This article details a practical, semi‑automated monitoring solution for environments with fewer than 500 nodes, covering active monitoring concepts, Prometheus data modeling, service‑framework instrumentation, data scraping and visualization with Grafana, and alert handling via AlertManager.
This guide compiles practical Linux one‑liners for sorting directories by size, listing subdirectories, monitoring disk usage changes, removing unwanted .svn folders, checking inode and partition statistics, and measuring read/write performance, providing sysadmins with quick, actionable tools.
This article details Meituan's journey from rapid database growth and operational bottlenecks to a multi‑year roadmap that combines platform‑level monitoring, rule‑based and AI‑enhanced root‑cause analysis, and automated remediation, ultimately delivering measurable improvements in alert accuracy, recall rates, and overall database reliability.
This article explains how to design clear, consistent API return codes and messages by referencing HTTP status codes, defining code‑message pairs, supporting personalized messages for different clients, and using unified handling for monitoring and alerting, ultimately improving communication and maintenance costs.
This guide explains how Zabbix agent monitors Linux and Windows systems, compares active and passive modes, and provides detailed optimization tips for OS metrics, CPU, memory, filesystem, Windows services, performance counters, and event logs, including alarm suppression and macro usage.
This article explains the design of a multi‑tenant Kafka cluster, the business onboarding process, detailed fault symptoms and monitoring metrics, analyzes the root cause of a topic‑wide traffic drop, and examines the default partitioner’s rules to propose mitigation recommendations.
This article explains the functional, nested nature of PromQL, its expression types, how queries are parsed and evaluated over time, and the differences between instant and range queries, providing code examples and visual insights for better monitoring with Prometheus.
The article explains how to build highly available stateless services by using redundant deployment, vertical and horizontal scaling, appropriate load‑balancing algorithms, monitoring, and automated recovery, and also discusses high‑concurrency identification, CDN/OSS usage, and practical recommendations for cloud‑native environments.
This article describes the architecture, challenges, and performance optimizations of Qunar.com's Watcher monitoring platform, covering massive metric collection, master‑worker redesign, Graphite/Whisper storage enhancements, and future migration to Go‑based cloud‑native solutions.
This comprehensive guide explores essential backend development concepts—from system design principles like high cohesion and low coupling, through architecture patterns such as high availability and load balancing, to network communication, fault handling, monitoring, and deployment strategies, providing clear explanations for developers.
This article explains how ByteDance’s self‑built SLA assurance platform addresses data pipeline communication costs, unclear responsibilities, and operational pressure by introducing roles, a streamlined signing workflow, checkpoint and recommendation calculations, and real‑time monitoring to achieve a 99.1% SLA compliance rate.
This article explains how the Havok full‑link load testing platform was designed and built to replay real traffic safely, provide capacity‑assessment data, support multiple test types, and offer real‑time monitoring and circuit‑breaker protection for large‑scale online services.
This article provides a comprehensive guide on configuring and optimizing Zabbix agent monitoring for Linux and Windows, covering agent types, passive and active modes, macro variables, LLD macros, CPU/memory/file‑system metrics, and Windows service, performance counter, and event‑log monitoring.
Learn how to design a resilient, scalable monitoring solution for multi‑cluster Kubernetes environments using Thanos, Prometheus, and Grafana, covering architecture, data ingestion, querying, long‑term storage on S3, cost savings, and practical deployment tips.
This tutorial shows how to create a Bash script that continuously monitors a Linux server’s memory, disk, and CPU usage, explains the commands used, demonstrates assembling the data into variables, looping for a set period, logging results, and optionally applying a stress test to generate load.
This article provides a step‑by‑step tutorial on setting up Prometheus and Grafana for 24/7 monitoring of Linux servers and MySQL databases, covering installation, configuration, data visualization, alerting with onealert, and common troubleshooting tips for reliable operations.
This article shares Ctrip's practical experiences in scaling a hybrid private‑cloud platform to over ten thousand nodes, covering Kubernetes control‑plane stability, host monitoring, network observability, image management, and capacity planning to ensure high availability for massive online services.
This article explains what Uptime Kuma is, lists its key features, and provides detailed Docker‑based and manual installation instructions along with usage tips for adding monitors, configuring notifications, and running the service with PM2.
