This article explains how Bilibili’s large‑scale Kubernetes cloud platform reduces costs and improves machine utilization by applying co‑location (mixed‑tenant) techniques, including resource‑aware scheduling, dynamic isolation, and a dedicated management console across online, offline, and idle‑machine scenarios.
This article walks through the complete lifecycle of a Kubernetes deployment, explaining how a manual upgrade request triggers API calls, creates Deployments, ReplicaSets, Pods, and how the scheduler, kubelet, and Docker work together, while also covering concepts like containers, labels, replication controllers, deployments, and autoscaling mechanisms.
This guide explains the underlying snapshot and transaction‑log storage of ZooKeeper, outlines three key scenarios for using MSE’s import‑export feature, and provides step‑by‑step instructions with code snippets to back up, migrate, or analyze ZooKeeper clusters efficiently.
The article explains Kubernetes’ built‑in Horizontal Pod Autoscaler, then details the custom Water Pod Autoscaler (WPA) that extends HPA with dual‑signal (load and SOA registration) detection, dual‑threshold scaling, noise filtering, configurable cooldown, frequency limits, tolerance buffers, and integrated alerting for reliable elastic scaling.
This article walks through the entire lifecycle of deploying an application on Kubernetes, explaining how Docker containers differ from virtual machines, the role of Pods, ReplicationControllers, Deployments, and how automatic scaling with HPA and VPA keeps services reliable and efficient.
The article outlines Ctrip’s microservice journey from its 2013 inception, detailing the evolution of its frameworks, the complexities of operating multiple stacks, the challenges faced, and the design of a progressive cloud‑native service‑mesh architecture built on Istio, Envoy, and custom operators.
This article details the evolution of 58.com’s deep learning inference platform, describing the transition from the original SCF‑based architecture to a cloud‑native Istio gateway (architecture 2.0), and explains design choices, traffic‑management, adaptive rate‑limiting, observability, model pre‑warming, and performance improvements.
Seata 1.6.0 release notes detail major enhancements such as Oracle and PostgreSQL multi‑primary‑key support, Dubbo 3 integration, JDK 17 compatibility, ARM64 Docker images, extensive bug fixes, performance optimizations, test updates, contributor acknowledgments, and links to downloads, documentation, and the GitHub repository.
The article introduces Nacos 2.2.0, explains its core functions, details major changes such as removal of legacy code, new data‑source, custom‑environment, and trace plugins, lists added features, refactorings, bug fixes, and provides reference links for further reading.
This article explains Kubernetes pod architecture, networking, external exposure, and how Services use virtual IPs and selectors to provide load balancing and dynamic discovery of pod changes, including the role of kube-proxy and the limitations of using Nginx for pod-level balancing.
The Nacos 2.2.0 GA release introduces several new plugins—including rate‑limiting, custom environment variable, and datasource plugins—removes legacy redundant code, enhances tracing and batch registration, and delivers extensive refactoring and bug fixes to improve stability and extensibility for cloud‑native service discovery and configuration management.
The article provides a detailed technical overview of Baidu’s LiangYiFu 3.0 quantum computing platform, describing its cloud‑native architecture, five client tiers, the QaaS scheduling layer, extensible modules, and the enterprise‑focused LiangXi solution, while highlighting how it abstracts hardware complexities for developers.
This article explains how Dubbo 3.0’s Triple RPC protocol now supports custom exception serialization, detailing the original exception handling flow, the limitations of header‑based error transport, and the proposed TripleWrapper‑Protobuf solution for reliable client‑side error capture.
This article explains what etcd is, compares it with Zookeeper, describes its architecture and core components such as WAL, snapshots and boltdb, outlines its key features, and shows how it powers service registration, watch mechanisms, cluster monitoring and leader election in cloud‑native systems.
This article compares the main cloud‑native ingress gateway options—Nginx Ingress, Alibaba Cloud ALB, and Alibaba Cloud MSE—covering their architecture, exposure methods, configuration nuances, health‑check settings, reload behavior, and practical selection guidelines for Kubernetes deployments.
The article examines when and how large enterprises should adopt microservice architecture, discussing cultural, technical, and operational impacts, benefits of splitting monoliths, key governance considerations, and the importance of DevOps and skilled teams.
ByteDance’s cloud‑native transformation details a layered technical system, multi‑year Kubernetes‑based evolution, unified multi‑cluster resource management, and hierarchical scheduling, illustrating how the company achieves high development speed, resource efficiency, and prepares for next‑generation serverless infrastructure.
