This article explores Apache Kafka’s evolution, core messaging and stream processing capabilities, typical use cases, internal storage mechanisms, API choices, and best practices for deploying Kafka on Kubernetes, providing readers with comprehensive guidance to assess suitability and implement effective Kafka solutions.
This article explains the fundamentals of Linux control groups (cgroups), their components and hierarchy rules, and demonstrates how to create, configure, and apply cgroups for resource limiting in containers using shell commands, Docker, and Kubernetes.
The article introduces Service Mesh Interface (SMI), a lightweight standard for Kubernetes service meshes, explains its design goals, details the core API objects for traffic specification, access control, traffic splitting, and monitoring, and reviews the ecosystem of vendors and contributors supporting the specification.
This article explains Kubernetes' origins, its pivotal role in the cloud‑native ecosystem, practical steps for migrating legacy applications, common operational challenges, and emerging trends such as service mesh, serverless, and data‑service integration.
The case study details how Pandora’s marketing solution for Tencent’s games was migrated to a managed Tencent Cloud Kubernetes cluster, compares container‑service, serverless, and self‑built options, outlines the new image‑based deployment workflow, autoscaling, monitoring practices, and demonstrates the operational benefits of tighter dev‑ops collaboration.
This article introduces the fundamentals of Istio as a service mesh, explains its data‑plane and control‑plane architecture, and details the roles of the Pilot component—including pilot‑agent and pilot‑discovery—in providing service discovery, traffic management, and integration with Kubernetes for microservice deployments.
This article presents a concise yet detailed formal model of the Kubernetes Scheduler, describing its control‑loop logic, scheduling and preemption processes, feasibility filters, viability scoring, and binding objects using TLA+ specifications and illustrative code snippets.
This article explains how Istio simplifies microservice management by providing a full service‑mesh solution—including service discovery, load balancing, fault recovery, telemetry, and traffic control—while detailing its architecture, the roles of the data and control planes, and the functions of the Pilot components.
Learn how to perform single‑machine multi‑GPU and multi‑node multi‑GPU training with MXNet, understand KVStore modes, configure workers, servers, and schedulers, and deploy large‑scale distributed training on Kubernetes using Kubeflow, including operator installation, task creation, and performance considerations.
This article explains the fundamentals of Linux Cgroups, their role in container resource isolation, how to create and manage hierarchies, control groups, and subsystems, and demonstrates practical usage with Docker and Kubernetes for CPU and memory limits.
The article explains cloud computing’s three service models—IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS—while highlighting how container technologies like Docker and Kubernetes have transformed the PaaS layer into a mainstream “container cloud,” driving faster deployments, DevOps convergence, and rapid market growth predicted to double by 2022.
This tutorial walks you through installing essential tools on CentOS, setting up Docker CE, configuring kubelet and kubeadm packages, initializing a Kubernetes master node, joining worker nodes, installing Flannel networking, and troubleshooting common issues, providing all commands and configuration steps needed for a functional cluster.
Alibaba’s R&D team introduced a service‑level virtualization technique called “feature environments,” which uses shared base environments and virtual routing to provide lightweight, isolated test environments, reducing cost and improving stability while leveraging containers, Kubernetes, and DevOps practices for large‑scale projects.
An Alibaba Cloud expert walks through a rare Kubernetes node NotReady issue, detailing how PLEG failures, Docker daemon stack traces, runC’s D‑Bus interactions, and a systemd cookie overflow combine to stall nodes, and explains the debugging steps and eventual fix.
This article introduces Kubeflow, explains the typical machine‑learning model lifecycle, outlines Kubeflow’s core components and Kubernetes advantages, provides detailed server and storage configuration, walks through ksonnet and Kubeflow installation steps, and shows how to verify deployments and access the Kubeflow UI.
This article introduces Kubeflow, a Kubernetes‑based machine‑learning platform, outlines the typical ML lifecycle, details core components, explains why Kubernetes benefits AI workloads, and provides a step‑by‑step guide for installing and accessing Kubeflow’s services, concluding with its industry impact.
The Beijing cloud‑native technology salon on April 20 showcased expert talks on Kube‑OVN networking, Oracle Linux Ksplice hot‑patching, 360’s Wayne multi‑cluster platform, YRCloudFile container storage, and CI/CD strategies, highlighting practical advances and open‑source projects for modern cloud environments.
