Front‑End Performance Optimization: RAIL Model, Core Web Vitals, and Practical Best Practices
This article consolidates front‑end performance knowledge by explaining the RAIL model, detailing user‑centric metrics such as FP, FCP, LCP, FID, TTI, TBT and CLS, describing how to capture them with tools like Lighthouse and web‑vitals, and offering concrete optimization techniques ranging from caching and HTTP/2 to code‑splitting, tree‑shaking, skeleton screens and server‑side rendering.
