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851 articles · Page 8 of 9
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Sep 19, 2019 · Industry Insights

Why 400G Optical Modules Are Poised to Transform Data Centers

The article analyzes the rapid growth of 400G optical modules, comparing OSFP and QSFP‑DD form factors, detailing Cisco's new Nexus 400G switch lineup and Broadcom's BCM87400 PAM‑4 PHY, and explains how these technologies are set to meet expanding data‑center bandwidth demands while highlighting market adoption trends and potential cost trade‑offs.

400GBroadcomCisco
0 likes · 16 min read
Why 400G Optical Modules Are Poised to Transform Data Centers
21CTO
21CTO
Sep 18, 2019 · Backend Development

What I Learned From My Go Backend Engineer Interview at Tencent

After six months of studying MySQL, Redis, and distributed systems, I tackled a Go backend engineer interview at Tencent, detailing the questions on networking, databases, OS concepts, system design, and my reflections on what to improve for future interviews.

NetworkingSystem Designdistributed systems
0 likes · 9 min read
What I Learned From My Go Backend Engineer Interview at Tencent
DevOps Cloud Academy
DevOps Cloud Academy
Aug 31, 2019 · Cloud Computing

Configuring Proxy Settings for Minikube Installation

This guide explains how to set up a proxy machine, configure proxy environment variables on Linux, and test the proxy to ensure Minikube can access external resources, while reminding users to open the necessary proxy ports on the server.

Networkingenvironment-variablesproxy
0 likes · 2 min read
Configuring Proxy Settings for Minikube Installation
Tencent Cloud Developer
Tencent Cloud Developer
Aug 19, 2019 · Backend Development

Backend Development Concepts and Terminology Overview

The article offers a comprehensive overview of backend development, explaining core system design principles, architectural patterns, network communication techniques, fault handling strategies, monitoring and alerting practices, service governance mechanisms, testing methodologies, and deployment workflows, from high cohesion and scaling to gray‑scale releases and rollbacks.

BASECAPMicroservices
0 likes · 26 min read
Backend Development Concepts and Terminology Overview
DevOps Cloud Academy
DevOps Cloud Academy
Aug 9, 2019 · Fundamentals

Layered Thinking: OSI and TCP/IP Reference Models

This article explains the layered design concept for network protocols, detailing the OSI seven‑layer model and the TCP/IP four‑layer model, their functions, and how they simplify communication, troubleshooting, and service provision across network devices.

NetworkingOSI modelTCP/IP
0 likes · 4 min read
Layered Thinking: OSI and TCP/IP Reference Models
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Aug 1, 2019 · Fundamentals

NVMe/TCP Q&A: Technical Overview and Answers to Common Questions

This article provides a comprehensive technical overview of NVMe over TCP, covering its specification status, required host components, namespace limits, latency impact, OS support, performance considerations with DPDK, TCP congestion control, R2T handling, upgrade procedures, open‑source implementations, comparisons with iSCSI, NVMe/FC, and NVMe/RDMA, as well as practical guidance for data‑center deployments.

LinuxNVMeNVMe/TCP
0 likes · 10 min read
NVMe/TCP Q&A: Technical Overview and Answers to Common Questions
Full-Stack Internet Architecture
Full-Stack Internet Architecture
Jul 23, 2019 · Fundamentals

Understanding HTTP: Origins, TCP/IP Foundations, Connection Process, Requests, Responses, and Connection Teardown

This comprehensive article explains the origins of HTTP, its relationship with the TCP/IP protocol suite, the three‑way handshake for establishing connections, the structure of HTTP request and response messages, status codes, long and short connections, and the four‑step termination process, providing essential knowledge for web development and networking interviews.

Client‑ServerHTTPNetworking
0 likes · 13 min read
Understanding HTTP: Origins, TCP/IP Foundations, Connection Process, Requests, Responses, and Connection Teardown
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Jul 17, 2019 · Fundamentals

Understanding NVMe over Fabrics: Protocols, RDMA, and Fabric Options

This article explains the NVMe over Fabrics architecture, compares various fabric transports such as FC, InfiniBand, RoCE v2, iWARP and TCP, and details how RDMA‑based technologies like zero‑copy, kernel bypass and CPU‑free transfers give NVMe‑oF its performance advantages while also covering protocol differences, FC‑NVMe, and the emergence of NVMe/TCP.

FabricsNVMeNetworking
0 likes · 11 min read
Understanding NVMe over Fabrics: Protocols, RDMA, and Fabric Options
Cloud Native Technology Community
Cloud Native Technology Community
Jun 19, 2019 · Cloud Native

How Kube-OVN 0.5 Boosts Kubernetes NetworkPolicy and Custom Networking

Kube-OVN 0.5 introduces full Kubernetes NetworkPolicy support via Openflow, customizable container interfaces and MTU, automatic system parameter tuning, auto‑computed default gateways, and additional CLI options, while its open‑source design brings comprehensive OVN‑based networking features to Kubernetes across diverse platforms.