This article explains the challenges of traditional open‑source log collection in cloud‑native environments, describes Volcano Engine’s unified TLS architecture, its centralized configuration, CRD‑based deployment, and showcases real‑world case studies that demonstrate improved availability, efficiency, and scalability.
This article provides a comprehensive guide to Micrometer, covering its core metric types, MeterRegistry usage, tagging conventions, and practical code examples, and shows how to integrate it with Spring Boot, Prometheus, and Grafana for end‑to‑end application monitoring.
This article details Kuaishou's systematic approach to iOS app startup optimization, covering premain and postmain phases, dynamic library lazy loading, +load and static initializer monitoring, binary reordering, task scheduling, background fetch, prewarm mechanisms, and a comprehensive anti‑degradation framework to sustain launch performance.
In this interview, Li Yi, head of 58 Group’s Front‑End Technology Department, explains how the company built its large‑scale front‑end service system—including a Hybrid permission platform, a React Native hot‑update platform, and the Beidou monitoring system—while discussing cross‑platform frameworks, performance challenges, low‑code adoption, and advice for newcomers.
Wireless operations and maintenance (O&M) evolved from backend‑focused practices to address stability and performance of mobile‑device services, tackling low issue detection rates and delayed responses through improved monitoring, gray‑release tagging, phased rollouts, AI‑driven diagnostics, and automated release gates, while inviting collaborative development.
This article explains what SRE is, why it was created, how its responsibilities differ across companies, and breaks the work into Infrastructure, Platform, and Business SRE while covering deployment, on‑call, SLI/SLO, incident post‑mortems, capacity planning, user support, and career advice.
This article outlines the end‑to‑end workflow for front‑end monitoring in an APM platform, covering data collection, reporting, cleaning, storage, and consumption, and dives deep into environment info, exception handling, performance metrics, and efficient data upload strategies.
This article describes Yiche's adoption of Kubernetes, detailing its master‑node architecture, multi‑cluster strategies, custom container management platform, CI/CD pipeline, monitoring with Prometheus, logging, auditing, health checks, and future plans to streamline traffic and control planes.
The article details Maoyan’s transaction data center, explaining its background, the need for a unified real‑time order model, the benefits of reduced coupling and improved data accuracy, and describes the system’s architecture, components, data collection, processing, task scheduling, monitoring, and future plans.
This article explains Site Reliability Engineering (SRE), covering its origins, core responsibilities, key concepts such as SLI/SLO/SLA and error budgets, the four golden monitoring metrics, risk analysis, and practical guidance on building reliable services using tools like Prometheus and Grafana.
This article explains the background and importance of data governance, defines data quality and its key metrics, describes the monitoring and alerting modules of the IData data platform, outlines built‑in and custom rule templates, and discusses baseline management and future enhancements.
Integrating a dynamic load‑testing model into the OKR workflow dramatically streamlines performance testing by allowing flexible pressure control, manual intervention at safe thresholds, and reducing the fatigue and errors associated with traditional static ramp‑up strategies.
To keep community feeds smooth despite network or backend failures, the system employs multiple fallback mechanisms—including Redis‑cached recommendation pools, CDN‑mirrored response files, asynchronous content caching, specialized follow‑feed and outfit‑selection caches, detail‑page preloading, and fine‑grained monitoring with alerts—ensuring continuous scrolling and a better user experience.
This article presents a hands‑on SRE framework covering the full product lifecycle—code development, resource planning, deployment, operational reliability, and decommissioning—derived from real‑world practices at Xiaomi and Sina to help teams manage massive internet services efficiently and cost‑effectively.
This article collection explores key front‑end topics—including Vue server‑side rendering, comprehensive monitoring strategies, Babel compilation fundamentals, the latest CSS 2022 features, and decorator design patterns, and tile‑layout techniques for BI reporting—while also introducing the Cloud Classroom front‑end team.
This article explains how Prometheus’s time‑series database handles massive monitoring data, from basic concepts and query examples to storage engine design, indexing strategies, and powerful data computation techniques such as recording rules.
This article provides a step‑by‑step guide to installing RedisInsight, configuring its environment variables, launching the service on Linux, deploying it with Kubernetes, and using its graphical interface to monitor and manage Redis clusters, keys, and memory.
