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Database Architecture

280 articles · Page 1 of 3
ITPUB
ITPUB
Aug 17, 2026 · Databases

How a Veteran DBA Tackles Financial Multi‑Database and Big Data Architecture

In this interview, senior DBA Yao Wei shares over a decade of hands‑on experience designing, testing, and operating heterogeneous database ecosystems for retail, internet, and financial services, detailing pre‑emptive DBA involvement, compatibility pitfalls, high‑availability strategies, automated validation pipelines, and migration to domestic databases.

AutomationCDCData Migration
0 likes · 32 min read
How a Veteran DBA Tackles Financial Multi‑Database and Big Data Architecture
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Jul 19, 2026 · Databases

Why PostgreSQL’s Creator Criticizes Oracle and Google – AI‑Generated SQL Still Falls Short

In a candid interview, PostgreSQL founder Michael Stonebraker recounts his journey from Ingres to Postgres, critiques Oracle’s sales tactics, denounces Google’s and Amazon’s database strategies, explains Postgres’s extensible type system, explores the DBOS research project, and highlights why current large‑language‑model‑to‑SQL solutions remain far from production‑ready.

AIDBOSDatabase Architecture
0 likes · 25 min read
Why PostgreSQL’s Creator Criticizes Oracle and Google – AI‑Generated SQL Still Falls Short
IoT Full-Stack Technology
IoT Full-Stack Technology
Jul 13, 2026 · Databases

Is Sharding Dead? A Technical Comparison with NewSQL Databases

The article objectively compares middleware‑based sharding with NewSQL distributed databases, examining distributed transactions, CAP constraints, HA, scaling, storage engines, maturity, and ecosystem, and offers a decision framework for choosing the appropriate architecture based on concrete requirements.

CAP theoremDatabase ArchitectureHigh Availability
0 likes · 18 min read
Is Sharding Dead? A Technical Comparison with NewSQL Databases
Architect Chen
Architect Chen
Jun 4, 2026 · Databases

Comprehensive Guide to MySQL Master‑Slave Replication (Principles, Architecture, Implementation)

This article explains MySQL master‑slave replication in detail, covering its role in high‑availability and read/write separation, the core binlog mechanism, typical one‑master‑multiple‑slaves architecture, and the step‑by‑step data flow from write operations on the master to replay on the replicas.

Database ArchitectureMySQLbinlog
0 likes · 4 min read
Comprehensive Guide to MySQL Master‑Slave Replication (Principles, Architecture, Implementation)
DataFunTalk
DataFunTalk
Apr 1, 2026 · Industry Insights

How Oracle’s AI‑Powered Database Is Turning Data Sovereignty into a Competitive Edge

Oracle’s 2026 AI database rollout fuses vector search, private AI agents, unified memory, and deep data security directly into the database engine, challenging the cloud‑centric data‑movement paradigm and prompting a market shift that could revive Oracle’s dominance while reshaping strategies for DBAs, AI engineers, and decision makers.

AI DatabaseDatabase ArchitectureIndustry Trends
0 likes · 13 min read
How Oracle’s AI‑Powered Database Is Turning Data Sovereignty into a Competitive Edge
Architect Chen
Architect Chen
Jan 26, 2026 · Databases

Mastering MySQL Master‑Slave Replication: Architecture, Threads, and Setup

This article explains MySQL master‑slave replication, covering its purpose for high availability and read‑write separation, typical one‑master‑multiple‑slaves architecture, the binlog‑based synchronization mechanism, and the roles of the master’s dump thread and the slave’s I/O and SQL threads.

Binary LogDatabase ArchitectureHigh Availability
0 likes · 3 min read
Mastering MySQL Master‑Slave Replication: Architecture, Threads, and Setup
Radish, Keep Going!
Radish, Keep Going!
Jan 23, 2026 · Databases

How OpenAI Really Scaled PostgreSQL for Hundreds of Millions of Users

The article debunks OpenAI's sensational claim of handling 800 million ChatGPT users with a single PostgreSQL instance, revealing a pragmatic hybrid architecture that combines many read replicas, Azure CosmosDB for write‑heavy workloads, and top‑tier hardware, while highlighting cost and complexity considerations.

Azure CosmosDBDatabase ArchitecturePostgreSQL
0 likes · 6 min read
How OpenAI Really Scaled PostgreSQL for Hundreds of Millions of Users
Tencent Architect
Tencent Architect
Jan 7, 2026 · Databases

How Tencent Cloud MongoDB’s Key‑Based Flashback Enables Millisecond‑Level Data Recovery for Games

This article explains Tencent Cloud MongoDB’s backup and restore capabilities, the challenges posed by modern game workloads, and how the industry‑first key‑based flashback feature provides second‑level, fine‑grained, non‑disruptive data recovery, dramatically improving reliability and speed for game operators.

BackupData RecoveryDatabase Architecture
0 likes · 23 min read
How Tencent Cloud MongoDB’s Key‑Based Flashback Enables Millisecond‑Level Data Recovery for Games
Ray's Galactic Tech
Ray's Galactic Tech
Nov 29, 2025 · Databases

Why NoSQL Exists and When MySQL Stores Data on Disk vs Memory

This article explains why NoSQL emerged to address the scalability and schema rigidity limits of relational databases, clarifies that MySQL data may reside in memory or on disk depending on the storage engine, and provides a practical guide to selecting the right database for various workloads.

CAP theoremDatabase ArchitectureMySQL
0 likes · 9 min read
Why NoSQL Exists and When MySQL Stores Data on Disk vs Memory
Ray's Galactic Tech
Ray's Galactic Tech
Nov 19, 2025 · Databases

Master InnoDB: Architecture, Indexes, Transactions & Performance Tuning

This comprehensive guide walks you through MySQL InnoDB's core architecture, storage structures, indexing mechanisms, transaction and concurrency control, crash recovery, backup options, and practical performance‑tuning techniques, providing clear explanations and real‑world SQL examples.

