This article explains why causal inference is essential for moving beyond correlation to decision‑making, introduces the structural causal model framework, and provides a step‑by‑step guide to using Microsoft’s DoWhy Python library for modeling, identification, estimation, and counterfactual analysis.
Twitter has released the source code of its recommendation algorithm, revealing a three‑stage pipeline that collects, ranks with machine‑learning models, and filters tweets to balance content from followed and unfollowed accounts while optimizing for user engagement.
In a GTC fireside chat, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang and OpenAI co‑founder Ilya Sutskever discuss GPT‑4's multimodal advances, the evolution of deep learning from early neural networks to large‑scale models, the pivotal role of GPUs and datasets like ImageNet, and their vision for more reliable, scalable artificial intelligence.
In his Spark Award address, Huawei’s founder Ren Zhengfei outlined the company’s R&D investment, the role of mathematics and AI, strategies for university collaboration, talent cultivation, open platforms, and the balance between scientific curiosity and practical technology development.
On March 29, Elon Musk, Steve Wozniak, Geoffrey Hinton and over a thousand AI experts signed an open letter urging a six‑month halt to training systems more powerful than GPT‑4, citing profound societal risks and calling for transparent, verifiable pauses and stronger governance.
This article explores whether AI constitutes a new technological revolution, examines recent breakthroughs like GPT‑4 and AIGC, predicts emerging AI‑driven industries, discusses potential societal impacts, and reflects on the path toward artificial general intelligence and future AI‑human coexistence.
The article reviews GPT‑4’s expanded visual and coding abilities, modest arithmetic gains, and capacity to use external tools, while highlighting persistent shortcomings in planning, long‑range context, complex calculations, and societal risks such as misinformation, concluding that despite impressive advances it remains far from true artificial general intelligence.
The article introduces OpenAI's newly released ChatGPT and Whisper APIs, explains their reduced costs, outlines usage details and model versions, and provides Python code examples for integrating these powerful conversational and speech‑to‑text models into third‑party applications.
An experiment comparing Chinese keyword prompts, English keyword prompts, and English natural‑language prompts for Midjourney V5 shows that descriptive, emotionally‑rich sentences produce more coherent, high‑detail images than simple keyword lists.
This article explains how ChatGPT, the popular AI chatbot, can boost developer productivity through testing, debugging, documentation, error detection, code completion, formatting, refactoring, search assistance, text classification, and summarization, while also highlighting its need for human oversight and risks such as plagiarism.
This article introduces the No‑Free‑Lunch principle in machine learning and provides concise explanations of ten fundamental supervised‑learning algorithms—including linear regression, logistic regression, LDA, decision trees, Naïve Bayes, K‑Nearest Neighbors, LVQ, SVM, random forest, and boosting—highlighting their mathematical basis, typical applications, advantages, and limitations.
OpenAI has unveiled a suite of ChatGPT plugins—including a web‑browser, a code interpreter, a retrieval tool, and support for third‑party services—enabling the model to access up‑to‑date information, run Python code, query vector databases, and integrate external APIs, dramatically expanding its practical capabilities.
This article examines how ChatGPT’s rapid advances in natural‑language processing spark fears of job loss among developers, explains why many routine coding tasks are vulnerable, and highlights why programmers’ creative problem‑solving, debugging, and system design keep their roles secure while offering productivity benefits.
OpenAI has launched a ChatGPT plugin system that lets the model safely call external APIs, browse the web, and run code, enabling real‑time information retrieval, automated actions like booking travel, and powerful data analysis through official Browsing and Code Interpreter plugins.
This article provides a comprehensive technical analysis of ChatGPT, covering its cognitive model, model‑as‑a‑service architecture, front‑end integration, internal structure, API design, engineering challenges, risk‑aware AGI development, and future outlook for AI‑driven software engineering.
Baidu unveiled its new generative AI chatbot ERNIE Bot, showcasing five practical scenarios, multimodal generation, a detailed technical stack based on the ERNIE and PLATO models, and a comparison with ChatGPT and Bing Chat, while also announcing its invitation‑only testing program and API access for enterprises.
This article curates key front‑end and emerging tech topics—including Inversion of Control in JavaScript, the overload of JS frameworks, Facebook's iOS codebase evolution, GPT‑4's launch, prompt‑engineering automation, and nuanced UI control design—offering concise insights for modern developers.