This guide explains how to enable the nginx‑status module, configure Nginx to expose metrics, collect them with Telegraf, store them in InfluxDB, and visualize the data in Grafana, providing a complete end‑to‑end monitoring solution for Nginx servers.
This article chronicles the evolution of a company's monitoring system from a Zipkin‑based tracing solution to a cloud‑native observability platform called Hera, detailing design goals, technology choices, challenges with MySQL storage, and the adoption of Prometheus‑compatible metrics, Jaeger tracing, and Kubernetes operators.
This article walks through a real call‑center outage scenario, outlines systematic fault‑identification steps, practical emergency recovery actions, monitoring enhancements, concise emergency‑plan design, and introduces intelligent event‑handling to help operations teams resolve incidents faster and more reliably.
This article examines how Taobao mini programs tackled stability and speed challenges by redefining user experience metrics, standardizing operational data, analyzing performance stages, and implementing best‑practice solutions such as engine reuse, data prefetching, and template snapshot rendering, resulting in measurable improvements.
The e‑commerce platform’s loss‑prevention architecture combines domain‑modeled scenario identification, pre‑emptive checks, automated testing, and a real‑time data‑reconciliation pipeline using Dcheck and rule factories to detect anomalies, trigger alerts, and execute emergency response plans, thereby minimizing financial risk and ensuring transaction stability.
This article details a step‑by‑step engineering experiment that reproduces a high‑throughput "red‑envelope" service, outlining the required hardware, software stack, load‑generation logic, monitoring setup, and performance results for handling up to 6 000 QPS on a 100‑million‑user scale.
This article analyzes the digital transformation of Chinese internet companies, explains DevOps concepts and lifecycle, evaluates core CI/CD and monitoring components, and presents a maturity‑based model with tailored toolchain recommendations for startups, mid‑size firms, and large enterprises.
Learn how to install, configure, and operate RedisInsight—an intuitive Redis GUI—on Linux and Kubernetes, covering package download, environment setup, service deployment, basic usage, memory analysis, and key management, with step‑by‑step commands and visual screenshots.
This article provides a set of Bash scripts for Linux server administration, including DDoS IP blocking, email alert configuration, MySQL backup (single and multi-loop), Nginx log rotation and analysis, network interface traffic monitoring, system initialization, and disk usage monitoring across multiple servers.
This guide walks through essential Kubernetes operations—from node kernel upgrades and Docker daemon tuning to pod resource limits, scheduling policies, health probes, logging standards, and comprehensive monitoring—providing practical commands and configurations to keep clusters stable and observable.
This article traces the development of open‑source monitoring solutions from early tools like Nagios and Cacti through modern platforms such as Prometheus and Nightingale, comparing their strengths, weaknesses, and typical use cases while also looking ahead to emerging observability trends in cloud‑native environments.
After setting up an Nginx cluster, this guide explains how to enable the nginx-status module, collect metrics with Telegraf, store them in InfluxDB, and visualize the data using Grafana, providing a complete solution for real-time Nginx monitoring.
This article explains how to use Spring Boot Actuator to expose Tomcat performance metrics, retrieve health and metric endpoints via HTTP, configure custom endpoints, and optionally log or export the data to Prometheus for continuous monitoring and analysis.
This article provides a detailed introduction to microservices, covering its definition, core principles such as small independent services, lightweight communication, independent deployment and management, the advantages and disadvantages, suitable organizational contexts, and the essential components like service discovery, API gateways, configuration centers, monitoring, circuit breaking, container orchestration, and service mesh.
This article shares practical lessons from optimizing the performance of legacy web applications, covering how a hidden DB‑connection leak caused severe latency, why average latency is misleading, and the essential tools, testing, and team practices needed to keep services fast and reliable.
This article explains why the rise of Kubernetes as a cloud‑native standard brings new observability challenges, outlines how eBPF enables non‑intrusive, multi‑language, multi‑protocol data collection, and describes a comprehensive monitoring stack—including golden metrics, service topology, tracing, alerts, and network diagnostics—to achieve end‑to‑end visibility in complex Kubernetes deployments.