Kubernetes performs in‑place container upgrades by detecting spec changes, computing pod actions that selectively kill and restart only the affected containers while preserving the pod sandbox, allowing sidecar updates without full pod recreation, reducing downtime and enabling custom operators for gray‑scale rolling upgrades.
This roundup covers GoDaddy's open‑source Kubernetes External Secrets project, free CNCF cloud‑native courses for Chinese developers, major Kubernetes performance and security enhancements, Knative and Istio updates, containerd improvements, a shift from rich‑container ops to cloud‑native practices, and recommended open‑source and reading resources.
This article describes the challenges of scaling the 58 Cloud Search service, explains why Prometheus was selected as the monitoring stack, and details the architecture, data collection, storage, alerting, visualization, and future enhancements of the resulting cloud‑native monitoring system.
This article details the design and evolution of Zhihu's deployment platform, covering its early physical‑machine system, the transition to container orchestration with Mesos and Kubernetes, and advanced features such as blue‑green, canary releases, pre‑deployment, and branch deployments that enable rapid, reliable continuous delivery for large‑scale internet services.
Shane Boulden, a Red Hat DevOps certification expert, outlines the eight most valuable DevOps skills—from mastering Kubernetes and micro‑service scaling to automation, container optimization, multi‑runtime interaction, identity management, OS expertise, and effective learning strategies—providing a practical roadmap for 2019 and beyond.
The article argues that AWS’s relationship to Kubernetes mirrors Windows’s historic dominance over Linux, examining vendor lock‑in, the evolution of cloud services, the economics of scaling, and why enterprises should consider open‑source alternatives and distribution‑based Kubernetes solutions to avoid being trapped.
This article explores the evolution and architecture of Kubernetes container runtimes, detailing Docker, containerd, CRI‑O, OCI standards, strong‑isolation solutions like Kata, gVisor and firecracker, and their implications for security and serverless workloads.
This article explains how to use a Python script to automatically delete outdated images from a private Harbor registry, detailing the background, approach, deletion workflow, current limitations, and providing the full source code for easy adaptation.
The article reviews Kubernetes 1.14, highlighting major advances such as full Windows node and container support, the integration of Kustomize for native application management, performance optimizations for large‑scale clusters, and enhancements to extensibility and stability that signal the platform’s continued evolution.
UK8S’s custom CNI plugin integrates VPC networking to give containers native cloud performance, but a bug caused kubelet to create a second sandbox container, leading to missing NETNS parameters and VPC IP leaks; the article details the investigation, root‑cause analysis, and the patch fixing the issue.
This article examines the challenges of big‑data storage in containerized environments, compares compute‑storage‑separated architectures with traditional setups, presents performance and cost benchmarks of Alibaba Cloud ECS instances, and outlines practical storage options such as OSS, NAS, and DFS for Spark workloads on Kubernetes.
This article details a front‑end engineer's journey of containerizing a static‑site project with Docker and Kubernetes, addressing node_modules caching, oversized images, and complex deployment workflows, and presents three optimizations—caching dependencies, shrinking base images, and using multi‑stage builds—that cut image size to 25 MB and halve CI build time.
The article explains how many companies struggle with inefficient DevOps communication and proposes a solution based on process, standardization, automation, and platformization, culminating in a lightweight Kubernetes‑based PaaS that reduces operational workload and improves reliability.
Looking ahead to 2019, the article forecasts that Kubernetes will mature and accelerate adoption, service meshes like Istio and Envoy will dominate multicloud networking, containerized micro‑service marketplaces will expand, SaaS providers will deepen enterprise app portfolios, and hybrid‑cloud and edge computing will grow, driven by cloud‑native architectures.
Since 2016 DiDi has evolved its machine‑learning platform from isolated, workshop‑style GPU servers to a cloud‑native, Kubernetes‑driven architecture that unifies resource management, introduces custom parameter‑server and serving frameworks, provides autotuning, external SaaS offerings such as Elastic Inference and JianShu, and aims for a 3.0 unified internal‑external AI marketplace.
This guide walks through the complete process of preparing a Windows Server 2016 host, enabling Hyper‑V and RRAS, installing Docker EE, configuring a transparent Docker network, and joining the node to a Kubernetes 1.9 (or 1.14) cluster, including all required commands and troubleshooting steps.