Kubernetes 1.26, themed “Electrifying,” introduces 37 enhancements—including registry changes, storage upgrades, signed release artifacts, Windows high‑privilege containers, metric and scheduling improvements—while promoting 11 features to stable, deprecating 12 APIs, and emphasizing sustainability and carbon‑footprint awareness.
This article explains how the ParallelGCThreads JVM flag defaults differ across JDK versions, why older JDKs report excessive GC threads inside limited‑CPU containers, and how to verify and retrieve accurate container resource limits using cgroup files and updated JDK releases.
This article explains why the financial sector is moving its big‑data workloads to cloud‑native platforms, compares cloud‑native systems with traditional Hadoop, describes deployment options such as Serverless YARN and Arcee Operator, and details the high‑performance GRO scheduler, agent, and ResLake resource‑lake architecture that together improve resource utilization, reduce costs, and ensure reliable, low‑latency processing for finance workloads.
OpenCloudOS, a community‑driven Linux distribution, combines full‑stack hardware support, autonomous supply‑chain control, and extensive performance optimizations to deliver a high‑availability, cloud‑native server OS that rivals CentOS while offering 99.999% uptime and up to 50% performance gains in real‑world workloads.
The article explains how cloud‑native architectures, data governance, intelligent fusion, and privacy computing are driving the evolution of big data, recounting the history from Google’s early papers and Hadoop to modern managed services, compute‑storage separation, AI‑powered recommendation platforms, and real‑world success cases.
This article details iQIYI's multi‑year journey of mixing offline and online workloads using Dragonfly and Koordinator, covering architectural evolution, key factors for successful co‑location, resource‑allocation strategies, the role of Anolis OS, pilot results, and future directions.
GitOps leverages Git as an immutable source of truth to streamline CI/CD pipelines for Kubernetes, enhancing productivity, security, and compliance by providing observable, auditable deployments, centralized control, and easy rollbacks, while requiring dedicated tools such as Flux or Weave GitOps Core for full implementation.
This article recounts Ximalaya's multi‑year containerization effort, detailing the evolution from early Docker templates and Marathon to Kubernetes, the development of internal tools like barge and k8s‑sync, health‑check strategies, deployment patterns, and the practical lessons gained from integrating containers with existing middleware.
This guide explains how to use Alibaba Cloud's Serverless Function Compute together with Message Service and Connector to create a cost‑effective, high‑throughput, low‑latency message‑consumption pipeline, covering architecture, key features, step‑by‑step configuration, code examples, and best‑practice recommendations.
This guide explains how to extend Kubernetes to edge nodes using OpenYurt and KubeVela, covering node‑pool creation, Helm‑based Nginx Ingress deployment, custom traits for differential configuration, patch strategies, and verification commands, all illustrated with code snippets and images.
This guide explains how to push a Kubernetes cluster toward its theoretical limit of 5,000 nodes by detailing official limits, master node sizing for GCE and AWS, kube‑apiserver high‑availability and connection‑count tuning, scheduler and controller‑manager leader election settings, kubelet optimizations, and DNS anti‑affinity configuration.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of microservice architecture, outlining the four main technology dimensions—microservice management, storage, business support, and DevOps—and lists the most relevant tools and platforms for each area to help architects choose optimal solutions.
This guide explains how to collect essential Windows metrics with Prometheus, set up Grafana dashboards for CPU, memory, disk, network, and process monitoring, and configure alert rules, while also comparing self‑hosted and Alibaba Cloud Prometheus solutions for seamless Windows observability.
This guide walks you through using Rainbond to rapidly deploy the Spring Cloud Blade microservice platform, covering front‑end frameworks, back‑end modules, required services such as Nacos, Redis and Sentinel, configuration files, component setup, and final topology verification.
This article explains how to implement a full-link gray (canary) release in a Spring Cloud Alibaba microservice architecture by marking traffic at the gateway, propagating the gray tag through request headers, customizing Ribbon load‑balancing, and configuring Nacos metadata for selective service routing.
This article details Qunar's migration from a Prometheus‑based monitoring stack to VictoriaMetrics, describing the limitations they faced, the architectural redesign using vmagent, vmcluster, and vmalert, and the resulting performance improvements and operational benefits for large‑scale Kubernetes environments.