This article details Bilibili's implementation of a hundred‑terabyte‑per‑day data synchronization pipeline, covering tool selection between DataX‑based Rider and SeaTunnel‑based AlterEgo, architecture design, performance tuning, logging optimization, rate‑limiting strategies, and comprehensive monitoring for large‑scale offline data ingestion and export.
This article presents a curated list of practical Linux operation tools—including Nethogs, IOzone, IOTop, IPtraf, IFTop, HTop, NMON, MultiTail, Fail2ban, Tmux, Agedu, NMap, and Httperf—detailing their purpose, download links, installation commands, and basic usage to help system administrators improve monitoring, performance testing, and security on Linux servers.
This article explains how Prometheus transforms raw monitoring data into actionable insights by using a time‑series database (TSDB) that efficiently stores massive metric streams, supports powerful queries, and enables pre‑computed calculations for fast dashboards and alerts.
The DeWu App’s messaging platform progressed from a tightly‑coupled v1.0 push API plagued by latency and priority issues to a v2.0 unified interface with fatigue control, multi‑version sending, and robust monitoring, and finally to a v3.0 modular, stateless architecture driven by an orchestration engine that separates core capabilities from business extensions while providing dynamic strategies, SLA‑level latency guarantees, and comprehensive stability monitoring.
This talk explains why observability is essential for cloud‑native IT systems, covering its core value of empowerment, various definitions, evaluation criteria such as zero‑intrusion, multidimensionality and real‑time response, and practical building approaches using SaaS, open‑source and integration, illustrated with numerous industry case studies.
This guide explains Linux performance optimization by defining key metrics such as throughput, latency, average load, and CPU usage, describing how to select and interpret tools like vmstat, pidstat, perf, and dstat, and offering concrete steps to diagnose and fix CPU, memory, I/O, and context‑switch bottlenecks.
This guide introduces RedisInsight and RedisMod, explains how to install them via Docker, demonstrates basic data operations, explores the CLI and Profiler features, and shows how to monitor Redis with Grafana and Prometheus, providing a comprehensive workflow for managing modern Redis deployments.
The article introduces Promoter, a Go‑based webhook that fetches Prometheus metrics, renders alert graphs with gonum/plot, stores the images in S3‑compatible object storage, and embeds them in DingTalk notifications, providing deployment instructions, template customization, and core implementation details.
This guide explains Linux performance optimization by defining core metrics such as throughput, latency, and average load, describing how to select and benchmark indicators, outlining essential analysis tools like vmstat, pidstat, and perf, and providing practical CPU and memory tuning strategies to eliminate bottlenecks.
This article explains the fundamentals of Alibaba Druid as a Java database connection pool, shows how to add Maven dependencies, configure properties and filters in Spring Boot, set up monitoring pages, remove built‑in ads, and retrieve runtime statistics via DruidStatManagerFacade.
This article outlines how Haodf Online implements a closed‑loop partner data security framework—covering background regulations, SDL‑based lifecycle stages, partner information handling, security assessment, API testing, monitoring, and continuous improvement—to protect sensitive medical data across its ecosystem.
This article explains how to programmatically render Prometheus alert charts, upload them to object storage, and embed the images in DingTalk notifications using the Go‑based Promoter tool, including template customization, deployment steps, and core rendering logic.
This article presents a comprehensive overview of StarRocks, covering its key features, deployment challenges, backup and synchronization methods, cluster configuration and upgrade procedures, as well as monitoring and alerting solutions, followed by practical lessons learned from real‑world usage.
This article explains how to detect Redis latency problems, measure baseline performance, monitor slow commands, and address common causes such as network round‑trip delays, fork‑generated RDB snapshots, transparent huge pages, swap usage, AOF settings, key expiration, and big‑key handling, providing practical troubleshooting steps and solutions.
This article details the design, implementation, and performance testing of a scalable red‑envelope service capable of handling up to 100 billion requests, supporting 1 million concurrent users per server, achieving peak QPS of 60 k, and outlines hardware, software, and monitoring strategies.
This guide explains how to create a Spring Boot Admin server, configure a Spring Boot client to register with it, enable Actuator for extended metrics, and view real‑time logs, providing a comprehensive monitoring solution for Java backend services.