Cloud NativeKube-OVNKubernetes
0 likes · 5 min read
How Kube-OVN 0.5 Boosts Kubernetes NetworkPolicy and Custom Networking
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Jun 13, 2019 · Fundamentals

Understanding OpenFabrics Enterprise Distribution (OFED) and the InfiniBand Software Architecture

This article explains the OpenFabrics Enterprise Distribution (OFED) ecosystem, its history, the InfiniBand hardware and software stack, key protocols such as IPoIB, SDP and iSER, and how these technologies enable high‑performance, low‑latency networking across Linux, Windows and virtualized environments.

High-Performance ComputingInfiniBandLinux
0 likes · 12 min read
Understanding OpenFabrics Enterprise Distribution (OFED) and the InfiniBand Software Architecture
21CTO
21CTO
May 2, 2019 · Backend Development

Why cURL Remains Free and Open Source: Insights from Its Creator

This article chronicles the history of cURL, its creator Daniel Stenberg, the reasons behind its open‑source, free licensing, the global community that sustains it, and the personal motivations that keep the project thriving after two decades of development.

Command LineDaniel StenbergHTTP
0 likes · 8 min read
Why cURL Remains Free and Open Source: Insights from Its Creator
Java Captain
Java Captain
Apr 14, 2019 · Fundamentals

Understanding TCP Three-Way Handshake and Four-Way Termination for Interviews

This article explains the TCP three‑way handshake and four‑way termination processes, their state transitions, key interview points such as ISN, half‑connection queues, data transmission during handshakes, and the importance of the TIME_WAIT state, providing detailed answers suitable for technical interviews.

Four-way terminationInterview PreparationNetworking
0 likes · 12 min read
Understanding TCP Three-Way Handshake and Four-Way Termination for Interviews
Efficient Ops
Efficient Ops
Apr 7, 2019 · Fundamentals

How DNS Works: From Queries to Root Servers Explained

DNS, the Internet’s core naming system, translates human‑readable domain names into IP addresses; this article explains its fundamentals, the multi‑step query process shown with the dig tool, server hierarchy, record types, security concerns, and handy command‑line utilities for inspection.

DNSDNS RecordsDomain Name System
0 likes · 15 min read
How DNS Works: From Queries to Root Servers Explained
360 Tech Engineering
360 Tech Engineering
Apr 4, 2019 · Backend Development

Implementing HTTP/2 Server Push in Go

This article demonstrates how to add on‑demand and periodic HTTP/2 server‑push functionality in Go, explaining the required handlers, showing complete Go code examples, and detailing the HTTP/2 frame exchange observed with an h2c client.

GoHTTP/2Networking
0 likes · 7 min read
Implementing HTTP/2 Server Push in Go
Java Captain
Java Captain
Mar 24, 2019 · Fundamentals

Networking Fundamentals: HTTP Status Codes, Redirect vs Forward, TCP/UDP Differences, OSI Model, GET vs POST, and Cross‑Origin Techniques

This article explains key networking concepts including the meaning and differences of HTTP 301/302 status codes, forward versus redirect mechanisms, TCP versus UDP characteristics, the TCP three‑way handshake, OSI layers, GET versus POST request distinctions, and multiple cross‑origin solutions such as JSONP, CORS, window.name, postMessage, and proxies.

Cross-OriginHTTPNetworking
0 likes · 14 min read
Networking Fundamentals: HTTP Status Codes, Redirect vs Forward, TCP/UDP Differences, OSI Model, GET vs POST, and Cross‑Origin Techniques
UCloud Tech
UCloud Tech
Mar 21, 2019 · Cloud Native

How Kernel Innovations Enable Scalable Multi‑Tenant Cloud Gateways

UCloud’s external gateway redesign leverages Linux kernel 5.0 features—lightweight tunneling, VRF, and flow offload—to replace OVS/GRE tunnels, addressing IP tunnel complexity, tenant isolation overhead, and netns performance penalties, while contributing patches back to the open‑source community.

GatewayLinux kernelNetworking
0 likes · 15 min read
How Kernel Innovations Enable Scalable Multi‑Tenant Cloud Gateways
Efficient Ops
Efficient Ops
Mar 20, 2019 · Operations

Master Essential Linux Commands for Efficient System Operations

This guide walks through practical Linux commands—including xargs, background execution, resource monitoring, multitail, continuous ping logging, netstat analysis, and SSH port forwarding—to help sysadmins write concise scripts, troubleshoot performance, and automate routine tasks effectively.

LinuxNetworkingshell
0 likes · 11 min read
Master Essential Linux Commands for Efficient System Operations
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Mar 20, 2019 · Fundamentals

Evolution and Standards of Ethernet Technology: From 10 Mbps to 100 Gbps

This article traces the historical development of Ethernet—from its 1973 inception and early coaxial media through successive IEEE standards such as 10BASE‑T, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, and 10 GbE—detailing cable types, wiring schemes, fiber optics, transceiver modules, and auto‑negotiation mechanisms that underpin modern networking.

