big‑data pipelines, MongoDB replication, Redis caching, and open‑source tools, enabling transaction volumes exceeding one hundred billion.

Big DataFinTechMicroservices
1 likes · 15 min read
Scaling a FinTech Platform to $100B Transactions with Four Overhauls
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Jan 9, 2017 · Big Data

How Alibaba Scaled Real‑Time Data Processing for Double 11: Architecture & Lessons

This article details Alibaba's real‑time computing architecture for the 2016 Double 11 event, covering background, core components such as DRC, TT, Galaxy, OTS, XTool and OneService, and explains optimization techniques, fault‑tolerance strategies, stress‑testing practices, and future upgrade plans to handle massive streaming data workloads.

Big DataReal‑Time Computingarchitecture
0 likes · 14 min read
How Alibaba Scaled Real‑Time Data Processing for Double 11: Architecture & Lessons
Meituan Technology Team
Meituan Technology Team
Jan 5, 2017 · Frontend Development

Frontend Engineering Practices: Meituan's App-Proto Framework

Meituan’s Xiamen frontend team created the app‑proto framework— a convention‑over‑configuration, self‑contained system that separates a Node data‑proxy/routing layer, a pure web interaction layer, and operational tooling—enabling mock‑first development, incremental technology adoption, modular replaceability, and automated CI/CD with Docker for fast, reliable merchant‑facing single‑page tools.

DataSourcesapp-protoarchitecture
0 likes · 16 min read
Frontend Engineering Practices: Meituan's App-Proto Framework
Aotu Lab
Aotu Lab
Dec 30, 2016 · Frontend Development

Revamping JD.com’s Homepage: Athena Front‑End Architecture & Performance Hacks

This article details how JD.com rebuilt its 2016 homepage using the Athena front‑end engineering suite, covering overall architecture, unified development workflow, performance and experience optimizations, reliability mechanisms, data‑driven monitoring, and future directions such as static pre‑loading and architectural upgrades.

JD.comToolingarchitecture
0 likes · 28 min read
Revamping JD.com’s Homepage: Athena Front‑End Architecture & Performance Hacks
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Dec 25, 2016 · Backend Development

How Xianyu Scaled from Zero to Millions: Architecture Secrets of Alibaba’s Community Marketplace

In this talk, Alibaba senior wireless expert Sun Bing details Xianyu's journey from a small startup to a massive P2P community, revealing the evolving technical architecture, key design principles, dynamic front‑end/back‑end integration, service‑bus implementation, and data‑driven strategies that powered its rapid growth.

AlibabaXianyuarchitecture
0 likes · 22 min read
How Xianyu Scaled from Zero to Millions: Architecture Secrets of Alibaba’s Community Marketplace
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Dec 12, 2016 · Backend Development

Designing a Scalable Insurance O2O Platform: Architecture, Services, and Data Strategies

This article explores how to build a high‑traffic insurance O2O platform for tens of millions of users by emphasizing simple micro‑service architecture, detailed functional requirements, performance targets, distributed storage, caching, service registration, and a practical technology stack for reliable, extensible backend development.

InsuranceMicroservicesarchitecture
0 likes · 19 min read
Designing a Scalable Insurance O2O Platform: Architecture, Services, and Data Strategies
High Availability Architecture
High Availability Architecture
Nov 11, 2016 · Backend Development

Building a Large-Scale Transaction Platform: Architecture, Organization, and Lessons Learned

The article shares a detailed case study of constructing a high‑availability transaction platform for a major travel website, covering team organization, requirement analysis, architectural design, core modules such as search, order creation, and payment, as well as design principles, async processing, and post‑release reflections.

BackendScalabilityTransaction Platform
0 likes · 12 min read
Building a Large-Scale Transaction Platform: Architecture, Organization, and Lessons Learned
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Nov 3, 2016 · Industry Insights

Scaling Billion‑Level Ads: Architecture Lessons from Sogou’s Senior Engineer

In this interview, Sogou architect Liu Jian shares how his team built a highly available, scalable commercial advertising platform, discusses the evolution of its infrastructure, offers practical advice for engineers aspiring to become architects, and reflects on emerging technologies and time‑management strategies.

Big DataDistributed SystemsSogou
0 likes · 10 min read
Scaling Billion‑Level Ads: Architecture Lessons from Sogou’s Senior Engineer
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Nov 1, 2016 · Frontend Development

How JD.com Scales Its Homepage: Frontend Architecture, Static Rendering, and Engineering Practices

This article details JD.com senior frontend architect Liu Wei's presentation on the challenges of a high‑traffic e‑commerce homepage and explains the static page generation pipeline, overall JS/CSS architecture, floor‑by‑floor loading strategy, disaster‑recovery measures, performance optimizations, and the JDF engineering toolchain that supports modular development and rapid deployment.