The Crunchy Data Postgres Operator (PGO) extends Kubernetes to provide a cloud‑native, highly available PostgreSQL platform with features such as automated provisioning, disaster recovery, TLS encryption, monitoring, user management, upgrade handling, advanced replication, cloning, connection pooling, affinity, scheduled backups to S3/GCS, multi‑namespace support, and extensive customizability across major Kubernetes distributions.
To raise front‑end quality, the team implements gray‑release monitoring that triggers log analysis at a 5 % rollout, automatically generates reports within ten minutes, and uses dynamic thresholds and noise‑reduction tactics to detect errors early, enabling rapid rollback or expansion and markedly improving stability and release efficiency.
After a traffic surge exposed severe latency in a 15-year-old multi-service web platform, we used monitoring to discover a DB-connection leak caused by a liveness probe, corrected it, and distilled four practical lessons on latency metrics, tooling, legacy maintenance, and code vigilance.
The article shares a real‑world case study of a legacy multi‑service web platform where traffic spikes exposed DB connection leaks, leading to a 90% response‑time bottleneck, and outlines four key takeaways about tail‑latency metrics, investing in tools and people, actively maintaining legacy systems, and treating every line of code as critical for performance.
The article presents go-monitor, an open‑source Go library that provides lightweight, lock‑free service quality monitoring, automatic analysis, configurable alerts, and flexible reporting for backend applications, complete with installation steps and code examples.
This tutorial walks through SkyWalking, an open‑source APM framework, explaining its features, architecture, how to install and configure the server and agents, persist data with MySQL, enable log collection, perform performance profiling, and set up alerting rules for robust distributed tracing.
This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the Tars microservice framework, covering its core concepts, deployment methods across various environments, configuration management, service discovery, logging, monitoring, and operational features such as gray releases and circuit‑breaker strategies.
This article explains how Zabbix monitoring can be extended with custom shell or Python scripts to gather business-specific metrics, demonstrates a sample script that checks disk usage, and provides three methods to resolve a stale NFS file handle error, including using fuser, process inspection, and forced unmount.
This article explains how to design effective Prometheus metrics for various application types, choose appropriate vectors, labels, and buckets, and offers Grafana tricks for visualizing dimensions and linking tooltips, providing a comprehensive guide for robust observability.
This article presents a concise, step‑by‑step guide to designing clean, consistent RESTful APIs, covering resource naming, URL conventions, HTTP methods, versioning, pagination, field selection, security, monitoring, error handling, and documentation tools, with concrete code examples for each rule.
This article presents a collection of practical Bash scripts for Linux servers, covering DOS attack IP blocking, alert emailing, MySQL backup (single and multi‑loop), Nginx log rotation and analysis, real‑time network traffic monitoring, system initialization, and disk usage checks across multiple hosts.
This article explains how to analyze, diagnose, and optimize performance problems in production business systems, covering the typical causes such as high concurrency, data growth, hardware limits, and environment changes, and detailing practical steps for hardware, OS, database, middleware, JVM tuning, code review, and APM monitoring.
This article presents Meituan's large‑scale Kafka deployment, describing the current state and challenges of massive data ingestion, detailing latency‑reduction techniques, cluster‑level optimizations, SSD‑based caching, isolation strategies, full‑link monitoring, lifecycle management, and future directions for high availability.
The article examines the data‑storage problems caused by rapid microservice growth, explains why traditional Hadoop/Spark stacks were rejected, presents benchmark comparisons that show ClickHouse’s superior performance and compression, and details practical ClickHouse deployment, schema design, sharding, TTL, indexing, and monitoring integrations for real‑time analytics.
This article explains why a well‑designed API error‑code system—using consistent numeric or string codes, clear messages, HTTP‑status‑like segmentation, personalized user messages, and unified handling for monitoring—reduces communication overhead, simplifies maintenance, and improves overall backend reliability.
This article explains how to monitor microservice architectures, describes log, tracing, and metric monitoring, compares open‑source tracing tools, outlines fault‑tolerance strategies such as timeout, rate‑limiting, degradation, async buffering and circuit breaking, and details access‑security mechanisms including gateway authentication, service‑side auth, and OAuth2.0 token flows, while also introducing container technology and its role in microservice deployment.
This article outlines a comprehensive data quality assurance framework for a massive reporting platform, covering the data pipeline architecture, detailed testing methods for timeliness, completeness, and accuracy, as well as application‑level checks, downgrade and backup strategies, and future automation plans.