Auto-NegotiationEthernetNetworking
0 likes · 12 min read
Evolution and Standards of Ethernet Technology: From 10 Mbps to 100 Gbps
ITPUB
ITPUB
Mar 5, 2019 · Backend Development

What Do Top Tech Companies Really Test in Linux Server Engineer Interviews?

The article shares a developer’s experience interviewing at over 30 Chinese tech firms, breaking down three main interview focuses—data structures and algorithms, operating‑system and core‑technology knowledge, and project experience—while also offering practical advice on networking questions, open‑source tools, and how to evaluate a company's interview process.

C++Data StructuresInterview
0 likes · 16 min read
What Do Top Tech Companies Really Test in Linux Server Engineer Interviews?
21CTO
21CTO
Mar 4, 2019 · Fundamentals

Master Technical Interviews: Data Structures, OS, Networking & C++ Tips

The article shares the author’s interview experiences at over 30 companies and provides a comprehensive guide covering data‑structure and algorithm questions, core C++ concepts, operating‑system fundamentals, networking protocols, open‑source tools, project‑experience expectations, and practical advice for evaluating both technical and non‑technical aspects of potential employers.

C++Data StructuresLinux
0 likes · 16 min read
Master Technical Interviews: Data Structures, OS, Networking & C++ Tips
iQIYI Technical Product Team
iQIYI Technical Product Team
Mar 1, 2019 · Operations

DPVS: High‑Performance User‑Space Load Balancer – Architecture, Features, and Deployment

DPVS is an open‑source, DPDK‑based user‑space load balancer that achieves line‑rate throughput by assigning each worker to a dedicated CPU core and NIC queue, provides lock‑free per‑CPU data structures and multiple forwarding modes including NAT64, and simplifies maintenance while supporting IPv4/IPv6 in large‑scale production deployments.

DPDKDPVSLoad Balancing
0 likes · 19 min read
DPVS: High‑Performance User‑Space Load Balancer – Architecture, Features, and Deployment
Java Backend Technology
Java Backend Technology
Feb 28, 2019 · Cloud Computing

Journey to the West Meets Cloud Networking: VPC, BGP, TLS Explained

Using a vivid Journey to the West allegory, this article walks through cloud networking fundamentals—from regions, availability zones, and VPCs to BGP routing, DNS resolution, TCP handshakes, TLS encryption, load balancing, and micro‑service communication—illustrating each concept with clear diagrams and analogies.

BGPCloud ComputingLoad Balancing
0 likes · 33 min read
Journey to the West Meets Cloud Networking: VPC, BGP, TLS Explained
Practical DevOps Architecture
Practical DevOps Architecture
Feb 27, 2019 · Operations

Comprehensive Operations Engineering Guide: Concepts, Tools, and Interview Questions

This article provides a detailed overview of operations engineering, covering the definition of ops and game ops, interactions with product teams, server management strategies, RAID levels, load‑balancing technologies (LVS, Nginx, HAProxy), caching solutions, middleware, MySQL troubleshooting, backup methods, Keepalived, Linux security, networking layers, and practical shell scripts for monitoring and automation.

Networkingload-balancing
0 likes · 34 min read
Comprehensive Operations Engineering Guide: Concepts, Tools, and Interview Questions
Programmer DD
Programmer DD
Jan 29, 2019 · Fundamentals

Deep Dive into HTTP: From Packet Capture to Protocol Mechanics

This comprehensive tutorial walks through capturing HTTP traffic with Wireshark and tcpdump, decodes raw TCP packets, explains request and response structures, explores encoding, MIME types, methods, status codes, and advanced topics such as proxies, caching, cookies, redirection, and connection management, giving developers a solid understanding of how HTTP works under the hood.

HTTPNetworkingTCP
0 likes · 30 min read
Deep Dive into HTTP: From Packet Capture to Protocol Mechanics
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Jan 28, 2019 · Operations

Mastering LVS Load Balancing: From Fundamentals to Practical NAT/DR Configurations

This comprehensive guide explains the concepts, architecture, and operation principles of Linux Virtual Server (LVS) load‑balancing clusters, details the NAT, DR, and Tun modes, compares scheduling algorithms, and provides step‑by‑step scripts and commands for setting up high‑availability LVS environments with keepalived.

High AvailabilityIPVSLVS
0 likes · 26 min read
Mastering LVS Load Balancing: From Fundamentals to Practical NAT/DR Configurations
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Jan 26, 2019 · Backend Development

Hijack Windows Login Passwords with a Python Socket Script

This tutorial shows how to create a Python client‑server pair that randomly generates a new Windows login password on a target machine, sends it over a socket to your server, and demonstrates how to revert the change using built‑in commands.