EngineeringStatic Renderingarchitecture
0 likes · 19 min read
How JD.com Scales Its Homepage: Frontend Architecture, Static Rendering, and Engineering Practices
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Oct 30, 2016 · Mobile Development

How Mobile Taobao Scaled to 100M DAU: Architecture Evolution and Lessons

From its 2009 launch with a simple WAP site to handling over 100 million daily active users, Mobile Taobao’s architecture evolved through four stages—introducing API gateways, HTML5/WebApp integration, Bundle deployment, and the PackageApp system—while building comprehensive R&D, testing, operations, and release support.

Mobile Developmentapi-gatewayarchitecture
0 likes · 14 min read
How Mobile Taobao Scaled to 100M DAU: Architecture Evolution and Lessons
Meituan Technology Team
Meituan Technology Team
Oct 28, 2016 · Big Data

Design and Architecture of the CAT Real-Time Monitoring System

The CAT real‑time monitoring system, open‑sourced in 2014 for Java applications, combines a lightweight ThreadLocal‑based client SDK, Netty‑driven asynchronous transport, and a highly scalable backend that processes ~100 TB of logs daily across 70 machines, using custom binary serialization, in‑memory modeling, segmented storage with 48‑bit indexing, and hourly aggregation to provide near‑full‑volume fault detection, localization, and performance analysis.

Distributed SystemsReal-Timearchitecture
0 likes · 18 min read
Design and Architecture of the CAT Real-Time Monitoring System
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Oct 15, 2016 · Operations

How E‑Commerce Platforms Achieve High Availability and Scalability: Architecture Practices

This article outlines comprehensive e‑commerce platform architecture practices—including caching strategies, indexing, parallel and distributed computing, load balancing, sharding, high availability, monitoring, resource optimization, and messaging—to improve system performance, scalability, and reliability under high concurrency.

Distributed Systemsarchitecturecaching
0 likes · 28 min read
How E‑Commerce Platforms Achieve High Availability and Scalability: Architecture Practices
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Oct 12, 2016 · Frontend Development

Scalable JavaScript Single-Page Application Architecture Using Angular2, RxJS, and NgRx

This article describes a scalable architecture for large Angular2 single‑page applications, covering communication layers, predictable state management with Redux/NgRx, modular design, lazy loading, dependency injection, and provides code examples illustrating models, components, and services for both single‑player and multiplayer scenarios.

AngularNgRxSPA
0 likes · 12 min read
Scalable JavaScript Single-Page Application Architecture Using Angular2, RxJS, and NgRx
Ctrip Technology
Ctrip Technology
Sep 2, 2016 · Big Data

Why Druid? Architecture, Indexing, Use Cases, and Lessons Learned

This article introduces Druid as an open‑source, distributed column‑store OLAP engine, explains its architecture and indexing mechanisms, discusses real‑time and batch data ingestion for order analytics at Qunar, compares it with other engines, and shares practical tips and pitfalls.

CaravelDruidOLAP
0 likes · 8 min read
Why Druid? Architecture, Indexing, Use Cases, and Lessons Learned
Tencent TDS Service
Tencent TDS Service
Sep 1, 2016 · Mobile Development

Master MVP with RxJava: Build Decoupled Android Apps Quickly

This article explains how to combine MVP architecture with RxJava in Android development, covering framework selection, step‑by‑step MVP construction, thread management using RxJava, and practical Q&A on testing, modularization, and memory‑leak prevention, providing a comprehensive guide for building decoupled, responsive mobile apps.

AndroidMVPRxJava
0 likes · 15 min read
Master MVP with RxJava: Build Decoupled Android Apps Quickly
ITPUB
ITPUB
Aug 31, 2016 · Artificial Intelligence

How Recommendation Systems Evolve: From Algorithms to Architecture Mastery

This talk traces the evolution of recommendation systems from early algorithm‑centric prototypes through a wild‑growth phase to a mature, architecture‑driven design, highlighting practical challenges, design principles, and lessons learned for building scalable, maintainable recommendation platforms.

AIRecommendation Systemsarchitecture
0 likes · 19 min read
How Recommendation Systems Evolve: From Algorithms to Architecture Mastery
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Aug 28, 2016 · Backend Development

Understanding the Core Architecture of Apache Tomcat: Connectors, Containers, Services, and Lifecycle Management

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Apache Tomcat's modular architecture, detailing the roles and interactions of Connectors, Containers, Services, Servers, and the Lifecycle interface, while illustrating key implementation classes and code snippets that govern request handling and component management.