Database ArchitectureIndexingInnoDB
0 likes · 8 min read
Master InnoDB: Architecture, Indexes, Transactions & Performance Tuning
Ray's Galactic Tech
Ray's Galactic Tech
Nov 14, 2025 · Databases

Mastering MySQL Master‑Slave Read/Write Splitting: 4 Strategies and Real‑World Practices

This article explains MySQL master‑slave replication, why read/write splitting is essential, four practical read‑distribution strategies, the main causes of replication lag, four solutions for write‑after‑read consistency, multi‑slave allocation methods, replication modes, and a real‑world e‑commerce decision matrix, ending with a golden architecture recommendation.

Database ArchitectureMySQLconsistency
0 likes · 11 min read
Mastering MySQL Master‑Slave Read/Write Splitting: 4 Strategies and Real‑World Practices
Mike Chen's Internet Architecture
Mike Chen's Internet Architecture
Oct 8, 2025 · Databases

Master MySQL Replication: Async, Semi‑Sync, and Full‑Sync Architectures Explained

This article outlines MySQL’s three primary replication architectures—async, semi‑sync, and full‑sync—detailing their mechanisms, typical topologies, performance trade‑offs, and suitable scenarios such as read‑heavy web services, high‑availability setups, and strict consistency requirements like financial transactions.

AsynchronousDatabase ArchitectureMySQL
0 likes · 4 min read
Master MySQL Replication: Async, Semi‑Sync, and Full‑Sync Architectures Explained
Sohu Tech Products
Sohu Tech Products
Jun 11, 2025 · Databases

Unlocking MySQL InnoDB: Deep Dive into Tablespaces, Undo Logs, and Indexes

This article explains MySQL InnoDB's dual memory and on‑disk architecture, detailing the various tablespace types (system, file‑per‑table, general, undo, temporary), their internal structures (segments, extents, pages), configuration tips, and how tables, row formats, primary keys, auto‑increment lock modes, and B+Tree indexes are organized and managed.

Database ArchitectureInnoDBMySQL
0 likes · 18 min read
Unlocking MySQL InnoDB: Deep Dive into Tablespaces, Undo Logs, and Indexes
Sanyou's Java Diary
Sanyou's Java Diary
Jun 9, 2025 · Databases

Inside InnoDB: How Buffer Pool, Change Buffer, and Adaptive Hash Index Boost MySQL Performance

This article explores the inner workings of InnoDB's architecture—including the Buffer Pool, Change Buffer, Adaptive Hash Index, and Log Buffer—detailing their designs, configuration parameters, performance impacts, and best‑practice recommendations for high‑throughput MySQL deployments.

Adaptive Hash IndexDatabase ArchitectureInnoDB
0 likes · 15 min read
Inside InnoDB: How Buffer Pool, Change Buffer, and Adaptive Hash Index Boost MySQL Performance
Baidu Geek Talk
Baidu Geek Talk
Jun 9, 2025 · Databases

How BaikalDB Tackles OLAP Challenges with Vectorized and MPP Engines

BaikalDB, Baidu's distributed storage system, evolves from an OLTP‑focused engine to a hybrid HTAP architecture by introducing a vectorized query engine and a massively parallel processing (MPP) layer, addressing compute and resource bottlenecks for large‑scale analytical workloads while preserving transactional guarantees.

BaikalDBDatabase ArchitectureHTAP
0 likes · 18 min read
How BaikalDB Tackles OLAP Challenges with Vectorized and MPP Engines
Architect
Architect
May 4, 2025 · Databases

NewSQL vs Middleware Sharding: Which Architecture Truly Wins?

This article objectively compares middleware‑based sharding with NewSQL distributed databases, examining architecture, distributed transactions, performance, high availability, scaling, SQL support, storage engines, and ecosystem maturity to help architects decide which solution fits their specific workload and operational constraints.

CAP theoremDatabase ArchitectureDistributed Databases
0 likes · 20 min read
NewSQL vs Middleware Sharding: Which Architecture Truly Wins?
Java Captain
Java Captain
Apr 17, 2025 · Databases

Choosing Between Sharding Middleware and NewSQL Distributed Databases: An Objective Comparison

This article objectively compares middleware‑based sharding with NewSQL distributed databases, examining their architectural differences, transaction models, high‑availability mechanisms, scaling, SQL support, storage engines, and maturity to help practitioners decide which approach best fits their workload and operational constraints.

Database ArchitectureHigh AvailabilityNewSQL
0 likes · 17 min read
Choosing Between Sharding Middleware and NewSQL Distributed Databases: An Objective Comparison
Aikesheng Open Source Community
Aikesheng Open Source Community
Mar 31, 2025 · Databases

Smarter Query Routing with MySQL Routing Guidelines

The article explains how MySQL Shell and MySQL Router 9.2 introduce Routing Guidelines, a declarative, context‑aware query routing feature that lets administrators define fine‑grained rules based on server roles, session attributes, and network information to improve latency, load‑balancing, and fault‑tolerance in complex MySQL topologies.

AdminAPIDatabase ArchitectureMySQL
0 likes · 14 min read
Smarter Query Routing with MySQL Routing Guidelines
Java Architect Essentials
Java Architect Essentials
Mar 14, 2025 · Databases

Comparing NewSQL Databases with Middleware‑Based Sharding: Advantages, Trade‑offs, and Selection Guidance

This article objectively compares NewSQL distributed databases with traditional middleware‑based sharding solutions, examining their architectures, distributed transaction handling, high‑availability, scaling, storage engines, and ecosystem maturity, and provides guidance on selecting the appropriate approach based on consistency, growth, operational capacity, and performance requirements.

Database ArchitectureHigh AvailabilityNewSQL
0 likes · 19 min read
Comparing NewSQL Databases with Middleware‑Based Sharding: Advantages, Trade‑offs, and Selection Guidance
Java Web Project
Java Web Project
Mar 6, 2025 · Databases

NewSQL vs Middleware Sharding: Which Architecture Truly Wins?