This article explains the internal architecture of Spark Operator, covering Kubernetes operator fundamentals, CRD definitions, code layout, job submission flow, state machine handling, monitoring integration, and troubleshooting techniques for reliable Spark workloads on Kubernetes.
This tutorial walks you through deploying an ELK stack and a sample web application on Kubernetes, exposing services via NodePort and ClusterIP, scaling the web pods, and using Kibana to visualize logs from multiple containers, all illustrated with YAML files and command‑line examples.
The article explains how Kubernetes has become the default platform for cloud‑native infrastructure, why Serverless and diverse application services are emerging as key trends, and how a clear definition of cloud‑native drives large‑scale technology upgrades in Chinese public‑cloud markets.
This article reviews the shortcomings of Kubernetes networking, explains the capabilities of OVS and OVN as unified solutions, maps OVN abstractions to Kubernetes concepts, and outlines future directions for enhancing cloud‑native network functionality, followed by an extensive Q&A session.
This article introduces Kubernetes from a beginner’s perspective, covering its historical background, core design principles, architecture components such as Master and Node, key concepts like declarative APIs, containers, Pods, Services, and demonstrates how to create clusters, deploy, scale, and update applications, while also highlighting its role in cloud‑native environments.
The article introduces Cable, a new virtual network architecture that unifies management of physical, virtual, and container networks across OpenStack and Kubernetes, detailing its design, key components such as a virtual data plane and self‑developed control plane, compatibility with existing OpenStack APIs, and future development plans.
This guide explains how Alibaba Cloud Container Service and Log Service integrate to provide a complete Ingress logging, analysis, and visualization solution that can be deployed with a single YAML file, covering architecture, data collection, dashboards, alerts, and custom queries.
The Kubernetes 1.14 release, announced on March 25, 2019, adds production‑grade Windows node support, dozens of stable and beta features, extensive kubectl improvements, and a roadmap toward a more extensible, secure, and cloud‑native platform.
This article summarizes Wang Xinchun's 2018 DAMS China Data Asset Management Summit talk, detailing the current state, core services, responsibilities, evolution, architecture, challenges, and future directions of a large‑scale real‑time data platform built on Storm, Spark, Flink, and Kubernetes, including a unified data management approach.
This article details Ctrip's large‑scale continuous delivery practice, describing their deployment pipeline, unified build platform, Jenkins integration, Kubernetes‑based elastic agents, monitoring, and the challenges and improvements they encountered while handling thousands of daily deployments across multiple environments.
This article explains the Kubernetes architecture, details each core component, demonstrates how a Deployment is created, and critically compares Kubernetes' two‑layer scheduling model with Mesos, evaluating resource utilization, scalability, flexibility, performance, and scheduling latency while discussing why cluster schedulers struggle with horizontal scaling.
This article explains how chaos engineering principles are applied to Ali Kubernetes by reviewing open‑source Kubernetes monkey tools, analyzing complex failure scenarios, and presenting a custom fault‑injection suite built on the internal MonkeyKing platform to enable flexible, scenario‑driven chaos experiments.
This article details how NetEase Games implemented non‑stop maintenance for large‑scale online titles by reusing resources with Docker virtualization, evaluating Calico and Flannel overlay networks, and building a custom SDN solution, ultimately improving operational efficiency and player experience.
This article chronicles a SaaS startup’s transition from a simple monolithic Java application to a fully containerized microservice architecture, detailing the motivations, design principles, CI/CD pipelines, Spring Cloud and Kubernetes integration, automated deployment, tracing, and operational monitoring practices adopted along the way.
This article presents Ctrip's experience in building and operating a private container cloud platform, detailing its architectural evolution, operational challenges, tooling, monitoring, capacity management, and future directions toward hybrid and cloud‑native environments.
This article explains the inner workings of the Kubernetes scheduler, covering its architecture, pod queue handling, filtering, prioritization, binding, preemption, and code-level details, while also discussing current limitations and future enhancements such as the V2 framework and gang scheduling extensions.
This article explains how to design and implement a Kubernetes extension that allows multiple AI workloads to share a single Nvidia GPU by defining new extended resources, using a scheduler extender and a device plugin, and provides deployment steps, demos, and open‑source references.
