The article traces the evolution of network hardware—from early PCs without networking, through cables, NICs, repeaters, hubs, bridges, and switches, to routers, wireless APs, firewalls and traffic‑control devices—explaining each device's role, limitations, and how they solve specific networking problems.
This article explains how operations‑research techniques such as mixed‑integer programming, column generation, and partitioned solving are applied to large‑scale supply‑chain network design, illustrating model formulation, constraints, computational challenges, and the benefits of generating high‑quality initial solutions for faster convergence.
This article provides a detailed overview of modern data center architecture, covering physical and IT infrastructure, network topologies such as three‑tier and spine‑leaf, storage solutions like DAS, NAS and SAN, server designs, cloud data‑center components, physical site considerations, and various data‑center deployment models.
This article outlines fundamental design principles for data center networks—scalability, availability, flexibility, and security—and examines modern topologies such as Fabric with M‑LAG, Overlay, Spine‑Leaf, and BGP‑EVPN, while also highlighting emerging trends like high‑bandwidth SDN, heterogeneous compute clusters, and intelligent, cost‑effective operations.
This comprehensive guide walks you through VLAN fundamentals, including broadcast domain concepts, VLAN creation mechanisms, access and trunk links, static and dynamic VLAN types, inter-VLAN routing with routers and layer‑3 switches, and performance‑boosting techniques, providing a complete roadmap for designing and managing modern LANs.
This article explains how BIGO’s backbone network achieves high availability through a three‑layer design—control‑plane HA using ETCD‑based Raft leader election, data‑plane HA with MPLS SR‑Policy and intermediate Route‑Reflection layers, and business‑level HA that combines traffic, optimization, and fault scheduling to ensure seamless service continuity.
This guide explains the evolution of computer networking—from early isolated PCs to modern LAN components like cables, NICs, repeaters, hubs, bridges, switches, routers, wireless access points, firewalls, and traffic‑control devices—while offering solutions for common issues such as cable length, port limitations, speed, distance, security, and congestion across home, small‑business, campus, and data‑center environments.
Bilibili's network team designed and evolved its data‑center fabric from a stacked Layer‑2 V1.0 architecture through an M‑LAG EBGP‑based V2.0 design to a uniform box‑type V3.0 deployment, achieving greater stability, scalability, cost efficiency, and operational simplicity via extensive ARP, LACP, DHCP, hash, and BGP optimizations.
The article explains switch stacking—a method of connecting multiple stack‑capable switches into a single logical device—to improve reliability, expand port count, increase bandwidth, simplify network design, and support long‑distance deployments, while detailing supported hardware, role definitions, and step‑by‑step setup procedures.
This article explains how UCloud leverages Segment Routing to redesign its backbone network, detailing the architecture, control‑plane and forwarding‑plane designs, traffic‑engineering features, multi‑scenario access, and future evolution to achieve intelligent, reliable, and highly schedulable connectivity.
This technical talk introduces video object segmentation tasks, reviews leading datasets and state-of-the-art deep learning models, and shares practical network design rules and performance‑boosting techniques, presented by Prof. Wang Xinggang as part of Alibaba's MEDIA AI challenge series.
The article provides a comprehensive technical overview of Cisco's FabricPath spine‑and‑leaf network, detailing its encapsulation, control plane, broadcast handling, host discovery, multicast support, layer‑3 routing options, multitenancy features, and hardware requirements.
The article explains how to select and design disaster‑recovery communication links by evaluating distance, bandwidth, transmission media, and multiplexing techniques such as DWDM, FDM, and TDM, while balancing cost, reliability, and application requirements.
This article provides a detailed technical guide on selecting and designing disaster‑recovery communication links, covering distance and bandwidth requirements, fiber types, multiplexing methods, and cost‑effective solutions such as DWDM, SDH, and Ethernet‑based connections.
This article explains how integrating IP SAN and FC SAN with FCoE simplifies data‑center networks, reduces hardware and power consumption, improves flexibility and reliability, and details the deployment modes, access‑layer design, high‑availability considerations, and traffic models for a unified LAN/SAN architecture.
This article explains why dual‑active data centers are needed, outlines the evolution from primary‑backup to active‑active designs, and provides detailed guidance on implementing dual‑active solutions across the data, storage, application, and virtualization layers, including critical networking and performance considerations.
This article details Shandong Mobile's cloud‑based dual‑active architecture, covering virtualization, VMware HA/DRS, Oracle GoldenGate and ADG optimizations, large Layer‑2 network designs, heartbeat mechanisms to avoid split‑brain, comprehensive testing scenarios, and the resulting reductions in downtime and hardware costs.
This article presents a comprehensive overview of the IT infrastructure model used by a fast‑growing internet company, detailing layered design from business to data‑center, high‑availability services, automation, and the five‑fold approach of service, standardization, automation, self‑service, and technology.
The article explains three primary LAN port‑expansion methods—cascading, stacking, and virtual stacking—detailing their topologies, redundancy mechanisms, loop‑prevention techniques, device management considerations, deployment guidelines, and the advanced StackWise technology used in modern Cisco switches.
This article outlines eight essential considerations—including industry type, network size, complexity, workload dynamics, VM count, agility needs, security simplification, and resource availability—that organizations should assess to determine whether Software‑Defined Networking is a suitable investment.