This article objectively compares NewSQL databases with middleware‑based sharding, dissecting their core architectures, distributed transaction handling, high‑availability designs, scaling mechanisms, SQL support, storage engines, and maturity to help engineers decide the most suitable solution for their workloads.

CAP theoremDatabase ArchitectureHigh Availability
0 likes · 20 min read
NewSQL vs Middleware Sharding: Which Architecture Truly Wins?
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Feb 20, 2025 · Artificial Intelligence

Can DeepSeek AI Replace DBA Tasks? Real-World Database Scenarios Tested

This article examines DeepSeek, a Chinese AGI‑focused AI model, and demonstrates how prompt engineering can enable it to assist database architects, development DBAs, and operations DBAs across various real‑world scenarios, while also discussing its broader impact on individuals, vendors, and enterprises.

AI for DBAsDatabase ArchitectureDeepSeek
0 likes · 10 min read
Can DeepSeek AI Replace DBA Tasks? Real-World Database Scenarios Tested
Raymond Ops
Raymond Ops
Jan 28, 2025 · Databases

Unlock MySQL’s Pluggable Storage Engine: Architecture, APIs, and DIY Guide

This article explains MySQL’s logical architecture, details the storage‑engine API and its key components such as connectors, parsers, optimizer, caches, and file system interaction, and provides step‑by‑step guidance on creating, opening, locking, scanning tables and building a custom storage engine.

APIDatabase ArchitectureMySQL
0 likes · 12 min read
Unlock MySQL’s Pluggable Storage Engine: Architecture, APIs, and DIY Guide
Liangxu Linux
Liangxu Linux
Jan 16, 2025 · Databases

Inside MySQL: How Buffer Pools, Indexes, and Logs Power Modern Databases

This article explains MySQL’s internal architecture, covering how data pages, B+‑tree and hash indexes, the Buffer Pool, Adaptive Hash Index, Change Buffer, Undo/Redo logs, the InnoDB storage engine, and the server layer work together to provide fast, reliable CRUD operations and support replication.

Database ArchitectureInnoDBMySQL
0 likes · 14 min read
Inside MySQL: How Buffer Pools, Indexes, and Logs Power Modern Databases
Architect
Architect
Jan 14, 2025 · Databases

How MySQL Guarantees ACID: Deep Dive into Undo, Redo, and Binlog

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of MySQL’s internal architecture, detailing the four-layer design, the server service layer’s parsing, optimization and execution components, and the critical roles of Undo Log, Redo Log, and Binlog in ensuring ACID transaction properties.

ACIDDatabase ArchitectureMySQL
0 likes · 29 min read
How MySQL Guarantees ACID: Deep Dive into Undo, Redo, and Binlog
Zhuanzhuan Tech
Zhuanzhuan Tech
Dec 13, 2024 · Databases

Understanding MySQL Architecture and Log Mechanisms for ACID Transactions

This article provides a comprehensive overview of MySQL's layered architecture, the functions and core components of the server layer, and detailed explanations of Undo Log, Redo Log, and Binlog mechanisms that together ensure the ACID properties of transactions, including practical execution flows for queries and updates.

ACIDDatabase ArchitectureMySQL
0 likes · 29 min read
Understanding MySQL Architecture and Log Mechanisms for ACID Transactions
IT Services Circle
IT Services Circle
Dec 5, 2024 · Databases

Understanding High-Concurrency Connection Issues in PostgreSQL and the Benefits of Using pgBouncer

The article explains how thousands of simultaneous client connections to a single PostgreSQL primary can cause severe write‑performance degradation, how introducing a connection pool such as pgBouncer reduces active backend processes dramatically, and why external pooling is preferred over built‑in solutions, illustrated with real‑world examples and a reference to the open‑source Pigsty distribution.

Connection PoolingDatabase ArchitecturePigsty
0 likes · 7 min read
Understanding High-Concurrency Connection Issues in PostgreSQL and the Benefits of Using pgBouncer
Mike Chen's Internet Architecture
Mike Chen's Internet Architecture
Nov 11, 2024 · Databases

Is Redis Single‑Threaded? Uncover Its Core Architecture and Multi‑Threading Features

Redis primarily operates with a single thread using I/O multiplexing (select, poll, epoll) to handle massive concurrent connections, while newer versions introduce optional multi‑threaded networking and use child processes for persistence, maintaining its core single‑threaded design for data processing.

Database ArchitectureI/O multiplexingRedis
0 likes · 5 min read
Is Redis Single‑Threaded? Uncover Its Core Architecture and Multi‑Threading Features
58 Tech
58 Tech
Oct 28, 2024 · Databases

Design and Practices of Multi‑Tenant Database Management in the QiaoFang SaaS System

This article examines the QiaoFang SaaS platform’s multi‑tenant database architecture, tenant data governance, multi‑partition service design, and operational practices such as database operations, cleanup, and monitoring, highlighting the challenges and solutions for large‑scale real‑estate brokerage services.

Data GovernanceDatabase ArchitectureSaaS
0 likes · 17 min read
Design and Practices of Multi‑Tenant Database Management in the QiaoFang SaaS System
Baidu Tech Salon
Baidu Tech Salon
Oct 22, 2024 · Big Data

TDE-ClickHouse: Baidu MEG's High-Performance Big Data Analytics Engine

TDE‑ClickHouse, the core engine of Baidu MEG’s Turing 3.0 ecosystem, delivers sub‑second, self‑service analytics on petabyte‑scale data by decoupling compute, adding multi‑level aggregation, high‑cardinality and rule‑based optimizations, a two‑phase bulk‑load pipeline, cloud‑native deployment, and a lightweight meta service, now powering over 350 000 cores, 10 PB storage and more than 150 000 daily BI queries with average response times under three seconds.