This article provides an overview of ChatGPT’s rapid rise, OpenAI’s founding, the evolution of GPT models up to GPT‑3, the data‑driven training process, model capabilities and limitations, and practical guidance for users, highlighting the interplay between open‑source research and commercial deployment.
This article introduces various ChatGPT‑based data‑augmentation techniques for natural language processing, explains how to use prompts for synonym, antonym, homophone, random insertion, deletion, and swapping transformations, and provides concrete example prompts and outputs to illustrate each method.
The article reviews the latest AI breakthroughs—including Baidu’s Wenxin Yiyan launch, OpenAI’s multimodal GPT‑4, Google’s PaLM API, Microsoft’s super‑computer investment—and also covers Docker’s paid‑plan warning, the US demand for TikTok’s sale, and a Stack Overflow technology survey.
Cougar is a cloud‑native, multi‑objective optimization framework that unifies metadata and monitoring ingestion to improve resource efficiency and performance for large‑scale AI and big‑data jobs, demonstrating over 50% CPU‑memory savings and stable latency in production experiments.
The article surveys key emerging trends—from dynamic CI/CD pipelines and high‑adaptability defense systems to AI, advanced computing, digital twins, and extended reality—highlighting how scale, security, and trust are reshaping software engineering research and practice.
This article explains what ChatGPT is, its impressive conversational performance across tasks such as daily dialogue, document writing, math solving, and coding, and details the underlying Transformer architecture, massive data training, and reinforcement learning from human feedback that make the model so powerful.
Mira Murati, the 35‑year‑old CTO of OpenAI, has shaped modern AI through pivotal roles at Google, Microsoft, and OpenAI, championing safety, transparency, open‑source research, and gender diversity while leading groundbreaking projects like GPT‑3 and AI safety toolkits.
Arm's newly unveiled Armv9 architecture, presented at Vision Day, introduces major enhancements across security, artificial intelligence, and scalable vector extensions (SVE2), while outlining a roadmap for future CPUs, performance gains, and the confidential compute architecture that reshapes trust boundaries in modern computing.
The article announces the GPT‑3.5 Turbo API, highlights its ten‑fold lower price of $0.002 per 1k tokens, explains the new chat‑completion format with messages, and provides a practical Node.js example along with various application ideas.
This article surveys recent developments around ChatGPT and GPT‑4, covering Microsoft’s robot‑control experiments, the model’s emergence as a scientific co‑author, education bans, misinformation challenges, legal‑tech experiments, and emerging AI‑generated content, while highlighting both opportunities and ethical concerns.
Elon Musk announced that Twitter’s recommendation algorithm will be open‑sourced as early as next week, citing transparency and bias reduction, while experts debate the feasibility and potential impact on AI standards, and the tech community shares humorous code snippets mocking the move.
This article introduces the architecture of intelligent risk control, detailing its four-layer framework—data, feature, model, and decision layers—along with platform interactions, implementation methods, algorithm choices, and future development trends, providing a comprehensive guide for practitioners.
This article explains the main characteristics of Web 3.0, including its decentralized architecture, blockchain foundations, semantic web, AI integration, DeFi, ubiquitous access, and 3‑D graphics, highlighting how these innovations differentiate it from earlier web generations and improve user privacy and experience.
Prof. Qiu Xipeng’s lecture provides a comprehensive overview of large language models—from their historical development and architectural foundations to key technologies such as in‑context learning, chain‑of‑thought, and natural‑instruction learning, as well as RLHF training, capability evaluation, and current limitations of ChatGPT.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of the digital economy, examines current digital technology trends such as AI, XR, quantum computing, and privacy computing, and explores how blockchain integrates with privacy computing to enable secure, decentralized data collaboration and drive the next phase of digital transformation.
This article provides an overview of deep learning as a branch of machine learning and presents detailed comparative tables of popular deep‑learning software frameworks, covering creators, initial releases, licenses, platforms, programming languages, supported features such as CUDA, OpenMP, and model‑training capabilities.
Amid Bard's troubled launch and a sharp stock decline, several Google Brain researchers have quietly joined OpenAI, while Chinese companies and even cultural institutions are rapidly adopting Baidu's Wenxin Yiyan, highlighting a fierce talent and technology race in the artificial‑intelligence sector.