NetworkingScriptSocket
0 likes · 5 min read
Hijack Windows Login Passwords with a Python Socket Script
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Jan 13, 2019 · Fundamentals

Overview of InfiniBand Technology and Its Protocol Stack

This article provides a comprehensive overview of InfiniBand technology, covering its open‑standard architecture, history, OFED software stack, protocol layers, performance advantages over traditional storage networks, and its primary use cases in high‑performance computing and data‑center environments.

High-Performance ComputingInfiniBandNetworking
0 likes · 11 min read
Overview of InfiniBand Technology and Its Protocol Stack
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Jan 6, 2019 · Fundamentals

Mastering Ethernet: Key Switch Features, Standards, and VLAN Essentials

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Ethernet switching, covering data‑link layer functions, IEEE 802.3 family standards, duplex modes, MAC/IP addressing, auto‑negotiation, flow‑control mechanisms, VLAN concepts, broadcast‑storm mitigation, trunking, and mainframe storage interfaces such as ESCON and FICON.

ESCONEthernetFICON
0 likes · 17 min read
Mastering Ethernet: Key Switch Features, Standards, and VLAN Essentials
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Jan 4, 2019 · Fundamentals

Evolution and Standards of Ethernet Technology: From 10 Mbps to 100 Gbps

This article traces the historical development of Ethernet—from its 1973 inception and early 2.94 Mbps implementations through successive IEEE standards such as 10 Mbps DIX, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, 10 GbE, and 100 GbE—detailing the physical media, cabling types, connector standards, and auto‑negotiation mechanisms that have shaped modern networking.

EthernetGigabitNetworking
0 likes · 11 min read
Evolution and Standards of Ethernet Technology: From 10 Mbps to 100 Gbps
Aikesheng Open Source Community
Aikesheng Open Source Community
Dec 30, 2018 · Operations

Analysis of TCP Connection Failures Caused by ARP Queue Length (unres_qlen) in Linux Kernels

The article investigates intermittent TCP connection failures during application server startup caused by the Linux kernel ARP queue length parameter unres_qlen, reproduces the issue with a concurrent connection test, analyzes kernel internals, and recommends increasing unres_qlen for kernels prior to 3.3.

Connection PoolingNetworkingTCP
0 likes · 8 min read
Analysis of TCP Connection Failures Caused by ARP Queue Length (unres_qlen) in Linux Kernels
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Dec 29, 2018 · Fundamentals

Master DNS: From Basics to Advanced Queries Explained

This article provides a comprehensive guide to DNS, covering its purpose, hierarchical query process, server roles, record types, and practical command‑line tools like dig, host, and nslookup, enabling readers to fully understand and troubleshoot domain name resolution.

DNSDomain Name SystemInternet Protocols
0 likes · 17 min read
Master DNS: From Basics to Advanced Queries Explained
21CTO
21CTO
Dec 16, 2018 · R&D Management

How to Supercharge Your First 3 Years as a Developer – CTO’s Practical Guide

A seasoned CTO shares concrete advice for junior developers, covering tool selection, goal setting, continuous learning, communication skills, networking, and choosing the right company, all aimed at maximizing growth and long‑term career value during the critical early years.

NetworkingToolboxcareer advice
0 likes · 14 min read
How to Supercharge Your First 3 Years as a Developer – CTO’s Practical Guide
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Dec 14, 2018 · Operations

Mastering Load Balancing: From HTTP Redirects to LVS Direct Routing

This article explains the concept of load balancing, compares HTTP redirection, DNS‑based balancing, reverse‑proxy solutions, and Linux Virtual Server techniques (LVS‑NAT, LVS‑DR, LVS‑TUN), detailing their mechanisms, advantages, limitations, and practical configuration commands for building scalable, high‑performance server farms.

DNSLVSLinux
0 likes · 14 min read
Mastering Load Balancing: From HTTP Redirects to LVS Direct Routing
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Nov 28, 2018 · Fundamentals

Challenge Your IT Skills with 14 Quiz Questions on Databases, Linux, and Python

This article presents a set of 14 multiple‑choice and short‑answer questions covering database indexing, locking mechanisms, DELETE behavior, network protocols, OSPF LSA types, Linux signals, port inspection, list deduplication, Python data structures, class inheritance, HTTP GET/POST differences, site reliability improvements, and hash function evaluation.

DatabasesIT fundamentalsNetworking
0 likes · 8 min read
Challenge Your IT Skills with 14 Quiz Questions on Databases, Linux, and Python
UC Tech Team
UC Tech Team
Nov 12, 2018 · Fundamentals

HTTP/3: Renaming HTTP-over-QUIC and Its Evolution

This article explains how the protocol formerly known as HTTP-over-QUIC was officially renamed to HTTP/3, outlines the role of the IETF QUIC working group, the distinction between iQUIC and gQUIC, and highlights key interoperability milestones and resources.