ClickHouseDatabase ArchitectureQuery Optimization
0 likes · 19 min read
TDE-ClickHouse: Baidu MEG's High-Performance Big Data Analytics Engine
Java Tech Enthusiast
Java Tech Enthusiast
Oct 3, 2024 · Databases

Understanding MySQL Architecture and SQL Execution Flow

The article outlines MySQL’s layered architecture—connector, parser, optimizer, executor, and binary log in the server layer and pluggable storage engines like InnoDB—then walks through the step‑by‑step processing of SELECT and UPDATE statements, highlighting permission checks, caching, plan selection, redo and binlog handling for crash‑safe durability.

Database ArchitectureInnoDBMySQL
0 likes · 11 min read
Understanding MySQL Architecture and SQL Execution Flow
Programmer1970
Programmer1970
Oct 2, 2024 · Databases

A Deep Dive into MongoDB’s Technical Architecture

This article outlines MongoDB’s core features, its layered technical architecture—including storage, data model, query language, indexing, replication, sharding, and transactions—and explains the three cluster deployment modes with detailed roles and request flow for sharded clusters.

Database ArchitectureIndexingMongoDB
0 likes · 10 min read
A Deep Dive into MongoDB’s Technical Architecture
Architect's Guide
Architect's Guide
Sep 29, 2024 · Databases

Advantages of NewSQL Databases Over Middleware‑Based Sharding: Architecture, Transactions, HA, and Scaling

This article objectively compares NewSQL distributed databases with traditional middleware‑based sharding, examining their architectural advantages, distributed transaction handling, high‑availability mechanisms, scaling and sharding strategies, storage engine differences, ecosystem maturity, and provides guidance on selecting the appropriate solution for various workloads.

Database ArchitectureNewSQLPaxos
0 likes · 21 min read
Advantages of NewSQL Databases Over Middleware‑Based Sharding: Architecture, Transactions, HA, and Scaling
Baidu Geek Talk
Baidu Geek Talk
Sep 11, 2024 · Databases

Why Vector Databases Are the Next Big Thing in AI: A Deep Dive into RAG and Baidu’s VectorDB

This article examines the 70‑year evolution of databases, explains how large‑model AI drives the rise of vector databases and Retrieval‑Augmented Generation (RAG), outlines the four‑stage RAG workflow, compares Baidu’s self‑built VectorDB with open‑source alternatives, and showcases real‑world deployments that highlight performance, scalability, and enterprise benefits.

AIDatabase ArchitectureIndustry Insights
0 likes · 16 min read
Why Vector Databases Are the Next Big Thing in AI: A Deep Dive into RAG and Baidu’s VectorDB
Tencent Cloud Developer
Tencent Cloud Developer
Aug 30, 2024 · Databases

How X‑Stor Achieves Multi‑Model, Multi‑Tenant Cloud‑Native NoSQL Performance

This article introduces X‑Stor, a cloud‑native NoSQL service that supports multiple data models and process‑level multi‑tenant isolation, explains its architecture and design choices, and presents extensive experimental results that compare its performance and resource management against single‑model databases.

Database ArchitectureNoSQLmulti-tenant
0 likes · 12 min read
How X‑Stor Achieves Multi‑Model, Multi‑Tenant Cloud‑Native NoSQL Performance
Architecture & Thinking
Architecture & Thinking
Aug 15, 2024 · Databases

How to Evolve Your Database Architecture for Massive Scale: From Monolith to Sharding

This article outlines the progressive evolution of database architectures—from simple monolithic designs to cold‑hot separation, read‑write splitting, and horizontal sharding—explaining each pattern, its components, and the performance and scalability benefits they bring to large‑scale systems.

Cold Hot SeparationDatabase ArchitectureMySQL
0 likes · 8 min read
How to Evolve Your Database Architecture for Massive Scale: From Monolith to Sharding
21CTO
21CTO
Aug 8, 2024 · Databases

Why SQL Will Outlast NoSQL: Lessons from 20 Years of Database Evolution

Despite the hype around NoSQL, this article argues that SQL and relational databases remain the superior choice for transactional data, tracing two decades of research, highlighting the limitations of NoSQL, and showing how modern databases now incorporate the best features of both worlds.

ACIDDatabase ArchitectureNoSQL
0 likes · 9 min read
Why SQL Will Outlast NoSQL: Lessons from 20 Years of Database Evolution
Architect
Architect
Jul 29, 2024 · Databases

NewSQL vs Middleware Sharding: Which Architecture Truly Wins?

This article objectively compares NewSQL distributed databases with traditional middleware‑based sharding solutions, examining their architectures, transaction models, scalability, high‑availability mechanisms, storage engines, maturity, and offering a decision framework to help engineers choose the most suitable approach for their workloads.

CAP theoremDatabase ArchitectureDistributed Databases
0 likes · 20 min read
NewSQL vs Middleware Sharding: Which Architecture Truly Wins?
Big Data Technology & Architecture
Big Data Technology & Architecture
Jul 26, 2024 · Databases

Apache Doris Architecture and Common Q&A: Read/Write Flow, Replication Consistency, Storage, and High Availability

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Apache Doris, explaining its frontend and backend nodes, storage structures such as tablets, rowsets, and segments, replication mechanisms, partitioning versus bucketing, indexing types, compaction processes, and high‑availability strategies through a detailed Q&A format.

Apache DorisBig DataDatabase Architecture
0 likes · 22 min read
Apache Doris Architecture and Common Q&A: Read/Write Flow, Replication Consistency, Storage, and High Availability
Architect
Architect
Jul 7, 2024 · Databases

Why Is Redis So Fast? Inside Its Single‑Threaded and Multithreaded Architecture

This article explains how Redis achieves tens of thousands of QPS on average hardware, breaks down the technical reasons behind its speed—including C implementation, in‑memory design, epoll‑based I/O multiplexing, and a single‑threaded event loop—while also detailing the evolution to multithreaded I/O in later versions.