BackendConnectorContainer
0 likes · 17 min read
Understanding the Core Architecture of Apache Tomcat: Connectors, Containers, Services, and Lifecycle Management
Ctrip Technology
Ctrip Technology
Aug 19, 2016 · Mobile Development

Refactoring a Hotel Page in React Native: Architecture, Redux, and Native Animation Lessons

This article shares the experience of a Qunar hotel team refactoring their hotel homepage with React Native, detailing the initial native‑style approach, challenges with Redux, robustness and animation performance, and the subsequent architectural redesign that improved maintainability and user experience.

Mobile DevelopmentNative AnimationReact Native
0 likes · 17 min read
Refactoring a Hotel Page in React Native: Architecture, Redux, and Native Animation Lessons
Meituan Technology Team
Meituan Technology Team
Aug 5, 2016 · Backend Development

Distributed Queue Programming Models: Concepts, Architectures, and Practices

Distributed queue programming treats a queue as a fundamental, cross‑process abstraction, guiding developers to select synchronous or asynchronous, decoupled, persistent messaging solutions and offering four core models—point‑to‑point, producer‑consumer, publish‑subscribe, and MVC—while the article illustrates real‑world designs for billing, cache updates, and ticket processing.

MessagingProducer ConsumerPubSub
0 likes · 22 min read
Distributed Queue Programming Models: Concepts, Architectures, and Practices
Meitu Technology
Meitu Technology
Jul 16, 2016 · Backend Development

Meitu Technology Salon: Golang Application Practice

The Meitu Technology Salon’s second offline session, held on July 24 2016, gathered senior R&D engineers to explore practical Golang applications through three case studies—Meitu’s high‑performance services, Panda TV’s live‑streaming architecture overhaul, and NetEase’s P2P cache system redesign—offering insights and networking for 100 participants.

GolangMeituTechnical Seminar
0 likes · 4 min read
Meitu Technology Salon: Golang Application Practice
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Jul 15, 2016 · Mobile Development

In‑Depth Analysis of Qunar’s Mobile Hybrid Solution (Hy)

This article presents a comprehensive overview of Qunar’s mobile hybrid solution—Hy—including its definition, advantages over native and web apps, architectural components such as Yo, QApp, Kami, Hytive, multi‑WebView strategy, offline update mechanism, development tools, challenges like CrossWalk integration, and future directions compared with QRN.

CrossWalkFront‑end FrameworkHybrid
0 likes · 19 min read
In‑Depth Analysis of Qunar’s Mobile Hybrid Solution (Hy)
Art of Distributed System Architecture Design
Art of Distributed System Architecture Design
Jun 30, 2016 · Backend Development

Evolution of 58.com Architecture: From a Single‑Server All‑In‑One to a Scalable Service‑Oriented System

The article chronicles how 58.com’s website architecture evolved from a tiny, single‑machine setup to a distributed, service‑oriented platform by progressively addressing scaling challenges with LAMP, read/write separation, vertical business splitting, caching, cloud‑native services, and automation, illustrating the practical steps needed as traffic grows from tens of thousands to billions of requests.

BackendDistributed Systemsarchitecture
0 likes · 15 min read
Evolution of 58.com Architecture: From a Single‑Server All‑In‑One to a Scalable Service‑Oriented System
Nightwalker Tech
Nightwalker Tech
Jun 22, 2016 · Frontend Development

How to Effectively Implement Front‑Back End Separation

The discussion explores various perspectives on front‑back end separation, covering definitions, benefits, architectural patterns, technology choices like Node.js, Vue, Angular, and practical considerations such as API design, performance, and deployment strategies.

APIBack-endFront-end
0 likes · 9 min read
How to Effectively Implement Front‑Back End Separation
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Jun 20, 2016 · Frontend Development

Evolution and Architecture of Taobao Home Page: From PHP to Node, Platform Migration, Performance and Stability

The article details the evolution of Taobao's home page over the past year and a half, covering its background, the shift from a PHP‑based rendering system to a Node‑based platform, module construction, dynamic data integration, performance optimizations, stability measures, monitoring, and agile operational practices.

BackendTaobaoarchitecture
0 likes · 17 min read
Evolution and Architecture of Taobao Home Page: From PHP to Node, Platform Migration, Performance and Stability
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Jun 16, 2016 · Backend Development

Optimizing Large‑Scale E‑Commerce Site Architecture: Business Splitting, Clustering, Caching & SSO

This article examines the analysis and optimization of a high‑traffic e‑commerce website, covering problems such as server waste and tight coupling, and presenting solutions including business splitting, application clustering, multi‑level caching, distributed sessions, and deployment diagrams to improve scalability and reliability.

BackendDistributed SystemsMicroservices
0 likes · 7 min read
Optimizing Large‑Scale E‑Commerce Site Architecture: Business Splitting, Clustering, Caching & SSO
Art of Distributed System Architecture Design
Art of Distributed System Architecture Design
Jun 15, 2016 · Backend Development

Design Goals, Challenges, and Evolution of Large‑Scale Website Architecture

This article examines the objectives, technical challenges, and evolutionary steps of large‑scale website architecture, covering resource separation, caching mechanisms, high‑availability techniques, CDN and distributed storage, as well as foundational design principles such as ACID/BASE and the CAP theorem.