This article explains how front‑end engineers can transition from traditional static‑site deployment to fully cloud‑native web applications by leveraging Alibaba Cloud’s Serverless services—OSS, CDN, and Function Compute—to achieve automatic scaling, zero‑ops maintenance, cost efficiency, and enhanced security for dynamic APIs, tasks, and media processing.
This article explains Istio’s core networking concepts, detailing how sidecar and init containers are injected into a Kubernetes cluster, the roles of the data and control planes, and provides step‑by‑step commands and YAML examples for manual and automatic sidecar injection.
This article explains how RocketMQ's message lifecycle can be fully observed using OpenTelemetry‑based metrics, covering producer, broker, and consumer stages, and shows practical monitoring, alerting, and troubleshooting practices for cloud‑native deployments.
This article explains how to publish a Kubernetes application, use Config APIs like Deployment, Service, and Ingress, leverage Kustomize and a custom kustz.yml abstraction to manage resources across versions, and deploy everything with kubectl.
Since Kubernetes 1.25 the default container image registry moved from k8s.gcr.io to the multi‑provider CDN‑backed registry.k8s.io, improving download speed and resilience, but requiring clusters to update image references or mirror images for restricted environments.
The article explores Apache Flink’s eight‑year journey to becoming a top‑level Apache project, Alibaba’s extensive contributions, the rise of stream‑batch unified computing, its impact on real‑time data integration, cloud‑native deployment, and the emerging Flink‑based data‑warehouse and serverless solutions.
ByteDance’s cloud‑native computing team, led by Li Yakun, details how they transformed a Hadoop‑centric big‑data stack into a Kubernetes‑driven platform—customizing storage, middleware, and scheduling—to support petabyte‑scale workloads, achieve over 40% resource utilization, and sustain rapid product growth.
This article analyzes the evolution of network functions from hardware to virtual machines and finally to cloud‑native containers, explains CNF deployment in 5G core and access networks, details SDEWAN architecture and gray‑release processes, and outlines future trends and design principles.
This article recounts AirQo's transition from a traditional CI/CD workflow to a GitOps model using ArgoCD, detailing the operational pain points they faced, the benefits gained such as automated sync, self‑service for developers, and easier rollbacks, and offering practical insights for similar cloud‑native teams.
HeLian Health’s journey from a fast‑iteration monolith to a stable, cloud‑native microservice architecture illustrates how modular design, Dubbo‑Nacos integration, Kubernetes, and Alibaba Cloud MSE can overcome low‑fault tolerance challenges in the medical check‑up domain while boosting release efficiency and reducing operational costs.
The interview with Alibaba researcher Wang Feng reviews Flink's eight‑year journey to a top Apache project, its massive scale at Double 11, the push toward unified stream‑batch computing, emerging storage challenges, and the roadmap for cloud‑native, real‑time data warehousing.
This interview with Alibaba researcher Wang Feng (aka Mo Wen) explores Apache Flink’s eight‑year journey to top‑level Apache status, its unified stream‑batch architecture, the rise of Flink Table Store and CDC, and how cloud‑native deployments are reshaping real‑time big data processing.
The article explains that cloud‑native is a comprehensive technology system and methodology—encompassing containers, micro‑services, DevOps, and continuous delivery—while linking lean thinking principles to operational transformation and emphasizing the need for business‑focused, platform‑centric ops teams.
This article explains how to achieve end‑to‑end gray (canary) traffic routing for microservice chains on Kubernetes by using MSE's lane features and configuring Ingress controllers, covering the required concepts, configuration steps, and verification methods.
Docker, an open‑source platform for lightweight, portable containers, offers numerous practical applications—from deploying software and running minimal Linux distributions to hosting servers, creating custom images, and streamlining development environments—making it a versatile tool that reshapes DevOps and IT workflows.
The Open Cluster Management (OCM) project releases v0.9.0 with enhanced security, service exposure, plugin configurability, API updates, and outlines upcoming features like independent control‑plane deployment, ArgoCD pull‑mode integration, placement strategies, and edge‑scenario support.
This article analyzes the challenges of traditional Kubernetes cluster installation, proposes a fully automated, zero‑touch deployment framework that abstracts and packages all required resources, and explores its architecture, implementation using Go, cloud‑edge collaboration with KubeEdge, and future extensions toward CRD‑based operators.
This tutorial explains the background of the Kubernetes Gateway API, compares it with the traditional Ingress API, and provides a hands‑on walkthrough for installing the Gateway API CRDs, configuring Istio to use a Gateway resource, exposing a sample httpbin service, updating routes, and cleaning up the environment.
