Focused on sharing DevOps, Kubernetes, Linux, Docker, Istio, microservices, Spring Cloud, Python, Go, databases, Nginx, Tomcat, cloud computing, and related technologies.
The article explains the “Too many open files” error in Kubernetes, clarifies that it refers to exceeding system file‑handle limits, shows how to inspect current usage with ulimit and lsof, and provides step‑by‑step commands to temporarily or permanently raise the limits and troubleshoot the application code.
This guide explains how to push a Kubernetes cluster toward its theoretical limit of 5,000 nodes by detailing official limits, master node sizing for GCE and AWS, kube‑apiserver high‑availability and connection‑count tuning, scheduler and controller‑manager leader election settings, kubelet optimizations, and DNS anti‑affinity configuration.
This guide walks through ten frequent Kubernetes problems—from service access failures and port‑mapping errors to image pull issues and CrashLoopBackOff—explaining root causes, showing exact error messages, and providing concise command‑line solutions to restore cluster health.
GitOps, a cloud‑native continuous deployment approach that uses Git as the single source of truth, enables secure, auditable, and multi‑tenant Kubernetes management by automating state reconciliation, supporting multi‑cluster and multi‑environment deployments, and integrating tools like Argo CD, Flux, Helm, and Kustomize.
This tutorial walks through migrating a two‑node Kubernetes cluster (master and worker) from Docker to containerd on CentOS 7, covering environment setup, node draining, Docker removal, containerd installation and configuration, kubelet adjustments, uncordoning, and verification of the new container runtime.
Ephemeral containers are temporary debugging pods in Kubernetes that lack resource guarantees and cannot restart automatically; this guide explains their differences, enabling the feature via kube-apiserver and kubelet flags, creating a sample Tomcat pod, adding an Ephemeral container with kubectl debug, and updating it using raw API calls.
This guide explains how to run and switch between several Kubernetes clusters on a single server by configuring separate kubeconfig entries, adding clusters, users, and contexts, and using kubectl commands to manage each cluster efficiently.
This article explains Kubernetes networking fundamentals, including intra‑pod communication, pod‑to‑pod traffic, service IP routing, and compares CNI plugins like Flannel and Calico with details on IPIP and BGP optimizations.
This guide explains why routing traffic through an Nginx Ingress controller can halve Kubernetes service QPS and provides step‑by‑step instructions—including switching to IPVS, tuning kernel and file‑descriptor limits, and configuring keep‑alive settings—to restore and even exceed the original performance.
This guide explains why IPVS outperforms iptables for large Kubernetes clusters, then walks through installing ipvsadm, loading kernel modules on master and worker nodes, configuring kube-proxy to use IPVS, cleaning iptables rules, and verifying network and DNS functionality with a BusyBox pod.