Database ArchitectureRedisevent loop
0 likes · 19 min read
Why Is Redis So Fast? Inside Its Single‑Threaded and Multithreaded Architecture
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Jul 4, 2024 · Databases

How Uber Scaled Docstore with CacheFront: An Integrated Caching Solution

This article details Uber's Docstore distributed database challenges and explains the design, architecture, and implementation of CacheFront—a transparent, high‑performance caching layer that reduces latency, improves scalability, and maintains strong consistency across microservices.

Database ArchitectureRediscaching
0 likes · 19 min read
How Uber Scaled Docstore with CacheFront: An Integrated Caching Solution
ITPUB
ITPUB
Jun 24, 2024 · Databases

What Is HTAP? Exploring Architecture Types, Key Technologies, and China’s Leading Databases

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) databases, detailing the four architectural patterns, five core technologies, and a comparative analysis of major Chinese HTAP products such as TiDB, OceanBase, PolarDB‑X, TDSQL, GaussDB and GreatSQL, while also discussing their characteristics and remaining challenges.

Database ArchitectureHTAPHybrid Transactional Analytical Processing
0 likes · 22 min read
What Is HTAP? Exploring Architecture Types, Key Technologies, and China’s Leading Databases
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Jun 23, 2024 · Databases

How Vitess Scales MySQL for YouTube: Architecture and Lessons

This article explains how Vitess was created to overcome MySQL leader‑follower replication limits at YouTube, detailing its sidecar VTTablet, stateless VTGate router, topology key‑value store, and scaling strategies that enable billions of users to be served reliably.

Database ArchitectureMySQL scalingSharding
0 likes · 7 min read
How Vitess Scales MySQL for YouTube: Architecture and Lessons
Practical DevOps Architecture
Practical DevOps Architecture
Jun 4, 2024 · Databases

Causes and Solutions for MySQL Master‑Slave Replication Lag

This article explains why MySQL master‑slave replication can become delayed—including single‑threaded binlog processing, high load, network latency, and configuration issues—and provides detailed troubleshooting steps and practical solutions such as semi‑synchronous replication, hardware upgrades, and configuration tuning.

Database ArchitectureMySQLSemi‑synchronous
0 likes · 8 min read
Causes and Solutions for MySQL Master‑Slave Replication Lag
Efficient Ops
Efficient Ops
Jun 3, 2024 · Databases

How Does MySQL Execute a Query? Inside the Server Architecture

This article walks through how MySQL processes a SELECT query, detailing the server and storage engine layers, the roles of the connector, query cache, parser, optimizer, and executor, and provides practical command‑line examples to illustrate each step.

ConnectorDatabase ArchitectureExecutor
0 likes · 11 min read
How Does MySQL Execute a Query? Inside the Server Architecture
Alibaba Cloud Developer
Alibaba Cloud Developer
May 27, 2024 · Databases

How PolarDB Serverless Achieves Seamless Scale‑up and Read Scale‑out

This article analyzes the PolarDB Serverless paper awarded at ICDE 2024, detailing its shared‑storage architecture, seamless cross‑machine migration, strong‑consistent read scaling, implementation techniques, experimental performance versus Aurora Serverless, and its rapid commercial adoption.

Cross-Machine MigrationDatabase ArchitecturePolarDB Serverless
0 likes · 16 min read
How PolarDB Serverless Achieves Seamless Scale‑up and Read Scale‑out
Java Architect Essentials
Java Architect Essentials
May 19, 2024 · Databases

Choosing Between NewSQL Databases and Middleware‑Based Sharding: A Comparative Analysis

This article objectively compares NewSQL distributed databases with traditional middleware‑based sharding solutions, examining their architectures, distributed transaction support, high availability, scaling, storage engines, SQL capabilities, maturity, and suitability for various workloads, to help architects decide which approach best fits their needs.

Database ArchitectureNewSQLSharding
0 likes · 20 min read
Choosing Between NewSQL Databases and Middleware‑Based Sharding: A Comparative Analysis
Selected Java Interview Questions
Selected Java Interview Questions
May 10, 2024 · Databases

Comparing NewSQL Databases with Middleware‑Based Sharding: Advantages, Limitations, and Practical Guidance

This article objectively compares NewSQL databases and middleware‑plus‑sharding architectures, examining their core principles, distributed transaction handling, high‑availability mechanisms, scaling and sharding strategies, SQL support, storage engines, and maturity to help engineers decide which solution fits their workload.

Database ArchitectureHigh AvailabilityNewSQL
0 likes · 18 min read
Comparing NewSQL Databases with Middleware‑Based Sharding: Advantages, Limitations, and Practical Guidance
Java Captain
Java Captain
Apr 26, 2024 · Databases

Choosing Between Sharding Middleware and NewSQL Distributed Databases: Advantages, Trade‑offs, and Use Cases

This article objectively compares middleware‑based sharding with modern NewSQL distributed databases, examining their architectural differences, performance, transaction support, scalability, high‑availability, and operational considerations, to help practitioners decide which approach best fits their workload and organizational constraints.

Database ArchitectureHigh AvailabilityNewSQL
0 likes · 20 min read
Choosing Between Sharding Middleware and NewSQL Distributed Databases: Advantages, Trade‑offs, and Use Cases
Huawei Cloud Developer Alliance
Huawei Cloud Developer Alliance
Apr 24, 2024 · Databases

How Does GaussDB Execute SQL? Inside Its Engine and Optimization

This article explains GaussDB's system architecture, the roles of GTM, CN, and DN, the SQL and storage engines, parsing stages, rule‑based and cost‑based optimizers (including AI‑based techniques), distributed query plans, execution operators, and the parallel execution framework that together enable high‑performance SQL processing in a cloud‑native distributed database.