CDNarchitecturecaching
0 likes · 10 min read
Design Goals, Challenges, and Evolution of Large‑Scale Website Architecture
Java High-Performance Architecture
Java High-Performance Architecture
Jun 14, 2016 · Backend Development

How Hotjar Scaled to 500M Daily Requests: 8 Lessons for Rapid Backend Growth

This article chronicles Hotjar's evolution from a simple two‑server setup to a robust, eight‑server architecture handling billions of daily requests, sharing eight practical lessons on scaling, CDN usage, language choice, data storage, monitoring, and cost‑effective optimizations for fast‑growing web services.

CDNarchitecturebackend scaling
0 likes · 7 min read
How Hotjar Scaled to 500M Daily Requests: 8 Lessons for Rapid Backend Growth
21CTO
21CTO
Jun 12, 2016 · Mobile Development

Key Lessons from Building Android Apps: Architecture, Maintainability, and Security

After transitioning from JavaEE to Android development, the author shares practical insights on designing robust mobile app architecture, covering maintainability, extensibility, security, onboarding ease, documentation, packaging, and the trade‑offs between MVC and MVP, while offering guidance on framework selection and effective encapsulation.

AndroidFrameworkMVC
0 likes · 14 min read
Key Lessons from Building Android Apps: Architecture, Maintainability, and Security
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Jun 12, 2016 · Backend Development

Designing a Scalable E‑Commerce Architecture: From Simple Setup to Distributed Systems

This article walks through the functional and non‑functional requirements of a B2C e‑commerce platform, illustrates a progression from a three‑server starter architecture to a clustered high‑availability design, and details capacity‑planning calculations for supporting millions of users and peak traffic spikes.

BackendDistributed Systemsarchitecture
0 likes · 9 min read
Designing a Scalable E‑Commerce Architecture: From Simple Setup to Distributed Systems
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Jun 9, 2016 · Databases

Understanding HBase Architecture and Core Principles

This article provides a comprehensive overview of HBase, covering its distributed architecture, component roles, data organization, read/write mechanisms, and best practices for schema and region design to ensure efficient big‑data storage and retrieval.

Big DataHBaseRegionServer
0 likes · 17 min read
Understanding HBase Architecture and Core Principles
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Jun 9, 2016 · Frontend Development

Inside Taobao’s Home Page: From PHP to Node, Architecture & Performance Secrets

The article recounts a year‑and‑a‑half of evolving Taobao’s massive home page, detailing its shift from a PHP‑based rendering system to a Node‑powered architecture, the modular building platform, dynamic data integration, performance optimizations, stability measures, and agile deployment practices that keep billions of daily visits smooth.

architecturefrontendhomepage
0 likes · 20 min read
Inside Taobao’s Home Page: From PHP to Node, Architecture & Performance Secrets
Liulishuo Tech Team
Liulishuo Tech Team
May 27, 2016 · Mobile Development

Evolution of the Android Architecture of the English Fluency App

This article details the step‑by‑step evolution of the English Fluency Android app’s architecture, covering its early broadcast‑based design, the adoption of a plugin‑based modular core, multi‑process integration, auxiliary systems such as asynchronous loading, event bus, monitoring, and support components for file storage, DNS protection, image loading, and downloading.

AndroidMobile Developmentarchitecture
0 likes · 13 min read
Evolution of the Android Architecture of the English Fluency App
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
May 25, 2016 · R&D Management

Effective Communication Strategies for Architecture Refactoring Projects

The article explains how to successfully launch and drive large‑scale architecture refactoring by translating technical jargon into plain language, using data‑driven arguments, empathizing with stakeholders, and employing structured escalation and win‑win negotiation tactics to align cross‑functional teams.

R&D managementarchitecturecommunication
0 likes · 9 min read
Effective Communication Strategies for Architecture Refactoring Projects
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
May 24, 2016 · Backend Development

Lessons from Three System Architecture Refactorings: Balancing Business Continuity and Technical Improvement

The article shares practical experiences from refactoring three backend systems—M, S, and X—highlighting the challenges of keeping business running while redesigning architecture, the concrete solutions applied, measurable outcomes such as increased release frequency and higher availability, and key lessons on prioritizing problems and avoiding over‑refactoring.

ScalabilitySystem Designarchitecture
0 likes · 7 min read
Lessons from Three System Architecture Refactorings: Balancing Business Continuity and Technical Improvement
Java High-Performance Architecture
Java High-Performance Architecture
May 23, 2016 · Cloud Native

What Uber’s Microservices Reveal About the Pros and Cons of Distributed Architecture

Uber’s adoption of microservices showcases both the flexibility of using multiple languages and independent release cycles, while also exposing challenges such as duplicated effort across teams, type‑unsafe JSON interfaces, and the need for rigorous failure testing, offering valuable lessons for large‑scale system design.