HTTP/3IETFNetworking
0 likes · 3 min read
HTTP/3: Renaming HTTP-over-QUIC and Its Evolution
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Nov 8, 2018 · Operations

Essential Linux Commands and Scripts for System Administration

A comprehensive collection of Linux commands and shell scripts covering mounting Windows shares, monitoring HTTP concurrency, network sniffing, log analysis, file system checks, boot sequence, link types, partition handling, FTP modes, and various automation tasks for effective system administration.

NetworkingShell scripting
0 likes · 16 min read
Essential Linux Commands and Scripts for System Administration
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Oct 18, 2018 · Fundamentals

Master Python File I/O and System Scripting with 10 Practical Exercises

This guide walks you through Python's built‑in open() function, file modes, reading and writing techniques, directory traversal with os.walk, and a series of practical scripts including a triangle printer, number‑guessing game, log analysis, IP counting, prime number generator, command‑line argument handling, web page fetching, process memory aggregation, port monitoring, and SNMP‑based CPU and network traffic monitoring.

MonitoringNetworkingPython
0 likes · 17 min read
Master Python File I/O and System Scripting with 10 Practical Exercises
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Oct 13, 2018 · Backend Development

Why Netty Dominates Modern High‑Performance Network Applications

Netty is a high‑performance, asynchronous, event‑driven NIO framework that supports TCP, UDP and file transfer, offering robust, customizable, and scalable networking solutions widely adopted across internet, big‑data, gaming and telecom industries, with detailed analysis of its architecture, I/O model, threading, serialization, reliability, traffic shaping, graceful shutdown, and security features.

AsynchronousNIONetty
0 likes · 21 min read
Why Netty Dominates Modern High‑Performance Network Applications
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Sep 28, 2018 · Operations

Essential Linux Commands and Scripts for System Administration

A comprehensive collection of Linux commands, shell one‑liners, and multi‑line scripts covering file sharing, network monitoring, process inspection, disk management, boot sequence, link types, user creation, FTP modes, and service automation to help sysadmins work efficiently.

Networkingshellsysadmin
0 likes · 16 min read
Essential Linux Commands and Scripts for System Administration
21CTO
21CTO
Sep 9, 2018 · Operations

Master wget: Powerful Command-Line Download Techniques for Linux

This guide explains how to use the Linux wget utility for reliable, automated file downloads, covering basic syntax, essential options for background execution, recursive mirroring, bandwidth limiting, proxy handling, logging, and a dozen practical examples that demonstrate common scenarios such as resuming interrupted transfers and downloading entire websites.

AutomationFile DownloadLinux
0 likes · 18 min read
Master wget: Powerful Command-Line Download Techniques for Linux
Programmer DD
Programmer DD
Sep 8, 2018 · Fundamentals

Understanding Linux User/Kernel Space and I/O Models: From Blocking to Zero‑Copy

This article explains Linux's separation of user and kernel address spaces, details the five classic network I/O models—blocking, non‑blocking, I/O multiplexing, signal‑driven, and asynchronous—and introduces zero‑copy techniques such as mmap, sendfile and splice to reduce data copying overhead.

I/O ModelsKernel SpaceLinux
0 likes · 20 min read
Understanding Linux User/Kernel Space and I/O Models: From Blocking to Zero‑Copy
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Sep 2, 2018 · Operations

Essential Linux Ops Interview Guide: 30+ Questions & Solutions

A comprehensive collection of Linux operations interview questions and answers covering topics such as system maintenance, networking, load balancing, RAID, MySQL, scripting, security, and troubleshooting, providing practical guidance for candidates seeking high‑pay Linux sysadmin roles.

InterviewLinuxNetworking
0 likes · 42 min read
Essential Linux Ops Interview Guide: 30+ Questions & Solutions
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Aug 23, 2018 · Operations

Inside Alibaba’s Vision for the Future of Network Technology at SIGCOMM 2018

Alibaba showcased its cutting‑edge network research at SIGCOMM 2018, highlighting programmable hardware, integrated software‑hardware designs, AI‑driven operations, the Hyper‑scale Edge Network vision, hierarchical network lifecycle management, large‑scale RDMA deployment, and advanced network visualization, positioning itself alongside leading global tech firms.

AlibabaNetworkingRDMA
0 likes · 8 min read
Inside Alibaba’s Vision for the Future of Network Technology at SIGCOMM 2018
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Aug 21, 2018 · Cloud Native

An Overview of Docker: Architecture, Networking, Storage, and Its Role in Cloud Native, PaaS, IaaS, DevOps, and Microservices

This article provides a comprehensive introduction to Docker, covering its open‑source origins, client‑server architecture, networking and storage solutions, integration with PaaS/IaaS platforms, impact on DevOps practices, and its pivotal role in enabling modern microservice architectures.

Cloud NativeDockerMicroservices
0 likes · 12 min read
An Overview of Docker: Architecture, Networking, Storage, and Its Role in Cloud Native, PaaS, IaaS, DevOps, and Microservices
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Aug 7, 2018 · Fundamentals

Why Does Ping Fail? From Theory to Real‑World Network Troubleshooting

This article walks through fundamental networking concepts such as routing tables, ifconfig, and ARP, demonstrates how a ping request is processed across subnets and gateways, shows real‑world packet captures, and explains how a misconfigured HSRP caused intermittent connectivity issues, offering practical troubleshooting steps.