Database ArchitectureGaussDBSQL Engine
0 likes · 15 min read
How Does GaussDB Execute SQL? Inside Its Engine and Optimization
JavaEdge
JavaEdge
Feb 23, 2024 · Databases

Inside Alibaba's Doris KV Store: Architecture, Routing & Failover Secrets

This article examines Alibaba's internal Doris KV storage system, detailing why large companies build proprietary data products, the project's kickoff criteria, the two‑layer architecture, virtual‑node routing, failover mechanisms, and cluster scaling strategies for massive KV workloads.

Database ArchitectureFailoverKV store
0 likes · 18 min read
Inside Alibaba's Doris KV Store: Architecture, Routing & Failover Secrets
Baidu Geek Talk
Baidu Geek Talk
Jan 29, 2024 · Databases

BTS (Baidu Table Storage): Architecture and Core Technologies

BTS (Baidu Table Storage) is Baidu Intelligent Cloud’s high‑performance, low‑cost semi‑structured NoSQL service that evolved from single‑table to multi‑model (wide tables, time‑series, soon documents), featuring a three‑layer compute‑storage separation architecture, multi‑level caching, hot‑backup HA, and supporting massive IoT, AI, autonomous‑driving and monitoring workloads.

BTSBaidu Table StorageCloud Storage
0 likes · 21 min read
BTS (Baidu Table Storage): Architecture and Core Technologies
Liangxu Linux
Liangxu Linux
Jan 24, 2024 · Databases

How MySQL Executes a SELECT Query: From Connection to Result

This article explains the complete lifecycle of a MySQL SELECT statement, covering the server and storage‑engine layers, the roles of the connector, query cache, parser, optimizer and executor, and provides concrete command‑line and SQL examples.

Database ArchitectureMySQLOptimizer
0 likes · 10 min read
How MySQL Executes a SELECT Query: From Connection to Result
ITPUB
ITPUB
Jan 22, 2024 · Databases

Why SQLite Became the World’s Most Popular Embedded Database

This article traces SQLite’s origins from a 2000 Navy project, explains how its first version wrapped GDBM, details its layered architecture and code flow, and shows how Richard Hipp’s philosophy of building every component himself turned SQLite into the ubiquitous embedded database we see everywhere today.

Database ArchitectureEmbedded DatabaseGDBM
0 likes · 10 min read
Why SQLite Became the World’s Most Popular Embedded Database
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Dec 25, 2023 · Databases

When Should You Choose Distributed Over Centralized Databases? A Practical Guide

This article examines the current landscape of Chinese databases, compares centralized and distributed architectures, outlines when distributed solutions are truly needed, provides performance test data, and offers practical advice on sharding, SQL design, and avoiding cross‑node bottlenecks.

Database ArchitectureDistributed DatabasesSharding
0 likes · 14 min read
When Should You Choose Distributed Over Centralized Databases? A Practical Guide
Aikesheng Open Source Community
Aikesheng Open Source Community
Nov 29, 2023 · Databases

When to Use Distributed vs. Centralized Databases: Analysis, Benchmarks, and Best Practices

This article examines the trade‑offs between centralized and distributed OLTP databases, presents industry usage statistics, performance benchmarks, practical questions for migration, and detailed guidance on sharding, SQL design, and operational considerations to help decide when a distributed solution is truly needed.

Database ArchitectureDistributed DatabasesOLTP
0 likes · 12 min read
When to Use Distributed vs. Centralized Databases: Analysis, Benchmarks, and Best Practices
NetEase Cloud Music Tech Team
NetEase Cloud Music Tech Team
Oct 27, 2023 · Databases

Corona Technical Series: Time-Series Databases in Corona

The article explains how Corona leverages three time‑series databases—InfluxDB for storing pre‑aggregated user metrics and platform health data, ClickHouse for real‑time multidimensional log analysis with aggregations, and ElasticSearch for full‑text searchable log monitoring—detailing their schema designs and query examples.

ClickHouseCoronaDatabase Architecture
0 likes · 19 min read
Corona Technical Series: Time-Series Databases in Corona
Java Architect Essentials
Java Architect Essentials
Oct 12, 2023 · Databases

TiDB Overview: Architecture, Features, Compatibility, and Use Cases

This article provides a comprehensive overview of TiDB, an open‑source distributed NewSQL database, covering its origins, architecture components, high‑availability design, HTAP capabilities, MySQL compatibility, differences from traditional SQL and NoSQL, and practical deployment scenarios.

Cloud NativeDatabase ArchitectureHTAP
0 likes · 22 min read
TiDB Overview: Architecture, Features, Compatibility, and Use Cases
JD Cloud Developers
JD Cloud Developers
Oct 12, 2023 · Databases

How to Handle MySQL Replication Lag in Read/Write Splitting Architectures

This article explains the reasons for read/write splitting, compares direct‑client and proxy‑based master‑slave setups, and presents five practical strategies—including forcing reads to the master, sleep delays, lag checks, master‑position waiting, and GTID waiting—to mitigate stale reads caused by MySQL replication lag.

Database ArchitectureLag MitigationMySQL
0 likes · 15 min read
How to Handle MySQL Replication Lag in Read/Write Splitting Architectures
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Aug 10, 2023 · Databases

What Is NewSQL? Exploring TiDB’s Distributed Database Features

This article explains the evolution from traditional SQL and NoSQL to NewSQL, outlines the limitations of each, and provides an in‑depth look at TiDB—a cloud‑native, distributed NewSQL database—covering its architecture, core features, high‑availability design, compatibility with MySQL, and typical use cases.

Database ArchitectureHTAPMySQL Compatibility
0 likes · 24 min read
What Is NewSQL? Exploring TiDB’s Distributed Database Features
DataFunTalk
DataFunTalk
Jul 30, 2023 · Databases

MatrixOne Architecture and OLAP Engine Design Overview

This article presents an in‑depth overview of MatrixOne, an open‑source hyper‑converged cloud‑native database, detailing its three‑tier architecture of compute, data and file services, and explains the design and implementation of its OLAP engine, including parser, planner, optimizer, and push‑based execution pipeline.