This article walks through building, compiling, containerizing, and deploying a simple mock‑response Wasm plugin for Higress on a Kubernetes cluster, explaining the code structure, configuration, plugin lifecycle, and the three revolutionary features of Wasm‑based gateway extensions.
This article explains how RocketMQ integrates with Prometheus and Grafana to provide comprehensive metrics, tracing, and logging, detailing the exporter architecture, deployment choices, span topology, dashboard examples, and ARMS‑based alerting for cloud‑native message‑queue observability.
This article reviews the practical applications and experimental explorations of StarRocks at 360, describing the cloud‑native lake‑warehouse product Yunzhou, its three‑tier architecture, performance comparisons with Trino using TPCH 100 GB, challenges of Kubernetes integration, and future directions for storage‑compute separation.
Former GitHub CTO Jason Warner argues that the widespread shift to microservices is a major architectural error, advocating a monolith‑first approach and emphasizing organizational challenges, while case studies from GitHub, Uber, and Botify illustrate both the pitfalls and strategic alternatives to microservice adoption.
Guoxin Securities’ QianKun centralized operation platform showcases a cloud‑native, micro‑service architecture that achieved 99.95% availability through containerization, multi‑region deployment, AI‑driven capacity forecasting, and comprehensive DevOps practices, offering a 24/7 seamless account‑opening experience and setting industry benchmarks.
This tutorial walks you through installing Devtron on Kubernetes, creating additional Kind clusters, adding them as managed clusters, configuring environments, adding custom Helm repositories, and deploying a sample Spring Boot application across multiple clusters using Devtron's UI and chart groups.
The 2022 Vivo developer conference showcased a series of technical breakthroughs—including a custom wepy‑chameleon compiler for frontend upgrades, low‑code platforms for backend and game development, a real‑time computing platform built on Flink, advanced graph scheduling, cloud‑native container strategies, monitoring enhancements, database automation, and large‑scale messaging middleware—highlighting Vivo's comprehensive push toward efficiency and innovation across its internet services.
OpenYurt v1.1.0 introduces two DaemonSet upgrade strategies—Auto, which skips NotReady nodes, and OTA, which lets edge users control upgrade timing—both implemented via custom controllers and annotations, with example YAML configurations and a simple API for manual pod upgrades.
This article explains how neural search enables multimodal data handling, introduces the DocArray data structures (Document and DocumentArray), and demonstrates how Jina’s cloud‑native framework can be used to build, deploy, and scale end‑to‑end multimodal services such as DocsQA.
In an exclusive interview at the GOITI 2022 IT Technology Leadership Awards, Wang Xin, General Manager of China Mobile Liaoning’s IT Center, shares how his team leverages DevOps, cloud‑native architecture, and agile practices to accelerate digital transformation and achieve industry‑wide recognition.
This article explains the fundamental concepts of API gateways, why they are essential in micro‑service architectures, outlines core design ideas such as routing, load balancing, resilience and security, and compares popular open‑source implementations like OpenResty, Kong, Zuul and Spring Cloud Gateway.
This interview reveals how ByteDance’s STE team, a youthful group of Linux kernel engineers, identified and solved memory‑management redundancy, contributed the HVO and VDUSE projects to the open‑source community, and leveraged these advances to boost cloud‑native performance and reliability across the company.
The article reviews how Ant Financial’s Service Mesh has evolved after its double‑11 rollout, detailing the implementation of link encryption, adaptive rate limiting, fine‑grained traffic steering, and self‑healing mechanisms that improve security, performance, and reliability across large‑scale microservice deployments.
This article reviews how Ant Financial’s Service Mesh has matured since its 2019 Double‑11 rollout, detailing the design and implementation of link encryption, adaptive rate limiting, fine‑grained traffic steering, and service self‑healing, and explains the operational value these capabilities bring to large‑scale microservice systems.
This article details the WeChat engineering team’s practical experience deploying and optimizing Apache Pulsar on Kubernetes for massive real‑time recommendation workloads, covering cloud‑native advantages, non‑persistent topics, load‑balancing tweaks, broker cache improvements, COS offloader development, and future roadmap.
This article reviews the 15‑year evolution of software architecture—from early monolithic systems through distributed, SOA, and microservice designs—highlighting how business drivers, cloud‑native adoption, and enduring architectural goals have shaped modern software engineering.
