Author

Cloud Architecture

Focuses on cloud‑native and distributed architecture engineering, sharing practical solutions and lessons learned. Covers microservice governance, Kubernetes, observability, and stability engineering to help your systems run stable, fast, and cost‑effectively.

217

Articles

Likes

1.1k

Views

Comments

Latest from Cloud Architecture

100 recent articles max

Cloud Architecture

Jul 7, 2026 · Backend Development

From HTTP Polling to MQTT Push: Evolving High‑Concurrency IoT Device Access Architecture

Switching from HTTP polling to MQTT for massive IoT deployments requires rethinking connection models, topic design, state management, and engineering practices, as the article details the architectural evolution, four‑plane production design, code patterns, and operational safeguards needed for reliable high‑concurrency device access.

Device AccessEvent StreamingIoT

0 likes · 46 min read

From HTTP Polling to MQTT Push: Evolving High‑Concurrency IoT Device Access Architecture

Cloud Architecture

Jul 6, 2026 · Backend Development

Spring Boot Template Engine Mix: Designing a Multi‑Engine Coexistence Architecture for Production

The article explains why running multiple template engines in a Spring Boot application becomes an operational challenge, outlines a four‑layer architecture and routing strategies, provides concrete code for a custom ViewResolver, configuration, observability, deployment, testing and migration steps, and shows how to govern the process safely in production.

FreeMarkerKubernetesObservability

0 likes · 39 min read

Spring Boot Template Engine Mix: Designing a Multi‑Engine Coexistence Architecture for Production

Cloud Architecture

Jul 6, 2026 · Backend Development

Designing a High‑Concurrency Coupon Expiration System with Task Tables and Batch Processing

The article explains why coupon expiration cannot be handled by a simple scheduled scan and presents a production‑grade architecture that uses a task‑table, four‑plane design, fine‑grained splitting, lease‑based worker coordination, idempotent updates, and observability to reliably expire billions of coupons under peak load.

Concurrencybatch processingcoupon

0 likes · 37 min read

Designing a High‑Concurrency Coupon Expiration System with Task Tables and Batch Processing

Cloud Architecture

Jul 5, 2026 · Databases

Production‑grade Elasticsearch: From Lucene Internals to Billion‑scale Search Architecture

This article explains why running Elasticsearch in production is far more complex than a simple API tutorial, covering Lucene fundamentals, mapping design, shard planning, write‑path architecture, query optimization, hot‑warm‑cold tiering, ILM policies, capacity planning, monitoring, incident handling, and a step‑by‑step evolution roadmap for building a reliable, scalable search system.

ElasticsearchIndex ModelingLucene

0 likes · 54 min read

Production‑grade Elasticsearch: From Lucene Internals to Billion‑scale Search Architecture

Cloud Architecture

Jul 4, 2026 · Backend Development

Production-Ready SMS Verification Login System: Security Countermeasures and Engineering

This article presents a comprehensive guide to building a production-grade SMS verification login system, covering threat modeling, multi-layer rate limiting, state management with Redis, asynchronous message handling, multi‑provider routing, token issuance and operational monitoring to ensure security, cost control, and high availability.

ObservabilityOutboxRedis

0 likes · 36 min read

Production-Ready SMS Verification Login System: Security Countermeasures and Engineering

Cloud Architecture

Jul 2, 2026 · Information Security

Production-Grade Anti-Fraud Architecture: From Traffic Entry to Decision Loop

This whitepaper details a production‑grade, multi‑layer anti‑fraud system that starts with low‑cost traffic filtering, builds rich risk signals, orchestrates rules, models and graph analysis for real‑time decisions, and embeds governance, scalability and high‑concurrency practices to protect online services.

GovernanceRisk Managementanti-fraud

0 likes · 44 min read

Production-Grade Anti-Fraud Architecture: From Traffic Entry to Decision Loop

Cloud Architecture

Jul 2, 2026 · Databases

MySQL Containerization vs Host Installation: Production‑Grade Selection Framework

The article explains that the real challenge is not merely running MySQL but placing it in the right resource model, and it provides a four‑dimensional decision framework—performance ceiling, stability floor, automation level, and organizational maturity—to guide when to use host‑installed MySQL, single‑node containers, or full Kubernetes deployment, illustrated with concrete resource analyses, architecture diagrams, configuration examples, pitfalls, checklists, and an evolution roadmap.

Best PracticesDeploymentKubernetes

0 likes · 35 min read

MySQL Containerization vs Host Installation: Production‑Grade Selection Framework

Cloud Architecture

Jul 1, 2026 · Backend Development

8 Asynchronous Programming Techniques: From Thread Pools and MQ to Virtual Threads

The article examines eight practical ways to implement asynchronous programming—thread pools, CompletableFuture, Spring @Async, message queues, event‑driven architecture, reactive streams, the Actor model, and coroutines/virtual threads—explaining their core mechanisms, trade‑offs, production‑grade configurations, and when each should be chosen.

Asynchronous ProgrammingConcurrencyJava

0 likes · 53 min read

8 Asynchronous Programming Techniques: From Thread Pools and MQ to Virtual Threads

Cloud Architecture

Jun 30, 2026 · Backend Development

RocketMQ Transactional Messaging in Practice: From Half Message to Production‑Grade Consistency

The article analyses why sending a message is easy but guaranteeing end‑to‑end consistency across databases, brokers, networks and services is hard, explains the exact problems RocketMQ transactional messages solve, compares them with Outbox and CDC, and provides a complete production‑grade design, implementation, monitoring and tuning guide.

CDCConsistencyOutbox

0 likes · 44 min read

RocketMQ Transactional Messaging in Practice: From Half Message to Production‑Grade Consistency

Cloud Architecture

Jun 29, 2026 · Databases

Deep Guide to MySQL Index Failure: From Core Mechanics to High‑Concurrency Production Practices

This comprehensive guide explains why seemingly indexed MySQL queries can still cause severe latency spikes in high‑traffic systems, explores the underlying InnoDB structures and optimizer cost model, enumerates twelve common failure patterns with concrete SQL examples, and provides a production‑grade methodology for diagnosing, engineering, and automating index governance.

Index OptimizationInnoDBhigh concurrency

0 likes · 39 min read

Deep Guide to MySQL Index Failure: From Core Mechanics to High‑Concurrency Production Practices