This article explains why Kubernetes should be seen as a next‑generation operating system, walks through a simple nginx deployment using declarative YAML, introduces the concepts of CRDs, custom controllers and Operators, and shows how to create and manage resources such as etcd clusters and virtual machines within Kubernetes.
This article shares practical Prometheus monitoring tips, covering accuracy trade‑offs, self‑monitoring setups, storage choices, high‑cardinality metric handling, rate() pitfalls, alert‑graph mismatches, Alertmanager timing issues, and the core purpose of observability for stable business delivery.
The article describes Ctrip's motivation, design choices, and implementation details for deploying a self‑managed Kubernetes cluster on AWS, covering network architecture with VPC and ENI, custom image distribution, logging and monitoring, data synchronization, and operational challenges such as ELB loopback and kubelet configuration.
This article explains the fundamentals of Kubernetes audit logs, their JSON format, recording stages and levels, and shows how to configure policies, analyze logs, and use Alibaba Cloud's integrated solution to create visual reports, custom alerts, and advanced queries for security monitoring.
This article explains how container technology, inspired by physical shipping containers, provides lightweight, standardized, and portable application packaging, details the underlying Linux namespace and cgroup mechanisms, compares containers with virtual machines, and introduces major orchestration platforms such as Kubernetes, Mesos, and Swarm along with their key features and challenges.
This article details Ctrip's journey of building and operating a massive container cloud platform, covering its architectural evolution, operational challenges, tooling, capacity management, and future directions, offering practical insights for large‑scale cloud‑native environments.
This article details 360 Search's journey of constructing a Kubernetes‑based private cloud, covering its evolution, network and storage designs, logging pipeline, the Wayne management platform, encountered pitfalls, and future open‑source plans, offering practical insights for similar deployments.
This tutorial walks you through preparing the environment, downloading required packages and images via domestic mirrors, configuring Docker and the network, installing Kubernetes 1.6 with kubeadm, and deploying Flannel and the Dashboard, all tailored for Chinese cloud providers.
Chinese cloud‑native pioneer Li Xiang, the first Chinese member of the CNCF Technical Oversight Committee, discusses his open‑source contributions, Alibaba’s large‑scale cluster management, the evolution of cloud‑native technologies, and offers advice for young engineers on mastering code, design, and emerging trends.
This article explains the key differences between Linux containers and virtual machines, covering their design goals, resource usage, use‑case scenarios, security considerations, and how to choose the appropriate technology based on workload requirements and ecosystem support.
Meitu’s container platform, built on Kubernetes with Calico networking, a custom Nginx load‑balancer, unified logging, refined scheduling, autoscaling, and comprehensive monitoring, enables seamless multi‑cluster hybrid‑cloud operations for its hundreds‑of‑millions‑user services while providing CI/CD tooling and future‑ready extensions such as service mesh and edge computing.
The article outlines three learner personas—pure developers, server‑side engineers or ops, and beginners—and explains how each should focus on Kubernetes API details, architecture, and underlying system concepts to effectively master cloud‑native container technology.
The article summarizes the evolution and redesign of Zhihu's search engine, details 58 Group's high‑performance uesearch architecture, real‑time indexing mechanisms, cloud‑native deployment with Kubernetes, and highlights key technical insights and future directions for large‑scale search systems.
This article explains Alibaba's approach to migrating stateful containers at massive scale, covering the challenges of pod identity, resource duplication, hot versus cold migration, limitations of RunC and CRIU, and the opportunities presented by new container runtimes and process‑level virtualization.
This article provides a clear, beginner-friendly overview of cloud computing, explaining core terms such as IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, virtualization, hypervisors, OpenStack, containers, Docker, and Kubernetes, and illustrating how these technologies interrelate to form modern cloud infrastructure.
The article presents a detailed technical analysis of JD's Archimedes project, describing its evolution from JDOS 2.0 to a large‑scale container scheduling platform that dramatically improves resource utilization, deployment speed, and cost efficiency across JD’s data centers.
The article explains how modern DevOps, revitalized by cloud computing, is embodied in Tencent Hub—a cloud‑native platform that combines container‑based artifact storage and a reusable, Kubernetes‑driven workflow engine with DAG‑modeled pipelines, enabling scalable, secure CI/CD for enterprises and public‑cloud users.
This article introduces the origins of Kubernetes within Google’s Borg project, explains the role of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) and its member projects, describes the core cloud‑native characteristics of containerization, dynamic orchestration, and micro‑service architecture, and reviews the Twelve‑Factor methodology for building robust cloud‑native applications.