Database ArchitectureExecution EngineMatrixOne
0 likes · 18 min read
MatrixOne Architecture and OLAP Engine Design Overview
Architect
Architect
Jul 14, 2023 · Databases

From Single‑Node to Scalable Redis Cluster: A Step‑by‑Step Architecture Guide

This article walks through Redis's evolution from a simple single‑instance cache to a highly available, high‑performance cluster, explaining persistence mechanisms (RDB, AOF, hybrid), master‑slave replication, Sentinel automatic failover, and sharding strategies with concrete examples and trade‑offs.

ClusteringDatabase ArchitectureHigh Availability
0 likes · 20 min read
From Single‑Node to Scalable Redis Cluster: A Step‑by‑Step Architecture Guide
Programmer DD
Programmer DD
Jun 25, 2023 · Databases

Process vs Thread Model in PostgreSQL: Benefits, Drawbacks, and Future Proposal

The article examines PostgreSQL's traditional process‑oriented architecture, compares it with a proposed thread‑based model, outlines the advantages and disadvantages of each, and discusses community perspectives on transitioning to threads for improved performance and resource efficiency.

Database ArchitecturePostgreSQLProcess Model
0 likes · 6 min read
Process vs Thread Model in PostgreSQL: Benefits, Drawbacks, and Future Proposal
政采云技术
政采云技术
Jun 13, 2023 · Databases

MySQL Logical Architecture Design and Performance Optimization

This article explains MySQL's four‑layer logical architecture, describes high‑performance read strategies, details data pages, buffer pool and LRU algorithm, and provides comprehensive guidance on index structures, optimization techniques, and best practices for improving query performance.

Database ArchitectureIndexingLRU algorithm
0 likes · 14 min read
MySQL Logical Architecture Design and Performance Optimization
Huolala Tech
Huolala Tech
May 18, 2023 · Databases

When to Adopt Distributed Databases? A Practical Guide to Choosing the Right Architecture

This article examines why traditional single‑node databases struggle with growing data volumes, outlines the three main distributed‑database architectures, compares their trade‑offs in availability, consistency, scalability and operational complexity, and offers practical criteria for deciding whether a distributed solution is truly needed.

Cloud databasesDatabase ArchitectureDistributed Databases
0 likes · 25 min read
When to Adopt Distributed Databases? A Practical Guide to Choosing the Right Architecture
DataFunSummit
DataFunSummit
Mar 15, 2023 · Databases

Abase: ByteDance’s Large‑Scale Online KV Storage System – Architecture, High Availability, and Key Technologies

This article introduces Abase, ByteDance’s massive online KV storage system, detailing its evolution from a single‑cluster KV service to a multi‑region, multi‑tenant platform, and explains the high‑availability challenges and the leaderless multi‑write architecture, hybrid logical clocks, quorum settings, and performance optimizations that enable hundred‑billion QPS and sub‑10 ms latency.

ABaseByteDanceConsensus Protocols
0 likes · 19 min read
Abase: ByteDance’s Large‑Scale Online KV Storage System – Architecture, High Availability, and Key Technologies
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Mar 7, 2023 · Databases

Analysis of Current Trends, Architecture, and Technologies in Chinese Database Products

This article reviews recent Chinese database market reports, outlines the evolution of database management systems, describes architectural layers, HTAP solutions, compression techniques, storage index structures, intelligent governance, and deployment models, highlighting both technical trends and future directions.

Cloud DeploymentDatabase ArchitectureDatabases
0 likes · 11 min read
Analysis of Current Trends, Architecture, and Technologies in Chinese Database Products
Architects Research Society
Architects Research Society
Feb 19, 2023 · Databases

Comparative Analysis of MongoDB and CouchDB Document Databases

This article provides a detailed comparison of two document‑oriented NoSQL databases, MongoDB and CouchDB, covering their architectures, features, replication models, mobile support, query mechanisms, code examples, and guidance on choosing the appropriate system based on application requirements.

ComparisonCouchDBDatabase Architecture
0 likes · 13 min read
Comparative Analysis of MongoDB and CouchDB Document Databases
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Jan 29, 2023 · Databases

Why Single‑Node MySQL Is Dying and Distributed Databases Are the Future

The article explains how single‑instance MySQL struggles with huge tables, resource‑starved databases, and high read traffic, and argues that sharding middleware is being replaced by modern distributed databases such as TiDB, OceanBase, Aurora, and PolarDB as the sustainable scaling solution.

Database ArchitectureMySQLSharding
0 likes · 9 min read
Why Single‑Node MySQL Is Dying and Distributed Databases Are the Future
DeWu Technology
DeWu Technology
Nov 25, 2022 · Databases

Milvus Vector Database Performance Testing and Architecture Analysis

The author stress‑tested Milvus 2.1.4’s cloud‑native, micro‑service architecture—detailing its write and search paths, evaluating FLAT index performance across 100 K to 10 M 512‑dim vectors, uncovering scaling, scheduler, segment‑rebalance, and upgrade issues, and concluding the system is robust but benefits from graph‑based indexes and Helm‑driven scaling.

Database ArchitectureMilvusPerformance Testing
0 likes · 10 min read
Milvus Vector Database Performance Testing and Architecture Analysis
Aikesheng Open Source Community
Aikesheng Open Source Community
Oct 18, 2022 · Databases

Why MySQL Remains Popular and Its Logical Architecture

The article explains MySQL's continued dominance in the database market, presents recent developer survey statistics, describes its three‑layer logical architecture, and introduces the new edition of the "High Performance MySQL" book as a guide for modern database professionals.

Database ArchitectureDeveloper SurveyHigh Availability
0 likes · 7 min read
Why MySQL Remains Popular and Its Logical Architecture
JD Cloud Developers
JD Cloud Developers
Sep 27, 2022 · Databases

Unveiling MySQL’s Inner Workings: From SQL Query to InnoDB Storage Engine

This article demystifies MySQL’s processing pipeline by tracing a simple UPDATE statement through the application, service, and storage engine layers, detailing connection handling, SQL parsing, optimization, execution, buffer pool management, and the roles of undo and redo logs in ensuring data integrity.