The article examines how ChatGPT has ignited a nationwide investment surge in China, prompting tech giants and venture capitalists to launch competing large‑language‑model projects, outlining the model’s core capabilities, and exploring its far‑reaching impact on industries and the strategic moves of companies like iFlytek.
This article examines ChatGPT's superior experience, programming, writing, comprehension, and creative abilities compared to ordinary people, illustrates its impact on routine tasks, and offers practical advice on how individuals can stay relevant in the age of advanced AI.
The article outlines the five‑generation evolution of Ant Group's risk control platforms, the technical and operational challenges faced, the shift toward data‑driven and AI‑enabled security, and the organization’s comprehensive data and network protection measures alongside emerging technologies such as graph risk, blockchain, and privacy computing.
From the 19th‑century origins of Business Intelligence through BI 1.0’s data warehouses, BI 2.0’s self‑service dashboards, and today’s emerging BI 2.5 intelligent era, Sugar BI’s DI predictive module offers low‑code, AI‑driven chart recommendations, automatic analysis, voice interaction, and customizable machine‑learning models for non‑technical business users.
This article presents a comprehensive overview of Hema's supply chain, detailing its business model, logistics‑inventory trade‑offs, algorithmic positioning, and the design, modules, and achievements of its fresh‑food automatic replenishment system, which leverages demand forecasting, graph neural networks, and dynamic inventory control.
This article provides a comprehensive technical overview of ChatGPT, covering its origins, underlying GPT architecture, reinforcement learning from human feedback, training stages, current limitations, and prospective improvements such as model compression, constitutional AI, and integration with AIGC technologies.
Google’s Bard, promoted as an AI search assistant to challenge Microsoft’s ChatGPT‑enhanced Bing, stumbled in a live demo by providing a false answer about the James Webb Telescope, prompting a market plunge and highlighting the critical need for thorough testing of AI‑driven search tools.
The article explains how techniques such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback, Instruction Fine‑Tuning, Supervised Fine‑tuning and Chain‑of‑Thought contribute to ChatGPT’s impressive general‑intelligence performance, as analyzed by DeepLearning.AI founder Andrew Ng.
After the 2022 breakthrough of ChatGPT, the author reviews key AI resources, examines ChatGPT’s strengths and limitations, and explores how AI is transforming front‑end development, data analysis, and product workflows, offering practical advice for engineers to adapt and leverage these emerging capabilities.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of ChatGPT, covering its origins within OpenAI, core features, underlying GPT‑3.5 architecture, reinforcement learning from human feedback, current limitations, and future directions such as model compression, RLAIF, and expanding industry applications.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of ChatGPT, covering its origin, core GPT‑3.5 architecture, RLHF training pipeline, distinctive features, current limitations, and emerging research directions such as model compression and integration with symbolic engines.
This article breaks down the Transformer architecture behind ChatGPT, explaining its attention mechanism, embedding, positional encoding, and multi‑head self‑attention, while highlighting the model's impact on AI research, data requirements, and future innovations.
From Deep Blue’s 1997 chess victory to today’s generative AI breakthroughs like GPT‑3, DALL‑E, and large‑scale models, this article traces the rapid rise of artificial intelligence, highlighting key milestones, the impact of massive compute and data, and the societal implications of AI’s expanding capabilities.
Baidu is set to introduce a ChatGPT‑like conversational AI chatbot integrated into its search service in March, aiming to regain market influence amid competition, while Chinese developers and startups also race to commercialise generative AI, prompting a notable rise in Baidu’s stock.
Nanjing University, the first C9 university to launch an AI institute, tops national AI program rankings, boasts a 96% employment rate for its 2022 graduates, and reports impressive average salaries of 303,800 RMB for undergraduates and 482,100 RMB for master’s students.
In an interview, Microsoft’s CTO Kevin Scott outlines how large‑language‑model AI is boosting productivity, driving scientific breakthroughs, reshaping Microsoft products, and raising responsible‑AI challenges, while sharing his vision of AI’s impact on work, education, healthcare, and the broader economy.
This article surveys recent open‑source projects—including LAION’s OpenAssistant, CarperAI’s trlX, and Phil Wang’s ChatGPT implementation—that provide RLHF‑based training pipelines for large language models, while highlighting community expectations, resource challenges, and future accessibility goals.