Microsoft announced the official release of .NET 7 on November 9, highlighting major enhancements such as improved Base Class Library, native ARM64 support, expanded Linux and IBM Power compatibility, integrated .NET MAUI and Blazor updates, and streamlined container and Azure cloud‑native capabilities.
This article outlines the Kubernetes pod lifecycle, describes the five pod phases, enumerates 13 typical failure scenarios—including scheduling, image pull, dependency, init container, probe, and OOM issues—provides error states, root causes, and step‑by‑step kubectl commands for diagnosis and remediation.
The October 25th PolarDB open‑source summit in Hangzhou gathered Alibaba Cloud executives, ecosystem partners and developers to discuss the daring decision to open‑source the flagship cloud‑native database, its compatibility and openness principles, real‑world case studies, and future trends shaping the next generation of distributed databases.
The article explains why traditional load testing struggles with modern, scalable infrastructures and shows how integrating sidecar containers into Kubernetes can simplify traffic capture, enrich replay data, reduce operational overhead, and enable more realistic, automated load‑testing pipelines.
This article explains the current state of cloud‑native alerting, introduces Grafana Mimir as a horizontally scalable, multi‑tenant storage for Prometheus, details its architecture and components, and provides step‑by‑step guidance for installing, configuring, and operating Mimir in Kubernetes environments.
This article explores how edge computing, combined with cloud-native technologies, 5G, and GPU acceleration, enables real‑time data processing, intelligent inspection, digital twins, and autonomous driving in the automotive industry, outlining practical architectures, hardware choices, and deployment patterns.
This article explains how Kubernetes can be configured for multi‑tenant isolation using control‑plane mechanisms like namespaces, RBAC, and quotas, data‑plane techniques such as container runtimes, storage policies, and network policies, and compares namespace‑based tenancy with virtual control‑plane and multi‑cluster approaches.
The 2022 Open Source Big Data Heat Report, released at the Yunqi Conference, analyzes 102 active projects, discovers a 40‑month “Moore’s law” doubling of project heat, highlights three major trends—diversification, integration, and cloud‑native—and ranks the top 30 hottest open‑source big‑data projects.
Koordinator, an open‑source cloud‑native scheduler launched in April 2022, unifies heterogeneous workloads on Kubernetes through zero‑intrusion plugins, fine‑grained resource oversubscription, QoS‑aware scheduling, and a flexible descheduler framework, dramatically improving resource utilization and latency‑sensitive service performance.
This article examines why traffic loss occurs during Kubernetes application releases, breaks down the three main traffic paths—LoadBalancer Service, Nginx Ingress, and microservice registry—and offers concrete, cloud‑native configurations and lifecycle hooks to achieve loss‑free deployments.
This article introduces the 2022 China Cloud Computing Infrastructure Developer Conference, highlights Zhang Jiachen's talk on the FUSE cache consistency model, explains the performance‑consistency trade‑off, and outlines optimization strategies and practical case studies for improving FUSE‑based storage solutions.
This comprehensive tutorial walks through preparing hosts, installing Docker and containerd, setting up Kubernetes components, initializing a HA master cluster, configuring networking, deploying the Kubernetes dashboard, NFS storage, Harbor registry, and an Nginx/Keepalived load balancer, all with detailed commands and configuration files.
The talk outlines how AI training’s growing data and compute demands create storage bottlenecks across four evolutionary stages, identifies four core problems—massive data, data‑flow, resource scheduling, and compute acceleration—and proposes hardware, software (parallel file systems, caching), and cloud‑native orchestration (Fluid, Baidu Canghai) solutions that combine object‑storage lakes with high‑performance acceleration layers to achieve near‑full GPU utilization.
This guide explains why native cloud monitoring falls short, how building custom Prometheus exporters adds overhead, and how Alibaba Cloud's fully managed Prometheus service—through enterprise cloud‑monitoring and self‑monitoring integration modes—provides ready‑to‑use exporters, agents, Grafana dashboards, and alert templates for dozens of cloud products.
This article examines CI/CD approaches within a Kubernetes ecosystem, detailing pull- and push-based pipeline architectures, their advantages and disadvantages, key considerations such as automated testing, validation and rollbacks, and reviews popular open-source tools like Spinnaker, Jenkins X and Argo CD.
This article explains the fundamentals of CI/CD, why it is critical for Serverless architectures, and provides step‑by‑step guidance with code snippets for integrating Serverless Devs into GitHub Actions, Gitee Go, Jenkins pipelines, and CloudEffect, including tool installation, secret configuration, and deployment commands.
