Sharing over a decade of architecture experience from Baidu, Alibaba, and Tencent.
This article explains MySQL master‑slave replication, covering its purpose for high availability and read‑write separation, typical one‑master‑multiple‑slaves architecture, the binlog‑based synchronization mechanism, and the roles of the master’s dump thread and the slave’s I/O and SQL threads.
This guide explains how to maximize Nginx's concurrent handling capacity by configuring worker_processes, worker_connections, event settings, system limits, and I/O optimizations, providing concrete code snippets and kernel parameters for achieving tens of thousands of simultaneous connections.
This guide explains how to achieve million‑level concurrent request handling by combining Nginx, LVS, and Keepalived, detailing the architecture layers, load‑balancing design, high‑availability configuration, and practical sample configurations for each component in modern large‑scale web services.
This article explains Docker’s three fundamental OS‑level mechanisms—Namespaces, Cgroups, and UnionFS—detailing how they provide process, network, and filesystem isolation, resource management, and layered image storage for efficient container operation.
Single Sign-On (SSO) lets users authenticate once and automatically gain access to all trusted applications, eliminating repeated logins and streamlining user experience across heterogeneous systems such as e‑commerce, payment, and collaboration platforms.
This guide compiles the most frequently used Docker commands, covering version checks, image management, container lifecycle, network and volume operations, as well as cleanup techniques, providing a concise reference for developers working with cloud‑native container environments.
This guide explains how to avoid duplicate message consumption in Kafka by designing unique identifiers, implementing consumer-side idempotence with deduplication tables, leveraging Kafka’s transactional features, and establishing system-level safeguards and monitoring to ensure reliable, exactly‑once processing.
This article explains what deep copy is, why it is essential for avoiding side‑effects in mutable data structures, outlines its practical benefits such as safe snapshots and independent cloning of complex objects, and provides a complete JavaScript implementation that handles primitives, circular references, and special built‑in types.
This guide explains how to identify and resolve sudden latency increases in running services by collecting key metrics, focusing on GC behavior, thread and lock analysis, CPU and system resources, and using diagnostic tools such as jstat, jstack, and distributed tracing.
This article compares three common distributed ID generation methods—database auto‑increment, UUID, and Snowflake—detailing their architectures, advantages, drawbacks, and ideal use‑cases to help engineers select the most suitable approach for their systems.