This article shares practical experiences of applying federated learning and privacy computing in urban scenarios, covering fundamental concepts, system architecture, data flow, security measures, real‑world city case studies, current challenges, and future outlook for AI‑driven smart city solutions.
Tencent AI Lab deputy Yu Dong was named a 2022 ACM Fellow for his groundbreaking work in speech processing and deep‑learning applications, boasting over 100 patents, multiple best‑paper awards, and technologies now embedded in many of Tencent’s products.
From multimodal pre‑training models and chiplet integration to compute‑in‑memory, cloud‑native security, predictive networking, dual‑engine decision systems, computational optical imaging, large‑scale digital twins, and generative AI, this overview highlights the key technological trends reshaping AI, hardware, and cloud infrastructures.
China Mobile Information Technology’s Management Information Domain Operation Management System passed the comprehensive-level AIOps fault‑prediction assessment, highlighting the growing importance of AI‑driven operations, the new AIOps capability maturity model, and insights from a project‑manager interview on future development.
This article explains the AIOps concept, details China Mobile Information Technology's award‑winning Disk Health Intelligent Detection System, and shares an interview with its cloud architect on the evaluation process, future plans, and the broader AIOps capability maturity model.
This article details China Mobile Information's interview about their centralized AIOps platform, the recent excellent‑level assessment by the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, the system's key modules, future plans, and the broader significance of AI‑driven IT operations.
The article explains AIOps concepts, details China Mobile Information's award‑winning intelligent operations tools, shares an interview with deputy general manager Liang Enlei on their development, evaluation experience, future plans, and introduces the national AIOps maturity model and its key modules.
This report presents the background, methodology, evaluation model, results, and key observations of the 2022 digital human system basic capability assessment, highlighting technical, engineering, and security challenges, industry standards development, and future work to advance digital human technologies.
The article reviews the rapid rise of AI‑generated content (AIGC) in 2022, outlines its historical development stages, highlights Baidu’s breakthrough video‑generation and search technologies, and discusses the severe AI talent shortage in China along with Baidu’s extensive training initiatives.
This article presents an extensive chronological overview of artificial intelligence, tracing its origins from Leibniz's chain rule in 1676 through early chess machines, the development of neural networks, the rise of deep learning, and recent breakthroughs in reinforcement learning and hardware acceleration, highlighting key milestones, researchers, and seminal papers.
New York City’s Department of Education has blocked access to ChatGPT on school networks, citing concerns over content safety, accuracy, and the erosion of critical thinking skills as AI tools enable students to cheat and blur the line between human and machine‑generated work.
The inaugural national mining AI model competition in China, co‑hosted by the China Coal Society, China University of Mining (Beijing) and Huawei, showcased cutting‑edge AI applications, awarded top student teams, and highlighted a crowdsourced approach to accelerate smart‑mine transformation.
Microsoft plans to embed OpenAI’s ChatGPT into Bing, aiming to challenge Google’s search dominance, while detailing the partnership history, model capabilities, potential biases, and market implications for both companies in the industry.
Baidu Research Institute’s 2023 forecast spotlights ten pivotal technology trends—including large‑model ecosystems, digital‑physical integration, autonomous driving, robotics, scientific and quantum computing, privacy‑computing, tech ethics, and sustainable development—while stressing AI‑driven infrastructure, cross‑domain integration, and pragmatic intelligent innovation as the core drivers of future industry transformation.
This article explains the architecture of recommendation and search systems, detailing various recall methods such as collaborative filtering, matrix factorization, and vector‑based approaches, as well as ranking models like LR, FM, and DeepFM, and discusses re‑ranking and traffic control strategies.
This presentation reviews the rapid rise of privacy‑preserving computation and federated learning since 2018, explains the fundamentals and classifications of federated learning, and details five technical innovations implemented by China Telecom—including a standard architecture, data‑pollution detection, anti‑member‑inference inference, asynchronous optimization, and contribution‑value assessment—demonstrating practical AI solutions for large‑scale data security and privacy.
Meituan’s technology team highlights its twenty most‑read 2022 blog posts, spanning observability, system design, data governance, AI, cloud‑native engineering, and practical innovations such as visual log tracing, Kafka scaling, functional programming, Elasticsearch optimization, CI/CD pipelines, and advanced object‑detection frameworks.