Networkingarpping
0 likes · 16 min read
Why Does Ping Fail? From Theory to Real‑World Network Troubleshooting
Java Captain
Java Captain
Jul 15, 2018 · Fundamentals

Key Concepts of Web and Network Protocols: GET/POST, DNS, Idempotence, Cookies vs Session, TCP Handshake, HTTP, and HTTPS

This article explains the fundamental differences between GET and POST requests, the dual TCP/UDP usage of DNS, the meaning of idempotence, the contrast between cookies and sessions, causes and solutions for TCP packet fragmentation, the three‑way handshake and four‑way termination, the complete HTTP request flow, long‑connection handling, TCP reliability mechanisms, detailed HTTP structure, the distinction between URI and URL, and how HTTPS secures data transmission.

DNSHTTPNetworking
0 likes · 18 min read
Key Concepts of Web and Network Protocols: GET/POST, DNS, Idempotence, Cookies vs Session, TCP Handshake, HTTP, and HTTPS
Java Backend Technology
Java Backend Technology
Jun 27, 2018 · Fundamentals

Unveiling TCP’s Three‑Way Handshake and Four‑Way Teardown with Simple Animations

This article uses simple animations and analogies to demystify TCP’s three‑way handshake, data transmission nuances, and the four‑way connection termination, explaining key states like SYN_SENT, SYN_RCVD, and TIME_WAIT while also covering retransmission, duplicate‑ack handling, and window sizing.

Connection terminationHandshakeNetworking
0 likes · 9 min read
Unveiling TCP’s Three‑Way Handshake and Four‑Way Teardown with Simple Animations
JD Tech
JD Tech
May 23, 2018 · Fundamentals

Understanding the Differences Between HTTP GET and POST Methods

While both GET and POST are HTTP request methods built on TCP, they differ in how parameters are transmitted, caching behavior, URL length limits, security implications, and the number of TCP packets exchanged, with GET sending data via the URL and POST via the request body.

GETNetworkingPOST
0 likes · 7 min read
Understanding the Differences Between HTTP GET and POST Methods
ITPUB
ITPUB
May 22, 2018 · Fundamentals

Master Linux DNS: Install, Configure, and Manage BIND Servers

This guide explains the fundamentals of DNS, how hostnames map to IP addresses, and provides step‑by‑step instructions for installing BIND on Linux, configuring master, slave, and cache servers, defining zones, and managing common DNS record types.

BINDDNSLinux
0 likes · 17 min read
Master Linux DNS: Install, Configure, and Manage BIND Servers
21CTO
21CTO
May 10, 2018 · Backend Development

How a Plug‑In Architecture Transforms Cross‑Platform Long‑Connection Components

This article explains how a unified, cross‑platform long‑connection component built on libuv, mbedTLS and WebSocket was refactored into a plug‑in architecture that decouples layers, uses double‑linked structures and function pointers, and dramatically improves flexibility and maintainability.

C++NetworkingPlugin architecture
0 likes · 24 min read
How a Plug‑In Architecture Transforms Cross‑Platform Long‑Connection Components
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
May 2, 2018 · Fundamentals

Fundamentals of TCP: Role, Packet Size, Sequencing, Assembly, Slow Start, and Loss Recovery

This article explains the basic principles of the TCP protocol, covering its purpose in ensuring reliable data transmission, packet size limits, sequence numbering, how packets are reassembled by the operating system, the slow‑start mechanism with ACK handling, and methods for detecting and retransmitting lost packets.

NetworkingSlow StartTCP
0 likes · 9 min read
Fundamentals of TCP: Role, Packet Size, Sequencing, Assembly, Slow Start, and Loss Recovery
AI Cyberspace
AI Cyberspace
Apr 20, 2018 · Fundamentals

Understanding the OSI and TCP/IP Models: A Complete Guide to Network Layers

This article explains how the Internet is built and operates by detailing the layered architecture of computer networks, comparing the OSI and TCP/IP models, and describing the functions, protocols, and key concepts of each layer from the physical medium up to the application layer.

LayersNetworkingOSI model
0 likes · 23 min read
Understanding the OSI and TCP/IP Models: A Complete Guide to Network Layers
IT Xianyu
IT Xianyu
Apr 17, 2018 · Fundamentals

The Origins of Internet Search: Archie and WAIS

Archie, created in 1989 by Peter Deutsch at McGill University, was the first internet search tool that indexed FTP sites, while WAIS, developed by Brewster Kahle at Thinking Machines, extended searchable databases worldwide, both highlighting early challenges in managing large communication traffic and user-friendly interfaces.