This article explains how Kubernetes enables service‑to‑service communication using three native objects—ClusterIP Service, CoreDNS for DNS‑based discovery, and Kube‑proxy for DNAT—while abstracting the underlying network complexities from applications.
This article examines why databases are foundational to modern IT, traces the historical development of distributed database technologies, compares various architectural approaches such as sharding middleware, shared‑storage and shared‑nothing designs, and discusses emerging trends like multi‑model, HTAP, cloud‑native, and open‑source ecosystems.
This article dissects Netflix’s massive backend system—covering its dual‑cloud deployment, Open Connect CDN, micro‑service architecture, API gateway, container platform, caching layers, data stores, and real‑time streaming pipelines—to reveal how the streaming giant achieves extreme scalability, reliability, and performance.
This article details how BizWorks integrates KubeVela to build a cloud‑native PaaS platform that streamlines application deployment, resolves fragmented configuration challenges, and delivers continuous integration and delivery capabilities across multi‑cloud environments.
This article outlines ten indispensable cloud‑native tools—from Docker and Kubernetes to Serverless, Helm, Ansible, and Wireshark—explaining how each supports modern agile development, improves infrastructure stability, and accelerates digital transformation in post‑pandemic enterprises.
This article introduces the role of the Kubernetes API server, explains kubectl syntax and concepts, and provides detailed explanations of eight essential kubectl commands—including listing resources, describing objects, creating and modifying resources, deleting objects, handling PersistentVolumes, configuring security contexts, managing deployments, and executing commands inside pods—helping readers master everyday Kubernetes operations.
This article recounts Ximalaya's journey from a simple Docker‑based project template to a full‑featured Kubernetes‑driven container platform, describing the principles, tools, health‑check strategies, deployment patterns, middleware integration, and lessons learned for building reliable cloud‑native services.
Noslate is Alibaba’s new open‑source, cloud‑native serverless JavaScript runtime that combines a custom cold‑start‑optimized Node.js distribution, the Aworker container with Warmfork and V8 startup snapshots for sub‑millisecond launches, a Noslated control plane for flexible worker orchestration, and a Corefile‑based debugger for low‑impact diagnostics.
This article examines the importance, definitions, classifications, and technological evolution of distributed databases in China, outlines major architecture routes such as sharding middleware, shared‑storage and decentralized models, discusses HTAP and cloud‑native trends, and summarizes future directions including open‑source ecosystems and industry support.
China Minsheng Bank’s Centralized Operation Business Processing System passed the CAICT DevOps Technical Operations Level 2 assessment, marking the first joint‑stock bank to reach this advanced domestic standard, and the article details the interview insights, system architecture, and broader DevOps standard overview.
BitSail, ByteDance’s open‑source data integration engine built on Flink, has evolved through three major versions to support batch, streaming and CDC modes, handling over 200,000 daily tasks across 20+ data sources, and aims to meet real‑time, cloud‑native integration demands.
The article explains that SRE, introduced by Google, is not a single specialist but a collaborative mindset requiring product, development, testing, operations, and architecture skills, and argues that even small‑scale teams can achieve stability by embracing these principles despite common misconceptions.
This article compares HashiCorp's Nomad and Kubernetes, outlining their features, similarities, differences, and use‑case scenarios to help you decide which container orchestration platform best fits your workload and operational needs.
This step‑by‑step tutorial walks through setting up a multi‑node Kubernetes cluster, configuring high availability with Nginx and Keepalived, installing Docker and containerd, deploying an NFS provisioner, configuring Ingress, and installing a secure Harbor registry using Helm and custom TLS certificates.
This article details Guangdong Mobile's end‑to‑end journey of designing, constructing, and operating a production‑grade container cloud platform, covering architecture decisions, monitoring, logging, high‑availability, scaling, network optimization, upgrade challenges, and lessons learned for cloud‑native practitioners.
The article chronicles the architectural evolution of China Telecom's Tianyi Account gateway—from its 2017 Zuul‑based 1.0 implementation, through a 2.0 redesign using Kong with custom plugins, to the current 3.0 version featuring CP/DP separation, multi‑language plugins, and cloud‑native deployment, highlighting performance gains, scalability, and operational improvements.
This article presents the motivation, architecture, component selection, user authentication flow, micro‑service integration, and technical details—including custom Lua plugins and NGINX phases—of an automated operations platform built on the cloud‑native API gateway Apache APISIX.