Distributed SystemsMicroservicesType Safety
0 likes · 5 min read
What Uber’s Microservices Reveal About the Pros and Cons of Distributed Architecture
Big Data and Microservices
Big Data and Microservices
May 9, 2016 · Industry Insights

How Major E‑Commerce Sites Evolve Their Architecture for Scale and Performance

This article traces the step‑by‑step evolution of large‑scale website architectures—from single‑server setups to distributed services—highlighting key techniques such as server clustering, caching, load balancing, database sharding, CDN usage, and the adoption of NoSQL and micro‑service frameworks.

Distributed SystemsScalabilityarchitecture
0 likes · 9 min read
How Major E‑Commerce Sites Evolve Their Architecture for Scale and Performance
Art of Distributed System Architecture Design
Art of Distributed System Architecture Design
May 9, 2016 · Operations

How eBay Scales to Billions: 7 Proven Practices for Massive Web Systems

This article outlines eBay's seven key scalability best practices—including functional partitioning, horizontal sharding, avoiding distributed transactions, asynchronous decoupling, stream processing, virtualization, and strategic caching—to illustrate how large‑scale web platforms can achieve linear resource growth and high availability.

AsynchronousDistributed SystemsVirtualization
0 likes · 14 min read
How eBay Scales to Billions: 7 Proven Practices for Massive Web Systems
Alibaba Cloud Infrastructure
Alibaba Cloud Infrastructure
Apr 21, 2016 · Mobile Development

Alibaba Mobile Technology: Architecture, Scaling, and Future Trends

The 2016 ATF Alibaba Technology Forum presented a comprehensive overview of Alibaba's mobile e‑commerce platform, detailing massive scale challenges, user‑experience driven innovations, container‑based client architecture, the Weex framework, and future directions such as live video, VR/AR, and high‑performance mobile networking.

AlibabaWeexarchitecture
0 likes · 23 min read
Alibaba Mobile Technology: Architecture, Scaling, and Future Trends
Big Data and Microservices
Big Data and Microservices
Apr 14, 2016 · Industry Insights

Inside Twitter’s Scalable Architecture: Following, Caching, and Queues Explained

The article breaks down Twitter’s core business of following and being followed, explains its three‑tier presentation‑logic‑data architecture, details cache strategies, message‑queue isolation, and the push‑pull trade‑offs, illustrating how these components work together to achieve high‑performance, fault‑tolerant service at massive scale.

BackendMessage QueueScalability
0 likes · 11 min read
Inside Twitter’s Scalable Architecture: Following, Caching, and Queues Explained
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Mar 31, 2016 · Operations

Technical Summary of Large‑Scale Distributed Website Architecture

This article provides a comprehensive technical summary of large‑scale distributed website architecture, outlining characteristics, architectural goals, patterns, and detailed strategies for high performance, high availability, scalability, extensibility, security, and agility, supplemented with illustrative examples and practical insights.

Scalabilityarchitecturehigh availability
0 likes · 12 min read
Technical Summary of Large‑Scale Distributed Website Architecture
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Mar 27, 2016 · Backend Development

Understanding Architecture Corruption and How to Mitigate It

The article examines why software architectures inevitably degrade over time in long‑running projects, analyzes the stages of decay, and presents practical strategies—including environment upgrades, phased and distributed builds, component isolation, and platform‑plus‑app designs—to keep systems maintainable and performant.

Build OptimizationScalabilityarchitecture
0 likes · 23 min read
Understanding Architecture Corruption and How to Mitigate It
Architect
Architect
Mar 27, 2016 · Mobile Development

Applying Flux Architecture to Android: A Detailed Overview

This article explains how the Flux data‑driven architecture, originally created for Facebook's web client, can be adapted for Android applications, describing its four core modules, their interactions, and a practical ToDoList example with code snippets.

AndroidFluxReactNative
0 likes · 4 min read
Applying Flux Architecture to Android: A Detailed Overview
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 20, 2016 · Operations

How CAT Powers Real‑Time Distributed Monitoring at Scale

This article introduces CAT, a Java‑based open‑source distributed real‑time monitoring system, covering its origins, design goals, architecture, message processing pipeline, instrumentation model, and how it achieves high availability, scalability, and low‑latency analytics for large‑scale internet services.