This article traces the rapid rise of Kubernetes Operators from a niche PoC to a de‑facto standard for deploying and managing distributed stateful applications, explains how they extend the controller pattern to provide declarative, dynamic lifecycle management, compares them with StatefulSets, and details the technical evolution from TPR to CRD with concrete code examples.
This guide walks through pulling and retagging the Kubernetes Dashboard image, applying the deployment manifest, modifying the Service to use a NodePort, creating an admin ServiceAccount and ClusterRoleBinding, and retrieving the admin token and service port for external access.
This guide outlines host planning for a master and two worker nodes, specifies CentOS, Docker, and Kubernetes version requirements, and provides step‑by‑step deployment instructions—including image download, network initialization, Flannel setup, and verification of pod and node status—illustrated with diagrams and screenshots.
This article provides a step‑by‑step guide on installing nvidia‑docker2, configuring the NVIDIA container runtime, setting up the GPU device plugin on a Kubernetes cluster, and deploying a GPU‑enabled pod to demonstrate proper GPU scheduling and usage.
This article explains the design shortcomings of the original nvidia-docker, introduces the architecture and components of nvidia-docker 2.0—including the NVIDIA container runtime, libnvidia-container, and their integration with Docker and containerd—and details the container creation flow for both standard and GPU-enabled workloads.
In this article, independent Node.js consultant Yoni Goldberg outlines 19 essential skills and topics—from TypeScript and async‑hooks to Kubernetes, blockchain, and machine learning—that developers should explore in 2019 to boost their expertise and stay ahead in the evolving backend ecosystem.
Experts predict that multi‑cloud will dominate 2019, urging IT leaders to adopt flexible, well‑planned strategies, address skill gaps, leverage Kubernetes and AIOps, and focus on cloud data management to optimize performance, cost, and security across hybrid environments.
This article chronicles the transformation of ZBJ.com’s system architecture from a PHP‑centric monolith to a multi‑language, Dubbo‑based SOA, detailing the adoption of front‑back separation, agile practices, a comprehensive DevOps platform with automated pipelines, containerization, CMDB, monitoring, and continuous scaling to support rapid business growth.
This page curates a collection of high‑quality technical articles and tutorials for developers working within the Vivo Mobile Internet ecosystem, covering Elasticsearch performance and search tuning, Jenkins CI/CD pipelines, Kubernetes scheduling and TensorFlow, service‑mesh resources, SparkSQL big‑data optimizations, Java concurrency, Quick‑App development, and Spring Cloud microservice frameworks.
This article details CTrip’s experience of containerizing a 200 TB+ Redis deployment with millions of queries per second, covering the motivations, architecture, Kubernetes strategies, performance testing, operational challenges, and the practical solutions they devised to achieve high scalability and resource efficiency.
The article analyzes how enterprise software development is shifting from traditional virtual machines to container and Kubernetes‑based architectures in 2019, examines major acquisitions such as Dell‑VMware and IBM‑Red Hat, and forecasts the strategic moves of cloud providers and vendors in the evolving multi‑cloud landscape.
This guide explains how to configure Jenkins with dynamically generated slave nodes on OpenShift, integrate Kubernetes settings, and provides Dockerfile and startup script details to ensure reliable CI/CD pipelines in a cloud‑native environment.
The article describes how 360 built a Kubernetes‑based container platform monitoring system using Prometheus, ELK, Grafana and custom components, detailing its architecture, monitoring dimensions, log collection, alerting, selection rationale, high‑availability design, and future evolution for scalable cloud‑native operations.
Zhang Lei’s KubeCon 2018 talk explains Kubernetes’ interface‑driven design, the role of CRI, container runtimes like containerd and KataContainers, and introduces the containerd ShimV2 layer that simplifies integrating secure, VM‑based runtimes into Kubernetes without writing separate CRI shims.
The article outlines etcd's evolution from its 2013 inception to becoming a CNCF‑graduated project, highlights its core raft implementation and widespread adoption in Kubernetes and major distributed databases, and details Alibaba's extensive use and future development plans for the system.
The article revisits the early days of physical server deployments and virtualization, explains how containers emerged as a lightweight alternative to VMs, discusses their security trade‑offs, and promotes a DevOpsLIVE event on Windows‑Linux containers and Azure Kubernetes.