ArchieInternet HistoryNetworking
0 likes · 3 min read
The Origins of Internet Search: Archie and WAIS
Tencent Cloud Developer
Tencent Cloud Developer
Apr 10, 2018 · Fundamentals

Comprehensive Overview of IPv6: Concepts, Linux Implementation, Experiments, and Transition Technologies

This article delivers a comprehensive, experiment‑driven guide to IPv6, covering its 128‑bit address scheme, Linux kernel stack, practical setups such as stateless autoconfiguration and web services, various transition mechanisms like dual‑stack, tunneling and NAT64/DNS64, and detailed socket‑programming considerations for developers.

IPv6LinuxNetworking
0 likes · 38 min read
Comprehensive Overview of IPv6: Concepts, Linux Implementation, Experiments, and Transition Technologies
Java Captain
Java Captain
Mar 5, 2018 · Fundamentals

Understanding the Internet Protocol Suite: A Five‑Layer Model Overview

This article explains how the Internet works by breaking the Internet Protocol Suite into a simplified five‑layer model, covering the physical, link, network, transport, and application layers, their protocols, addressing schemes, and how data moves from hardware to user applications.

Computer NetworksInternetNetworking
0 likes · 16 min read
Understanding the Internet Protocol Suite: A Five‑Layer Model Overview
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Feb 23, 2018 · Fundamentals

How NVMe over Fabrics Will Change the Storage Environment

NVMe over Fabrics, leveraging PCIe and RDMA, replaces legacy SCSI and SAS protocols to deliver vastly higher bandwidth and lower latency for SSDs, enabling massive parallel I/O queues, and reshaping data‑center storage architectures through both FC‑NVMe and Ethernet‑based implementations.

Data CenterFabricsNVMe
0 likes · 12 min read
How NVMe over Fabrics Will Change the Storage Environment
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Feb 7, 2018 · Operations

Master the Linux Ops Interview: 35 Essential Questions & Answers

This article compiles 35 Linux operations interview questions—including multiple‑choice, coding, and essay topics—along with detailed answers covering VLANs, system calls, IP addressing, TCP/UDP, process handling, data structures, and networking fundamentals to help candidates prepare effectively.

InterviewLinuxNetworking
0 likes · 18 min read
Master the Linux Ops Interview: 35 Essential Questions & Answers
ThinkingAgent
ThinkingAgent
Jan 24, 2018 · Operations

Mastering curl: Transfer URLs and Retrieve Data on Linux

This guide walks through curl’s syntax and options for fetching URLs, saving pages, handling cookies and headers, bypassing SSL verification, using proxies, performing POST requests, looping downloads, and FTP transfers, all illustrated with concrete command examples.

Command LineFTPHTTP
0 likes · 5 min read
Mastering curl: Transfer URLs and Retrieve Data on Linux
Architects Research Society
Architects Research Society
Jan 16, 2018 · Cloud Native

Recommended Envoy Deployment Types for Service Mesh Scenarios

This article outlines three increasingly complex Envoy deployment patterns for service‑mesh environments—service‑to‑service, service with a front‑proxy, and service‑to‑service with front‑proxy and double‑proxy—detailing listener configurations, external service handling, discovery integration, and provided configuration templates.

EnvoyNetworkingProxy Deployment
0 likes · 7 min read
Recommended Envoy Deployment Types for Service Mesh Scenarios
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Jan 7, 2018 · Operations

Mastering Load Balancing: Algorithms, Code Samples, and Real‑World Insights

This article explains the concept of load balancing in distributed systems, outlines its benefits for throughput and reliability, compares common architectural layers, evaluates key algorithmic considerations, and provides Python implementations of round‑robin, weighted, random, hash‑based, and least‑connection strategies along with deployment options.

AlgorithmLoad BalancingNetworking
0 likes · 14 min read
Mastering Load Balancing: Algorithms, Code Samples, and Real‑World Insights
Architects Research Society
Architects Research Society
Jan 5, 2018 · Cloud Native

An Overview of Envoy: A Cloud‑Native L7 Proxy and Service Mesh Bus

Envoy is a cloud‑native L7 proxy and communication bus designed for modern service‑oriented architectures, offering out‑of‑process deployment, language‑agnostic operation, modern C++11 implementation, extensive L3/L4 and HTTP L7 filtering, HTTP/2, gRPC, database protocol support, service discovery, health checking, advanced load balancing, edge proxy capabilities, observability, and dynamic configuration.

EnvoyL7 ProxyLoad Balancing
0 likes · 9 min read
An Overview of Envoy: A Cloud‑Native L7 Proxy and Service Mesh Bus
Qunar Tech Salon
Qunar Tech Salon
Dec 1, 2017 · Mobile Development

Long Connection Architecture and Implementation in Android Clients

This article explains the principles of TCP long connections, compares NIO and BIO models, and describes how Android applications can implement and share persistent connections using AIDL, process sharing, and a dedicated SDK to support push, IM, and other real‑time services.