CATDistributed MonitoringReal-time analytics
0 likes · 17 min read
How CAT Powers Real‑Time Distributed Monitoring at Scale
Architect
Architect
Mar 17, 2016 · Mobile Development

Understanding Android Architecture Patterns: MVC, MVP, MVVM, and AOP

This article explains the purpose of architectural design in Android apps and provides a detailed comparison of MVC, MVP, and MVVM patterns, including their structures, advantages, drawbacks, code examples, as well as an introduction to AOP and practical development tips.

AndroidMVCMVP
0 likes · 22 min read
Understanding Android Architecture Patterns: MVC, MVP, MVVM, and AOP
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 13, 2016 · Backend Development

How 58’s Messaging Platform Solved High‑Load Real‑Time Delivery Challenges

This article details the design and implementation of 58’s real‑time messaging platform, covering its business background, overall architecture, protocol design for extensibility and debugging, and solutions for fast TCP reconnection to ensure stable, high‑throughput delivery for intra‑city freight services.

BackendMessagingReal-Time
0 likes · 9 min read
How 58’s Messaging Platform Solved High‑Load Real‑Time Delivery Challenges
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 6, 2016 · Operations

Inside Stack Overflow’s 2016 Architecture: Handling 61 Million Daily Requests

The article details Stack Overflow’s 2016 infrastructure upgrades—including hardware, networking, load balancing, caching, database, and service layers—that enabled the site to process over 61 million daily requests while reducing processing time by hundreds of hours.

Operationsarchitecturecaching
0 likes · 12 min read
Inside Stack Overflow’s 2016 Architecture: Handling 61 Million Daily Requests
ITPUB
ITPUB
Mar 1, 2016 · Databases

Oracle Database Architecture: Instances, Memory, Processes, and Structures

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Oracle Database architecture, detailing the server components, instance memory structures such as SGA, essential background processes, and the physical and logical storage layers, helping readers understand how Oracle organizes data and manages operations.

InstanceOracleSGA
0 likes · 27 min read
Oracle Database Architecture: Instances, Memory, Processes, and Structures
21CTO
21CTO
Feb 24, 2016 · Backend Development

Designing Scalable E‑Commerce Architecture: From Single‑Server to Distributed Systems

This article presents a comprehensive e‑commerce website architecture case study, detailing functional and non‑functional requirements, initial single‑server design, capacity estimation, and progressive evolution toward a distributed, high‑availability architecture with clustering, caching, load balancing, service‑orientation, and database sharding.

Distributed SystemsScalabilityarchitecture
0 likes · 14 min read
Designing Scalable E‑Commerce Architecture: From Single‑Server to Distributed Systems
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Feb 19, 2016 · Game Development

Evolution of Game Server Architectures: From Early MUDs to Modern Action MMOs

This article surveys the progression of game server architectures across eight types, detailing how early text‑based MUD servers evolved through multi‑threaded, distributed, and seamless‑world designs to modern hybrid action/MMO back‑ends, highlighting key technologies, scaling strategies, and architectural trade‑offs.

MMOarchitecturegame server
0 likes · 19 min read
Evolution of Game Server Architectures: From Early MUDs to Modern Action MMOs
Java High-Performance Architecture
Java High-Performance Architecture
Feb 19, 2016 · Fundamentals

How ZooKeeper Powers Distributed Systems: Architecture and Operations Explained

ZooKeeper is an open‑source distributed coordination service that provides high‑performance, reliable primitives such as naming, configuration management, leader election, locks and queues, and its internal design features a leader‑based server cluster, in‑memory hierarchical namespace, and transparent client routing for read/write operations.

Distributed CoordinationDistributed SystemsZooKeeper
0 likes · 4 min read
How ZooKeeper Powers Distributed Systems: Architecture and Operations Explained
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Feb 18, 2016 · Backend Development

Highlights from SDCC 2015 Architecture Session: Lessons from Leading Chinese Tech Companies

The SDCC 2015 Architecture Session recap presents practical insights from industry experts on how major Chinese internet companies transformed their systems to handle rapid growth, high availability, scalability, and performance through progressive refactoring, service‑oriented architectures, and modern infrastructure practices.

System Designarchitectureperformance
0 likes · 14 min read
Highlights from SDCC 2015 Architecture Session: Lessons from Leading Chinese Tech Companies
Huawei Cloud Developer Alliance
Huawei Cloud Developer Alliance
Feb 14, 2016 · Cloud Computing

5 Key Insights into the Evolving IoT Platform Landscape

An in‑depth look at the rapidly growing IoT platform market reveals four platform types, an eight‑component architecture, diverse entry strategies, the pivotal role of open‑source interoperability, and how data and connectivity drive true platform value, backed by market forecasts and real‑world examples.

IoTarchitecturemarket
0 likes · 12 min read
5 Key Insights into the Evolving IoT Platform Landscape
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Feb 3, 2016 · Backend Development

The Value, Modes, and Practices of Performance Optimization

This article explains the benefits and drawbacks of performance optimization, distinguishes between single‑application and structural optimization approaches, outlines common steps, tools, and techniques for each, and presents case studies illustrating architectural evolution for improved scalability and stability.