AIOps combines AI techniques such as machine learning with data science to enhance IT operations, and the Chinese CAICT has released the first international AIOps capability maturity model, detailing evaluation criteria, modules like anomaly detection and root‑cause analysis, and announcing recent certified enterprises.
The article introduces the AIOps (Artificial Intelligence for IT Operations) capability maturity model developed by China’s Information and Communication Research Institute, explains its two parts—general capabilities and system/tool technical requirements—lists the evaluated modules, and announces the upcoming certification ceremony and contact details for participation.
The article answers three key questions on graph neural networks—whether expressive power correlates with performance, how MPNNs differ from Graph‑Augmented MLPs, and why expressive ability relates to subgraph counting—while also announcing DataFun’s 5‑year anniversary series of AI and big‑data articles.
John Carmack, the pioneering CTO behind Oculus Rift, announced his departure from Meta, citing inefficiencies, internal battles, and a shift toward affordable VR hardware, while also highlighting his new focus on AGI through his startup Keen Technologies.
An in‑depth overview of ChatGPT covering its conversational model nature, core technologies such as InstructGPT, large language model capabilities, RLHF training pipeline, strengths, limitations, safety mechanisms, and potential applications across content creation, search, and multimodal integration.
This article explains the fundamentals of quantum computing, explores how quantum algorithms and quantum neural networks can accelerate artificial intelligence, and reviews Baidu's QianJiang quantum machine‑learning platform, its core features, recent research breakthroughs, and practical applications on quantum hardware.
The article recounts a teacher’s experience introducing ChatGPT to students, showcasing how the AI solved a milk‑tea temperature modeling problem with code, while also highlighting its impressive capabilities, occasional inaccuracies, and the need for critical verification.
After experimenting with ChatGPT, the author investigates OpenAI’s history, its open‑source initiatives like Gym, Whisper, DALL·E, and GPT, and concludes that, despite past openness, ChatGPT is unlikely to become open‑source, offering insights into the company’s commercial direction.
The article showcases ten impressive applications of OpenAI's ChatGPT—from debugging code and detecting security flaws to simulating a Linux terminal, generating nmap scans, reverse‑engineering shellcode, and highlighting its limitations—illustrating how the AI’s capabilities are only bounded by the user’s imagination.
This article explores ChatGPT's rapid rise, explains how to access and use it, showcases code it can generate such as a Java seckill program, and discusses the broader reactions and ethical challenges surrounding large language models in the AI landscape.
This article outlines Guangfa Group’s initiatives in privacy computing and federated learning, detailing the development of its federated learning platform, contributions to open‑source FATE, industry standards, various application scenarios such as joint statistics, precise marketing, risk control, cross‑domain verification, and introduces their newly published book on federated learning principles and applications.
The 2022 China Cloud Computing Infrastructure Summit showcased the debut of Alibaba Cloud Pangu 2.0 and featured a series of expert presentations covering data‑center airflow simulation, AI‑driven compute demands, innovative server and storage technologies, high‑performance networking, and smart‑data‑center operations, concluding with a forward‑looking round‑table on intelligent computing.
Tencent celebrates eight of its leading scientists who were featured in Stanford University's 2022 World’s Top 2% Scientists rankings, highlighting their groundbreaking contributions across artificial intelligence, computer vision, speech recognition, medical imaging, and big‑data research.
China Mobile Cloud’s Intelligent Operations (AIOps) platform passed the CAICT comprehensive evaluation, reaching industry‑leading L2 maturity, and the interview reveals the project’s goals, outcomes, and future plans for advancing AI‑driven IT operations.
This article explains the Butterfly Optimization Algorithm (BOA), covering its biological inspiration, core concepts such as scent-based global and local search, key parameters, iteration process, and provides a complete Python implementation with example usage and visualisation of convergence.
This article provides a concise introduction to a wide range of popular Python libraries for artificial intelligence and data science, such as NumPy, OpenCV, scikit-image, Pillow, Scikit-learn, TensorFlow, PyTorch, and many others, accompanied by practical code snippets and performance comparisons.