AndroidNIONetworking
0 likes · 8 min read
Long Connection Architecture and Implementation in Android Clients
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Nov 22, 2017 · Operations

Master Linux Networking: Using the ip Command to Manage Interfaces, Routes, and Stats

This guide explains how to use the powerful Linux ip command—replacing ifconfig—to configure IP addresses, manage routing tables, view network statistics, monitor netlink messages, handle ARP entries, and control interfaces, with practical examples and code snippets for system administrators and developers.

Network ConfigurationNetworkingip command
0 likes · 7 min read
Master Linux Networking: Using the ip Command to Manage Interfaces, Routes, and Stats
UCloud Tech
UCloud Tech
Nov 10, 2017 · Cloud Native

Why Weave FastDb Crashes VM Networks and How to Fix It

This article explains why Weave's FastDb mode can cause network interruptions on CentOS 7 VMs, analyzes the underlying kernel bugs and UDP PMTU probing issues, and provides practical solutions such as kernel upgrades, disabling UFO, and adjusting MTU settings.

DockerFastDbNetworking
0 likes · 9 min read
Why Weave FastDb Crashes VM Networks and How to Fix It
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Oct 3, 2017 · Operations

Essential Linux Interview Q&A: From GPL Basics to System Optimization

This article provides concise answers to common Linux interview questions, covering GPL and free software concepts, distro selection, essential startup services, system optimization steps, runlevels, boot process, link types, partition planning, file deletion, vi usage, user management commands, grep and sed options, crontab syntax, important directories, shutdown/reboot commands, sudoers configuration, permission management, SecureCRT shortcuts, log auditing solutions, network troubleshooting, shell quoting, startup configuration files, and a list of useful Linux commands.

Networkingshellsystem administration
0 likes · 34 min read
Essential Linux Interview Q&A: From GPL Basics to System Optimization
JD Tech
JD Tech
Sep 26, 2017 · Cloud Computing

Impact of RDMA Technology on High‑Performance Data Centers and Its Adoption at JD.com

The article explains how RDMA (Remote Direct Memory Access) reduces CPU involvement, lowers latency, and increases bandwidth in data‑center networks, describes JD.com’s practical deployments across AI, big‑data, storage, and HPC workloads, and highlights industry trends toward broader RDMA adoption.

Cloud ComputingData CenterNetworking
0 likes · 6 min read
Impact of RDMA Technology on High‑Performance Data Centers and Its Adoption at JD.com
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Sep 18, 2017 · Operations

Top 12 Linux & Network Interview Questions Every Ops Engineer Should Know

This article compiles essential Linux environment variable settings, TCP characteristics, three‑handshake rationale, proxy implementation, TCP vs UDP pros and cons, OOP vs procedural differences, HTTP request flow, status codes, deadlock causes and prevention, TCP close_wait and time_wait states, and common IPC mechanisms, providing concise answers for operations interview preparation.

NetworkingTCP
0 likes · 13 min read
Top 12 Linux & Network Interview Questions Every Ops Engineer Should Know
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Sep 5, 2017 · Operations

Top 19 Linux & DevOps Interview Questions You Must Master

This article compiles a comprehensive set of 19 Linux, security, networking, and Python interview questions covering basic commands, file handling, process management, load balancing, HTTP headers, cookies vs sessions, TCP handshakes, and common security vulnerabilities, providing a solid study guide for system administrators and DevOps engineers.

Interview QuestionsLinuxNetworking
0 likes · 6 min read
Top 19 Linux & DevOps Interview Questions You Must Master
ITPUB
ITPUB
Jul 11, 2017 · Operations

Step‑by‑Step Guide to Installing and Configuring a Linux BIND DNS Server

This article walks you through the fundamentals of DNS, explains the role of /etc/hosts, describes the three types of DNS servers, shows how to install BIND on Red Hat or Debian systems, and provides detailed configuration examples for master, slave, and cache zones along with essential record types and troubleshooting commands.

BINDDNSNetworking
0 likes · 17 min read
Step‑by‑Step Guide to Installing and Configuring a Linux BIND DNS Server
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Jun 26, 2017 · Backend Development

Common Interview Questions and Answers: A Cautionary Tale for Developers

This article compiles a wide range of interview questions and answers covering MySQL escaping, JavaScript memory leaks, PHP garbage collection, concurrency control, networking fundamentals, and system design, aiming to warn developers about knowledge gaps and encourage deeper technical learning.

InterviewJavaScriptNetworking
0 likes · 11 min read
Common Interview Questions and Answers: A Cautionary Tale for Developers
Efficient Ops
Efficient Ops
Jun 24, 2017 · Operations

How to Boost Your Ops Credibility: Certifications, Tools, and Culture Hacks

This guide outlines how operations engineers can elevate their professional image by pursuing key certifications, mastering deep technical topics, favoring niche tools over mainstream ones, writing scripts with awk/sed, embracing unconventional operating systems, and strategically networking within the industry.

LinuxNetworkingOperations
0 likes · 7 min read
How to Boost Your Ops Credibility: Certifications, Tools, and Culture Hacks