Scalabilityarchitecturecaching
0 likes · 7 min read
The Value, Modes, and Practices of Performance Optimization
21CTO
21CTO
Jan 29, 2016 · Backend Development

How Pinterest Scaled to Billions of Page Views: Architecture & Sharding Secrets

Pinterest grew from zero to over 100 billion monthly page views by rapidly expanding its infrastructure, adopting simple, mature technologies like MySQL, Redis, and Memcache, and transitioning from clustering to sharding, offering practical lessons on scaling, tool selection, ID design, and migration strategies for massive growth.

Pinterestarchitecturecloud
0 likes · 23 min read
How Pinterest Scaled to Billions of Page Views: Architecture & Sharding Secrets
Java High-Performance Architecture
Java High-Performance Architecture
Jan 28, 2016 · Cloud Computing

Scaling an Image Service with Alibaba Cloud: A Step‑by‑Step Architecture Journey

This article outlines how a startup progressively upgraded its image‑centric product architecture on Alibaba Cloud—from rapid ECS/RDS deployment, through OSS + CDN acceleration, to caching with Memcache and horizontal scaling with SLB load balancing—offering practical guidance for similar teams.

Alibaba Cloudarchitecturecloud computing
0 likes · 4 min read
Scaling an Image Service with Alibaba Cloud: A Step‑by‑Step Architecture Journey
21CTO
21CTO
Jan 16, 2016 · Mobile Development

Choosing the Right iOS Architecture: MVC, MVP, MVVM, and VIPER Compared

This article reviews the most popular iOS architectural patterns—MVC, MVP, MVVM, and VIPER—explaining their responsibilities, testability, and maintainability, and provides concise code examples so developers can decide which pattern best fits their project requirements.

MVCMVPMVVM
0 likes · 21 min read
Choosing the Right iOS Architecture: MVC, MVP, MVVM, and VIPER Compared
Java High-Performance Architecture
Java High-Performance Architecture
Jan 9, 2016 · Backend Development

Scaling JD.com's POP Platform: From V1.0 Monolith to V3.0 Microservices

This article chronicles JD.com's POP platform evolution from a simple monolithic system in 2010 to a micro‑service‑based, highly scalable architecture by V3.0, highlighting the technical challenges, solutions, and the introduction of service‑oriented APIs, diversified data stores, and unified operational tools.

BackendMicroservicesScalability
0 likes · 5 min read
Scaling JD.com's POP Platform: From V1.0 Monolith to V3.0 Microservices
DevOps
DevOps
Dec 21, 2015 · Operations

Microservices Architecture: Principles, Characteristics, and Its Relationship with DevOps

This article explains the fundamentals of microservice architecture, its key characteristics, componentization, business-aligned organization, decentralized governance, data management, infrastructure automation, fault‑tolerance design, and how these aspects intertwine with DevOps practices to enable faster, more flexible continuous delivery.

architecturecloud-native
0 likes · 28 min read
Microservices Architecture: Principles, Characteristics, and Its Relationship with DevOps
Architect
Architect
Dec 16, 2015 · Mobile Development

React Native: Technical Background, Planning, and Risks Overview

This article provides a comprehensive overview of React Native, covering its motivation and design principles, the recent migration of Alibaba’s iPad “Guess You Like” feature, detailed planning for integration, and potential risks such as platform support, performance, and App Store policies.

Mobile DevelopmentReact Nativearchitecture
0 likes · 8 min read
React Native: Technical Background, Planning, and Risks Overview
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Dec 10, 2015 · Information Security

Common Security Design Pitfalls in System Architecture

The article outlines six major security design mistakes—compatibility, cost‑cutting, mixing data and code, closed designs, blacklist defenses, and neglecting security as a design goal—illustrating each with real‑world examples and offering practical recommendations to build more robust software and hardware architectures.

CompatibilityCost reductionDesign Pitfalls
0 likes · 14 min read
Common Security Design Pitfalls in System Architecture
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Dec 8, 2015 · Backend Development

How to Build a High‑Availability SaaS Customer Service Platform from Scratch

This article shares practical insights on rapidly creating a SaaS customer service platform, designing high‑availability architecture, and boosting overall system performance through load balancing, database replication, distributed caching, CDN acceleration, front‑end SPA frameworks, advanced search, and comprehensive monitoring.