This article presents an end‑to‑end intelligent testing framework that mines development‑stage risk dimensions, conducts admission risk assessment, extracts multi‑dimensional activity data such as coverage metrics, and applies model‑based risk evaluation to guide quality‑assurance decisions and improve release safety.
The article describes JD's AI‑driven UI traversal framework that combines traditional view‑tree dumping, image‑based segmentation, OCR and YOLO detection to automatically explore, assert and handle dynamic elements across Android, iOS, H5 and mini‑programs, improving testing efficiency and reducing production incidents.
The article provides a comprehensive overview of the role of CPUs and GPGPUs in modern server architectures and AI workloads, discussing hardware fundamentals, instruction set architectures, market trends, and the emerging importance of heterogeneous computing for high‑performance and energy‑efficient processing.
Kuaishou MMU developed an AI-powered solution that automatically identifies highlight moments in live streams using multimodal technology, generates polished short videos through intelligent editing, and supports 30+ live streaming categories including gaming, e-commerce, and talent shows.
NASA’s Deep Space 1 mission, launched in 1998, relied on Lisp‑written control software, enabling remote REPL debugging across 240 million kilometers, and the story traces the language’s rise, internal politics, and eventual decline within JPL, illustrating the complexities of software engineering for interplanetary probes.
This article introduces Monte Carlo methods, explains how random sampling approximates integrals, discusses uniform and non‑uniform probability distributions, and details acceptance‑rejection sampling as a technique for generating samples from complex distributions, laying the groundwork for understanding Markov Chain Monte Carlo in AI.
Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology renamed its Information Engineering Department to the Metaverse Engineering Department, reflecting the surge of metaverse interest and its integration into the university's AI college, sparking mixed reactions from the public.
Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology has renamed its long‑standing Information Engineering Department to a Metaverse Engineering Department, launched a Metaverse Research Institute, and plans joint graduate programs with Hong Kong Polytechnic University to push Metaverse applications in smart education, healthcare, and meteorology.
The DataFun Summit 2022 Decision Intelligence online conference on September 24 features leading experts from academia and industry presenting research on supply‑chain optimization, electric‑vehicle service network design, simulation‑based decision frameworks, high‑performance distributed machine‑learning platforms, and advanced optimization solvers.
The Tsinghua‑Meituan Digital Life Joint Research Institute will host an academic salon on September 14, 10:00‑11:00, featuring Prof. Shi Chuan of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications discussing recent advances in graph neural networks for heterogeneous, dynamic, sparse, and adversarial open‑environment graphs, with access via Tencent Meeting ID 597‑765‑237 and a WeChat group QR code.
The article summarizes Ant Group's 2019 QCon talk on how financial-grade cloud native architecture, distributed middleware, high‑availability databases, open data‑intelligence platforms, and talent development combine to enable scalable, secure, and AI‑driven services for modern fintech.
At the WAIC 2022 AI Open Source and Industrial Intelligence Summit in Shanghai, Baidu’s CTO outlined a TSMC‑like model for large‑scale AI, academicians highlighted intelligent vehicle connectivity and open‑source leadership, a new deep‑learning transformation base was unveiled, and PaddlePaddle’s 4.77 million developers underscored China’s rapidly expanding AI ecosystem across industry.
The BDTC 2022 China Big Data Technology Conference, held on September 3 at Fourth Paradigm Technology Co., showcases a Graph Machine Learning Forum featuring leading academics and industry experts who present cutting‑edge research, scalable graph neural network systems, financial fraud defense, and autonomous knowledge‑graph learning, with detailed speaker bios, talk titles, abstracts, and registration information.
This article explains the core PSO velocity and position formulas, provides a complete Python implementation with detailed comments, runs the algorithm on a 2‑dimensional test function, and presents the optimal solution and convergence plot.
The Beijing seminar co‑hosted by MIT Technology Review China and Ant Group highlighted the rapid rise of graph computing, discussed academic‑industry cooperation models, explored research hotspots such as distributed graph platforms and AI‑driven graph pre‑training, and examined practical challenges and future prospects for graph databases across sectors.
The article reviews how the Transformer breakthrough, the rapid scaling of large language models such as GPT‑3, Switch Transformer, and Alibaba's AliceMind and M6, together with multimodal research, are shaping the next phase of artificial intelligence toward more general, collaborative, and open AI systems.