Database ArchitectureInnoDBMySQL
0 likes · 18 min read
Unveiling MySQL’s Inner Workings: From SQL Query to InnoDB Storage Engine
Architects' Tech Alliance
Architects' Tech Alliance
Sep 23, 2022 · Databases

Analysis of Chinese Database Product Strategies and Emerging Trends

This article summarizes recent Chinese database product strategy reports, outlining database definitions, management systems, design processes, product classifications, architectural layers, HTAP technology, compression methods, storage index structures, intelligent autonomous optimization, and deployment models, highlighting trends and future directions in the database industry.

Cloud DeploymentDatabase ArchitectureDatabases
0 likes · 8 min read
Analysis of Chinese Database Product Strategies and Emerging Trends
Architect
Architect
Sep 19, 2022 · Databases

Redis Architecture: From Single‑Threaded Core to Multi‑Threaded I/O and BIO Evolution

This article explains how Redis evolved from a single‑threaded event‑loop architecture using I/O multiplexing and the Reactor pattern to a multi‑threaded I/O model and an enhanced BIO system with lazyfree, detailing design decisions, source‑code excerpts, performance impacts, and practical lessons for developers.

Database ArchitectureRedislazyfree
0 likes · 44 min read
Redis Architecture: From Single‑Threaded Core to Multi‑Threaded I/O and BIO Evolution
dbaplus Community
dbaplus Community
Sep 17, 2022 · Databases

Choosing the Right Redis Deployment: Features, Architectures, and Best Practices

This article examines Redis 6.0 and 5.0 new features, compares various deployment architectures—including master‑replica, cluster, and read/write‑split—and provides practical guidance, code examples, and performance considerations to help engineers select the optimal Redis setup for production environments.

ClusterDatabase ArchitectureMaster-Replica
0 likes · 12 min read
Choosing the Right Redis Deployment: Features, Architectures, and Best Practices
ITPUB
ITPUB
Sep 8, 2022 · Databases

Master MySQL Performance: 5 Key Optimization Strategies You Must Know

This guide explores five essential dimensions of MySQL performance tuning—including connection configuration, architectural choices such as caching and read‑write splitting, optimizer settings, storage engine selection, and schema design—providing concrete commands, formulas, and best‑practice recommendations to accelerate query execution and reduce load.

Database ArchitectureMySQLQuery Optimization
0 likes · 20 min read
Master MySQL Performance: 5 Key Optimization Strategies You Must Know
IT Architects Alliance
IT Architects Alliance
Sep 4, 2022 · Databases

Mastering MySQL: From Replication to High Availability and Sharding Strategies

This article examines why single-node databases no longer meet modern internet workloads, explores MySQL replication models (master‑slave, asynchronous, semi‑synchronous, group replication), discusses high‑availability solutions such as MHA, MGR and Orchestrator, and outlines vertical and horizontal sharding techniques along with their trade‑offs.

Database ArchitectureHigh AvailabilityMGR
0 likes · 13 min read
Mastering MySQL: From Replication to High Availability and Sharding Strategies
DataFunSummit
DataFunSummit
Aug 31, 2022 · Databases

Alibaba Cloud Graph Database (GDB): Product Overview, Capabilities, Execution Engine, and Applications

The article introduces Alibaba Cloud's Graph Database (GDB), detailing its product features, supported query languages, high‑performance and high‑availability architecture, parallel execution engine based on the Volcano model and Morsel‑driven parallelism, and showcases real‑world use cases such as DingTalk friend recommendation and Hema Fresh recommendation.

Alibaba CloudDatabase ArchitectureGraph Database
0 likes · 10 min read
Alibaba Cloud Graph Database (GDB): Product Overview, Capabilities, Execution Engine, and Applications
Architect's Guide
Architect's Guide
Aug 9, 2022 · Databases

Seven Key Aspects of Distributed Storage Systems: Replication, Storage Engine, Transactions, Analytics, Multi‑core, Compute, and Compilation

The article presents a comprehensive guide to distributed storage, organizing its design and implementation into seven essential dimensions—replication, storage engine, transaction processing, analytical query execution, multi‑core scaling, compute engine architecture, and compilation techniques—each explained with core concepts, challenges, and practical considerations.

Database ArchitectureTransactionsanalytics
0 likes · 13 min read
Seven Key Aspects of Distributed Storage Systems: Replication, Storage Engine, Transactions, Analytics, Multi‑core, Compute, and Compilation
DataFunSummit
DataFunSummit
Jul 28, 2022 · Databases

TiDB HTAP for Financial Intelligent Risk Control: Architecture, Challenges, and Solutions

This article presents a comprehensive overview of how TiDB's HTAP capabilities enable real‑time multi‑source data processing for financial intelligent risk control, detailing the overall risk‑control architecture, digital transformation challenges, TiDB‑based solutions, practical implementations, and future outlooks.

Database ArchitectureHTAPIntelligent Risk Control
0 likes · 12 min read
TiDB HTAP for Financial Intelligent Risk Control: Architecture, Challenges, and Solutions
DataFunTalk
DataFunTalk
Jul 3, 2022 · Databases

MatrixOne HTAP Technical Overview: Architecture, Storage Engine, and Implementation Paths

This article presents a comprehensive technical overview of MatrixOne's HTAP journey, detailing the challenges of hybrid transaction/analytical processing, classifying existing HTAP approaches, describing MatrixOne's storage architecture, AOE and TAE engines, and outlining future roadmap and performance considerations.

AOEColumnar StoreDatabase Architecture
0 likes · 19 min read
MatrixOne HTAP Technical Overview: Architecture, Storage Engine, and Implementation Paths