BestHub
Sign in
Cloud Architecture
Author

Cloud Architecture

Focuses on cloud‑native and distributed architecture engineering, sharing practical solutions and lessons learned. Covers microservice governance, Kubernetes, observability, and stability engineering to help your systems run stable, fast, and cost‑effectively.

217
Articles
0
Likes
1.1k
Views
0
Comments
Recent Articles

Latest from Cloud Architecture

100 recent articles max
Cloud Architecture
Cloud Architecture
Sep 24, 2026 · Backend Development

Scaling Spring Boot Sign-In to 100M Users: Distributed Architecture Evolution & Production Hardening

This article details the evolution of a Spring Boot daily sign-in system from 10K to 100M users, covering Redis bitmap sharding, Lua atomic operations, command outbox pattern, Kafka async reward processing, idempotency guarantees, fault tolerance strategies, and production-grade observability with real incident postmortems.

BitmapCommand OutboxKafka
0 likes · 36 min read
Scaling Spring Boot Sign-In to 100M Users: Distributed Architecture Evolution & Production Hardening
Cloud Architecture
Cloud Architecture
Sep 19, 2026 · Databases

Beyond COUNT_STAR=0: Auditable MySQL Index Removal with performance_schema

This article presents a rigorous, production-ready framework for MySQL index governance that moves beyond simplistic zero-usage checks, using performance_schema observation windows, structural gatekeeping, invisible index canary testing, and quantified rollback metrics to safely identify and remove redundant indexes without risking query regressions.

ObservabilitySQL Tuningdatabase administration
0 likes · 29 min read
Beyond COUNT_STAR=0: Auditable MySQL Index Removal with performance_schema
Cloud Architecture
Cloud Architecture
Sep 18, 2026 · Databases

From Ad-Hoc Indexing to Verifiable Governance: MySQL Index Governance at Scale

This article details a production-grade MySQL index governance system for high-concurrency e-commerce, covering evidence collection, invisible index validation, automated change gates, regression detection, and a case study reducing order-list P99 from 2.3s to 170ms while preventing unsafe deletions.

Online DDLe-commercehigh concurrency
0 likes · 38 min read
From Ad-Hoc Indexing to Verifiable Governance: MySQL Index Governance at Scale
Cloud Architecture
Cloud Architecture
Sep 17, 2026 · Databases

Indexes Aren't Free: Production Index Governance for High-Write Order Systems

This article presents a comprehensive index governance methodology for high-write MySQL order systems, demonstrating through a real incident how a read-optimized index caused write latency, replica lag, and timeouts, and detailing a reusable process covering query-driven design, cost measurement, validation, change buffer limits, index convergence, safe deletion, read-write routing, sharding, transactional outbox, idempotent consumers, online DDL safeguards, gating, and long-term ownership.

Capacity PlanningChange BufferDescending Indexes
0 likes · 29 min read
Indexes Aren't Free: Production Index Governance for High-Write Order Systems
Cloud Architecture
Cloud Architecture
Sep 16, 2026 · Databases

When Indexes Become Write Killers: MySQL Order Table Write Performance Collapse Postmortem

Adding three secondary indexes to a MySQL 8.0 orders table caused write P99 latency to jump from 15ms to 2.3s and TPS to drop from 4800 to 1100 during peak hours; the article details a reproducible forensic process using A/B testing, invisible indexes, and sysbench to prove the culprit index had zero read benefit and safely remove it.

A/B testingInnoDBMySQL 8.0
0 likes · 23 min read
When Indexes Become Write Killers: MySQL Order Table Write Performance Collapse Postmortem
Cloud Architecture
Cloud Architecture
Sep 13, 2026 · Backend Development

Production-Grade RAG with Spring AI: Verifiable, Rollbackable, Auditable Knowledge Base

This article details a production-ready customer service knowledge base built with Spring AI 2.0.1 and Milvus, covering immutable index versioning, tenant-isolated retrieval with parameterized filters, deterministic chunk IDs, idempotent ingestion pipelines, dual-index blue-green deployments, and comprehensive observability with automated rollback triggers.

Knowledge BaseKubernetesMilvus
0 likes · 27 min read
Production-Grade RAG with Spring AI: Verifiable, Rollbackable, Auditable Knowledge Base
Cloud Architecture
Cloud Architecture
Sep 12, 2026 · Backend Development

From Monolith to Distributed: Spring AI Embedding Product Semantic Recall System

This article details the evolution of a product semantic recall system using Spring AI Embedding, covering architecture design, reliable vector indexing with Outbox pattern, hybrid search fusion, pgvector HNSW tuning, and safe migration to Milvus, with production readiness criteria and observability practices.

EmbeddingHybrid SearchMilvus
0 likes · 20 min read
From Monolith to Distributed: Spring AI Embedding Product Semantic Recall System
Cloud Architecture
Cloud Architecture
Sep 10, 2026 · Operations

From Firefighting to Fire Prevention: Production-Grade Database Monitoring with Prometheus & Grafana

This comprehensive guide details building a production-grade database monitoring system using Prometheus and Grafana, covering SLI/SLO design, alerting strategies, architecture, metric selection, security, Prometheus configuration, Alertmanager routing, Grafana dashboards, scaling, incident response runbooks, anti-patterns, and operational processes to shift from reactive firefighting to proactive prevention.

AlertingAlertmanagerDatabase Monitoring
0 likes · 42 min read
From Firefighting to Fire Prevention: Production-Grade Database Monitoring with Prometheus & Grafana
Cloud Architecture
Cloud Architecture
Sep 9, 2026 · Backend Development

Production-Grade Spring Boot API Encryption: RSA + AES-GCM Protocol & Implementation

This article details a production-ready end-to-end encryption protocol for Spring Boot APIs using RSA-OAEP for key wrapping and AES-GCM for payload encryption, covering protocol specification, replay protection with Redis, key rotation strategies, filter-based decryption, testing failure paths, observability, and deployment validation.

AES-GCMAPI EncryptionKey Rotation
0 likes · 43 min read
Production-Grade Spring Boot API Encryption: RSA + AES-GCM Protocol & Implementation