CDNSaaSarchitecture
0 likes · 12 min read
How to Build a High‑Availability SaaS Customer Service Platform from Scratch
21CTO
21CTO
Dec 8, 2015 · Cloud Computing

How 1hao Store Built a Scalable Hybrid Cloud for E‑Commerce Success

An in‑depth interview with 1hao Store’s senior tech director reveals the evolution of its e‑commerce architecture, hybrid‑cloud strategy, performance‑driven culture, and practical steps for achieving high availability, elasticity, and cost efficiency during massive traffic spikes.

architecturecloud computinge‑commerce
0 likes · 12 min read
How 1hao Store Built a Scalable Hybrid Cloud for E‑Commerce Success
21CTO
21CTO
Dec 1, 2015 · Backend Development

How Zhihu Scaled from 2 Engineers to 100M Users: Backend Architecture Lessons

This article recounts Zhihu's evolution from a tiny Python‑Tornado service on a single Linode to a massive, highly available backend employing custom logging, event‑driven processing, page‑render optimizations, and a service‑oriented architecture that now supports over 100 million users.

BackendEvent-drivenScalability
0 likes · 11 min read
How Zhihu Scaled from 2 Engineers to 100M Users: Backend Architecture Lessons
Efficient Ops
Efficient Ops
Nov 29, 2015 · Big Data

Memory Computing vs Big Data: Trends, Platforms, and Architecture Choices

This article summarizes a WeChat group Q&A on the current momentum of in‑memory computing, compares TimesTen and SAP HANA, and offers practical advice on building enterprise big‑data platforms, covering cloud vs self‑build, talent, investment, and real‑world case studies.

Big Dataarchitecturein-memory databases
0 likes · 11 min read
Memory Computing vs Big Data: Trends, Platforms, and Architecture Choices
21CTO
21CTO
Nov 27, 2015 · Backend Development

How Baiba’s Backend Powers 90% Mobile Commerce: Architecture Deep Dive

This article details Baiba's evolution from a simple flash‑sale site to a mobile‑centric e‑commerce platform, describing its backend flow through CDN, caching layers, PHP‑FPM, memcached, Redis, MySQL, search engines, monitoring tools, deployment pipelines, and future plans for service‑orientation and hybrid apps.

BackendDeploymentPHP
0 likes · 15 min read
How Baiba’s Backend Powers 90% Mobile Commerce: Architecture Deep Dive
21CTO
21CTO
Nov 23, 2015 · Cloud Native

Unveiling Docker 1.2: Deep Dive into Its Architecture and Core Components

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of Docker 1.2's architecture, detailing each module's function, the internal workflow of key commands, and how Docker's design enables lightweight, secure container virtualization for modern cloud‑native applications.

Cloud NativeContainerDevOps
0 likes · 20 min read
Unveiling Docker 1.2: Deep Dive into Its Architecture and Core Components
21CTO
21CTO
Nov 23, 2015 · Fundamentals

Designing Reliable Industrial IoT: Architecture, Middleware & Real-World Cases

This article explains the technical differences between "Internet+" and industrial IoT, outlines the three‑tier architecture (device, cloud, monitoring), details middleware platforms YFIOs and YFCloud, and presents several practical deployment examples across agriculture, health, fisheries and wastewater treatment.

Industrial IoTIoTarchitecture
0 likes · 19 min read
Designing Reliable Industrial IoT: Architecture, Middleware & Real-World Cases
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Nov 4, 2015 · Backend Development

Evolution of 58.com Architecture: From Single‑Server All‑In‑One to Scalable Service‑Oriented System

The article chronicles how 58.com’s web architecture evolved from a tiny, single‑machine setup to a multi‑layer, Java‑based, highly available service‑oriented platform, detailing the technical decisions, scaling challenges, and automation practices adopted at each traffic milestone.

Scalabilityarchitecturehigh availability
0 likes · 14 min read
Evolution of 58.com Architecture: From Single‑Server All‑In‑One to Scalable Service‑Oriented System
Art of Distributed System Architecture Design
Art of Distributed System Architecture Design
Nov 2, 2015 · Backend Development

Evolution of 58.com Architecture: From Single‑Server to Scalable Service‑Oriented System

The article chronicles how 58.com’s website architecture evolved through multiple growth stages—from a tiny single‑machine setup to a distributed, service‑oriented platform—by addressing scaling bottlenecks with technologies such as LAMP, read/write separation, vertical splitting, caching, and automated deployment.

Backendarchitecturehigh-availability
0 likes · 13 min read
Evolution of 58.com Architecture: From Single‑Server to Scalable Service‑Oriented System
Architect
Architect
Oct 17, 2015 · Mobile Development

Designing Mobile Persistence Architecture with Virtual Record and DataCenter

This article explains how to choose and design persistence solutions for iOS apps, covering NSUserDefaults, Keychain, file storage, databases, isolation between persistence and business layers, multithreading, and the Virtual Record pattern implemented via DataCenter and CTPersistance.

DataCenterMobile DevelopmentVirtual Record
0 likes · 34 min read
Designing Mobile Persistence Architecture with Virtual Record and DataCenter