This article provides a comprehensive guide to microservice monitoring—including log, tracing, and metrics approaches—fault‑tolerance isolation techniques, access‑security mechanisms such as API‑gateway and OAuth2.0, and the role of container technologies like Docker in cloud‑native deployments.
The article explains the concept of white‑screen time, its impact on user experience, and presents multiple detection methods—including Navigation Timing API, MutationObserver, element‑point analysis, and headless‑browser simulation—along with implementation code and a monitoring‑alert architecture for front‑end performance optimization.
This article outlines practical guidelines for designing Prometheus metrics, covering how to define monitoring targets, choose appropriate vectors and labels, name metrics and labels correctly, select histogram buckets, and leverage Grafana features to visualize and troubleshoot data effectively.
This guide walks you through designing a simple front‑back separation microservice architecture, implementing it with Java Spring Boot, deploying multiple instances with Eureka, adding Prometheus‑Grafana monitoring, logging, tracing, flow control, and finally installing Kubernetes using K8seasy and verifying high‑availability across the cluster.
Baidu’s advertising platform computes high‑precision response‑time quantiles at massive scale by intercepting each API call, locally summarizing data with mergeable T‑Digest histograms, periodically uploading compressed, Base64‑encoded summaries to a warehouse where they are merged on demand, enabling low‑latency, cost‑effective percentile analysis with sub‑0.1% error.
This comprehensive guide traces the evolution of open‑source monitoring solutions from the early 2000s to modern cloud‑native tools, comparing their strengths, weaknesses, and ideal deployment scenarios to help IT professionals select the most suitable monitoring product for their infrastructure.
This article introduces essential Redis operational tools, covering the INFO command for monitoring, Prometheus‑based redis‑exporter visualization, the Redis‑shake data migration utility, Redis‑full‑check consistency verification, and the CacheCloud platform for comprehensive cluster management.
This article presents a comprehensive roadmap for adopting microservice architecture, explaining why it is chosen, outlining essential concerns such as Docker, container orchestration, API gateways, load balancing, service discovery, event buses, logging, monitoring, tracing, data persistence, caching, and cloud providers, and recommending popular tools for each component.
This article compares Kubernetes pod monitoring metrics with traditional KVM/VM metrics across CPU, memory, disk, and network, explaining the underlying reasons for the differences and offering guidance on interpreting the data for effective performance troubleshooting.
This guide walks startup leaders through designing and assembling a full backend technology stack—from language and component choices to processes, systems, and deployment tools—providing practical recommendations, diagrams, and best‑practice tips for building scalable, maintainable services.
The article describes how Haodf's SRE team replaced Elasticsearch with ClickHouse to handle massive microservice logs, achieve low‑latency queries, reduce storage costs, and support real‑time monitoring, tracing, and metric analysis through columnar OLAP features, sharding, TTL, and materialized views.
This guide walks through setting up Sentry Relay on your own hardware using Docker, covering recommended deployment patterns, system requirements, configuration options, performance tuning, request routing, and monitoring to securely forward events to sentry.io.
This article presents a comprehensive overview of constructing an intelligent risk control tool system, detailing its evolution from manual processes to automated platforms, describing the core "three‑piece" suite (model, decision, and feature platforms) along with supporting data and monitoring platforms, and explaining the functions and interactions of each module such as data ingestion, feature engineering, automated modeling, decision flow, and real‑time monitoring.
As agile development matures, QA moves beyond functional testing; this article explains test right‑shift in a game project, covering stable release strategies, log‑based monitoring, opinion monitoring, performance monitoring, and risk control mechanisms.
This article describes the background, architecture, and implementation of a centralized database log collection and analysis platform built in 2021, detailing how logs from hosts, containers, and databases are normalized, streamed through Kafka, processed with Flink, stored in Elasticsearch, visualized with Kibana, and extended with alerting and configuration management to improve fault diagnosis and lay the groundwork for future AI‑driven operations.
This guide walks through installing Prometheus and Node Exporter on a Linux server, copying binaries to system paths, configuring Prometheus with scrape jobs for the local node and remote hosts, and running the exporters with specific collector options for system metrics.