The article presents a comprehensive 2018 DevOps Engineer roadmap that outlines essential skills—from programming languages and Linux fundamentals to networking, security, containerization, CI/CD, monitoring, and cloud platforms—and pairs each topic with curated online courses to guide aspiring DevOps professionals.
This article details Ant Financial's progressive Service Mesh migration plan, explaining the challenges of moving massive legacy applications to Kubernetes and Istio, the evaluated evolution routes, key migration practices like network continuity and DNS-based addressing, and the implementation of custom CoreDNS plugins for dynamic DNS updates.
The article surveys thirty‑nine essential open‑source tools for constructing microservices—from API management, messaging, and monitoring to Kubernetes orchestration, programming languages, frameworks, and serverless platforms—highlighting how each solution supports communication, scalability, and rapid development across enterprise, government, education, and charitable applications.
This article explains how to construct a Dev platform that supports both traditional enterprise delivery and internet‑centric business models, detailing the Dev stages (Code, Build, Assemble, Deploy, Monitor), their objectives, required tooling, and the architectural patterns needed for automated microservice packaging and deployment.
This article details the practical steps to install nvidia-docker2, configure Docker’s runtime, enable GPU support via Kubernetes device plugins, and verify GPU scheduling on a large Kubernetes cluster, providing code snippets and best‑practice recommendations for production environments.
The 2018 OpenStack User Survey, based on 1,483 responses from 858 projects across 63 countries, uncovers how OpenStack is expanding beyond IT, the rise of Kubernetes and bare‑metal services, multi‑cloud adoption patterns, and the top software and hardware vendors shaping the global cloud market.
This tutorial walks through installing NVIDIA‑Docker 2.0, configuring Docker’s runtime, deploying the NVIDIA device plugin on a Kubernetes 1.9 cluster, and testing GPU‑enabled pods, highlighting the advantages over the legacy nvidia‑docker 1.0 approach.
This article compiles over fifty open‑source and free Kubernetes tools, organized into categories such as cluster deployment, monitoring, testing, security, CLI utilities, development aids, CI/CD pipelines, serverless frameworks, service discovery, and native visualization, providing concise descriptions, repository links, and cost information for each.
This article describes how the Liulishuo algorithm team designed and implemented a Kubernetes‑based training platform that addresses the iterative, data‑intensive, and resource‑dynamic characteristics of machine learning workloads by pooling resources, enabling rapid provisioning, and optimizing scheduling and storage.
The BEP Gateway architecture for YouZan’s e‑commerce cloud bridges the core domain’s Dubbo‑based service governance with the customized domain’s Kubernetes/Istio mesh by using sidecar proxies, converting Dubbo RPC to HTTP/2, providing network isolation, a generic provider, SDK authorization, and plans for multi‑language support and enhanced gateway features.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of the Docker ecosystem, tracing its historical milestones, detailing various container technologies, explaining key Docker components and concepts, and illustrating the evolution of Docker through diagrams and the Moby project.
Medium transitioned from a monolithic Node.js app to a microservice architecture by adhering to three core principles—single purpose, loose coupling, and high cohesion—and implementing strategies such as dedicated services, avoiding shared storage, using Service Mesh, gRPC, Kubernetes, and comprehensive monitoring.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of Docker’s ecosystem, tracing its roots from early container technologies like chroot and FreeBSD Jails through Docker’s own components, key concepts such as libcontainer and OCI, and the evolution into the modular Moby project with related tools such as containerd, Linuxkit, and Infrakit.
This article explores how DevOps reshapes traditional high‑availability deployments, compares classic HA patterns with modern distributed designs, and explains why container orchestration platforms like Kubernetes are essential for achieving scalable, resilient services in today’s complex infrastructure.
Meituan’s HULK platform is a custom container‑cluster manager that integrates service governance, deployment and monitoring, while employing kernel patches, enhanced cgroup controls, dynamic CPU/memory isolation, P2P image distribution and in‑container core‑dump handling to overcome stability, performance and resource‑reporting challenges.
This article introduces Istio as a cloud‑native service mesh, explains its core components, features such as traffic management, security, and observability, and provides step‑by‑step commands to quickly deploy Istio on an Alibaba Cloud Kubernetes cluster.
